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Jiang Mingxiao Zhu Weiqiu Zhejiang University Hangzhou P. R. China 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》1996,9(2):169-178
Two stochastic models of fatigue crack growth under constant amplitude cyclic loadingare proposed and studied by using the stochastic averaging method and total probability theorem to ac-count for high frequency component and low frequency component, respectively, of the irregular na-ture of fatigue crack growth observed in Virkler's experiment. Particular attention is paid to the predic-tion performance of the models under a change in the initial crack length. It is shown that the modelsproposed in the present paper yields better agreement with experimental data than other models avail-able in literature. 相似文献
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测定了淬火、高温回火35CrMo钢光滑试样和三种缺口试样的三点弯曲疲劳极限,并利用ANSYS有限元软件计算了缺口试样加载时缺口截面上的应力分布.用“疲劳源形成的微细观过程理论”对试验结果进行了分析,认为,疲劳源的形成虽然发生在个别薄弱晶粒内部,是其中位错往返运动及交互作用的结果,但还必须满足一定的形变协调条件和概率条件,因而必须形成由相当多晶粒组成的“细观屈服区”.对试验结果的分析表明,如取“细观屈服区”临界尺寸(xW)等于11个奥氏体晶粒平均直径,则计算得到的缺口试样的表象疲劳极限,与实测值相比,其综合误差最小.据此计算的三种缺口试样的表象疲劳极限,其误差都小于5%.该xW可认为是材料的特征参量. 相似文献
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根据伴随着小裂纹延展过程中不同力学参数相互作用的分析研究基础之上,我们就疲劳小裂纹的扩展特性进行了分析,根据不扩展裂纹性质对小裂纹的长度范围进行了讨论,探讨了狭长缺口根部萌生的小裂纹扩展速率, 并研究了不扩展裂纹形成机理,推演出不扩展裂纹长度计算方法,发展出一种预测小裂纹扩展行为的方法,借助这种方法可以实现裂纹萌生寿命的预测,与疲劳设计相结合可以进一步提高构件安全性与可靠性.不扩展小裂纹的长度可以通过计算定量得到,它与材料的疲劳极限、裂纹门槛值及缺口尺寸等参数紧密相关.以理论数据为依据,可以设计出针对一定材料及尺寸的试样,使其在一定荷载条件下不扩展裂纹长度达到宏观可观测的范围,进而降低小裂纹测量方面的技术难度,进一步验证不扩张裂纹形成机理. 相似文献
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IntroductionFatiguefractrueisaprimarymodeoffailureformetallicstructuresandmechanicalsystemssubjectedtovariousdynamicloads.Atthebeginningofservice,someinherentdefectssuchasmicrocracks,weldingdefects,notches,voidsetc.existinmanystructuresorelements.Thesed… 相似文献
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工程结构的疲劳损伤发展过程经历了由初始缺陷的形成、裂纹的稳态扩展直到最后失效的不同发展阶段,通常疲劳损伤的演化可以概括为以下几个阶段:(1) 亚结构和微观结构的变化引起永久损伤的形成,产生微观裂纹;(2) 微观缺陷的长大会合形成主裂纹;(3) 主裂纹稳态扩展;(4) 结构失稳或完全失效.首先论述了疲劳裂纹扩展的物理机制,并从细观和宏观两个方面总结了处理疲劳裂纹问题的最新研究成果,对位错力学在处理短裂纹扩展问题中的应用,以及无位错区(DFZ)在疲劳裂纹扩展中的作用进行了较详细讨论. 相似文献
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表面疲劳裂纹扩展性能曲线测试的小样本方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出了一种测试表面疲劳裂纹扩展性能曲线的小样本方法,该方法可以综合利用以往的经验数据和当前试验数据确定表面疲劳裂纹扩展性能曲线.与传统的只能利用当前试验数据确定表面疲劳裂纹扩展性能曲线相比,其可利用的信息量有了大幅度增加,所以,在精度相同的情况下,可以节省大量试件;而且在试样数一定的情况下又可大大提高预测精度.文中还给出了一个试验对比实例. 相似文献
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A so-called \"local probabilistic Paris relation method\" was presented for measuring the random thresholds of long fatigue crack propagation. A check was made to the conventional method, in which the thresholds were measured statistically and directly by the test data. It was revealed that this method was not reasonable because the test data have seldom a unified level of crack growth rates. Differently,in the presented method the Paris-Erdogan equation was applied to model the local test data around the thresholds. Local probabilistic relations with both the survival probability and the confidence were established on a lognormal distribution of the stress density factors. And then, the probabilistic thresholds were derived from the probabilistic factors with a given critical level of growth rate. An analysis on the test data of LZ50 axle steel for the Chinese railway vehicles verifies that the present method is feasible and available. 相似文献
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为分析液氮注入对含水煤层裂隙疲劳增扩的影响,分别取干燥煤样、50%水饱和煤样和100%水饱和煤样,在室内开展了周期疲劳液氮浸泡试验,利用激光显微镜和声波测试仪测试液氮作用前后煤样表面裂隙结构和波速的变化。结果表明:1)经过液氮浸泡后,干燥煤样裂隙扩展效果不明显,10个浸泡周期后煤样仍完整;2)含水煤样的裂隙主要在垂直节理方向发生扩展;3)饱水程度越高,煤样裂隙扩展越显著;4)饱水程度越高,煤样液氮浸泡破坏所需的浸泡周期越短。煤样的饱水程度对液氮致裂效果影响显著。 相似文献
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基于断裂力学的疲劳裂纹扩展寿命问题的研究常常将裂纹尖端应力展开项的高次项忽略,引起了裂纹扩展模拟的误差,本文考虑高次项T-stress对裂纹扩展角的影响,对裂纹扩展过程做了数值模拟,结果显示相同裂纹扩展长度下,考虑T-stress会延长裂纹扩展寿命。文章首先采用修正的Paris-Erdogan 公式计算了两端承受均布拉伸载荷的边缘斜裂纹板的疲劳裂纹扩展寿命,裂纹扩展方向采用两参数修正的最大拉应力准则。由于结构尺寸,材料特性和载荷等因素具有不确定性,导致疲劳裂纹扩展过程带有一定的随机性,本文以材料属性和载荷为随机变量,在随机有限元法的基础上,结合计算可靠度的四阶矩法,Edgeworth级数展开方法,提出随机参数服从任意分布时的结构疲劳裂纹扩展寿命可靠度的计算方法。分析了参数为非正态分布时的平板裂纹扩展寿命可靠度随裂纹扩展的变化过程。本文方法可预测工程中板裂纹的扩展行为,以及预测裂纹板的可靠度。 相似文献
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A so-called "local probabilistic Paris relation method" was presented for measuring the random thresholds of long fatigue crack propagation. A check was made to the conventional method, in which the thresholds were measured statistically and directly by the test data. It was revealed that this method was not reasonable because the test data have seldom a unified level of crack growth rates. Differently,in the presented method the Paris-Erdogan equation was applied to model the local test data around the thresholds. Local probabilistic relations with both the survival probability and the confidence were established on a lognormal distribution of the stress density factors.And then, the probabilistic thresholds were derived from the probabilistic factors with a given critical level of growth rate. An analysis on the test data of LZ50 axle steel for the Chinese railway vehicles verifies that the present method is feasible and available. 相似文献
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IntroductionAsaspecialformofstructures,tubularjoints (multi_ductpipes)weldedbycircularcylindricalshells (circulartubes)havebeenwidelyusedinengineering .Oneoftheprimaryfactorsthatareresponsibleformanyseriousaccidentsistheinsufficientfatiguestrengthofthejo… 相似文献
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目前的疲劳裂纹随机扩展模型大多建立在损伤逐步累积的基础上,其数学描述繁琐复杂,计算用时较多。本文较为深入地研究了载荷分散性对裂纹随机扩展的影响,定义了块谱强度Seq和形状因子α,并用这些特征去描述载荷分散性对裂纹随机扩展的影响,结果表明裂纹随机扩展的均值可以用块谱强度Seq恰当地描述,而块谱的形状因子α可以很好地反映裂纹随机扩展的方差,因此通过块谱的特征迅速获取裂纹随机扩展的参数是可行的。 相似文献
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疲劳裂纹扩展柔度法测量系统研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
为了寻求高温高压环境介质下的疲劳裂纹扩展的测量方法,本文研制了基于柔度法的疲劳裂纹扩展系统.根据显微镜的标定结果,验证该计算机自动测量系统给出了可信的测量结果.其中,位移由涡流位移传感器测得,载荷由试验机自带的标准传感器测得.计算机实时采集并处理测试信号,给出裂纹扩展速率.文中介绍了该系统的功能及应用前景.作为应用实例,给出了42CrV和IR3Mo等钢种的疲劳裂纹扩展速率及门槛值. 相似文献
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刘先志 《应用数学和力学(英文版)》1981,2(2):215-224
In dealing with the heat conduction problem of the tightly compressed adjacent plane plates with different constant thermal conduction coefficients, we conventionally solve it layer by layer requiring to fulfill two requirements of equal temperature and equal heat flux at every two directly contacting intermediate surfaces.In this paper, we consider only such a case that the adjacent plane plates possess a gradually varying thermal conduction coefficients in order to offer a chance to solve such problem once for all instead of pursuiting the old tedious and time-consuming procedure, i.e., by solving the problem layer by layer. 相似文献
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本文应用随机平均原理研究了在随机载荷作用下具有随机抗裂特性的构件所含半椭圆型表面裂纹的疲劳扩展。导出了支配半椭圆型表面裂纹尺寸的转移概率密度的FPK方程,给出了裂纹扩展方程在表面和深度两个方向互不耦合情形下的解析解。通过数例详细考察了具有确定性抗裂特性的构件所含半椭圆型表面疲劳裂纹在平稳窄带高斯应力作用下的扩展行为,并有和数字模拟验证方法的有效性。 相似文献
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本文通过试验研究了35CrMo 合金钢三点弯曲试样疲劳短裂纹的扩展特性;用电测法得到了裂尖处的载荷—应变标定关系。试验结果表明,短裂纹的扩展速率正比于局部应力幅的幂次和裂纹长度,即 da/dN=A(?),可以较好地描述疲劳短裂纹的扩展规律。 相似文献