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基于三相球模型确定泡沫塑料有效模量 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过复合材料三相球模型确定泡沫塑料的体积模量、剪切模量、杨氏模量和泊松比等材料等参数与材料孔隙比的关系,并将该文结果同微分法得到的结果进行了对比;结果表明:三相球模型确定的材料参数在相同孔隙比情况下,一般都高于微分法确定的结果,两种方法得到的有效剪切模量和杨氏模量差异较小,而体积模量和泊松比则差异较大,然而,由三相球模型确定的泡沫塑料杨氏模量仍可与实验较好地符合。此外,该文结果也同现有的理论及实验 相似文献
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影像云纹法测量材料泊松比的实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文讨论了一种测量非金属材料泊松比的新方法——影像云纹法,研究了几种数据处理的办法及引起误差的原因.本方法可用来测量线弹性和线粘弹性材料的泊松比。 相似文献
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光测实验技术在现代力学研究中得到了广泛的应用。对于材料力学参数如杨氏模量和泊松比的测量,可利用典型加载试验如拉伸试验、弯曲试验并结合光测方法(如云纹和数字图像相关技术)得到位移值,利用载荷信息和应变场信息通过计算获得相关的力学参数。本文利用虚位移场方法测量石墨材料的力学参数。结合石墨材料的三点弯曲实验,由数字图像相关法测量得到试件表面的非均匀变形场。通过选择两组不同的虚位移场,可以反算出材料的力学参数:杨氏模量和泊松比。结果表明这种方法可以有效测量石墨材料的弹性参数。该方法可望在材料力学行为检测中得到推广应用。 相似文献
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材料的弹性模量和泊松比是材料表征的重要力学参数,传统的压缩试验需要同时测量荷载、压缩和横向变形,才能实现对弹性模量和泊松比的同时测量。本文从Hertz接触理论出发,推导出弹性圆柱体在侧向压缩下的位移-力关系公式,在该关系式中位移与力的关系除与试件的几何尺寸相关外,还取决于材料的弹性模量和泊松比。因此,可以通过对侧向压缩试验测得的力-位移关系进行非线性拟合,得到材料的弹性模量和泊松比。本文通过对硅胶材料开展轴向与侧向压缩试验,对比两种试验测量得到的弹性模量和泊松比,结果较为一致,验证了本文提出方法的可行性。对于模量较小的软物质,因加载过程的荷载常常较小,系统测量的位移可代表试件的变形位移,故本文提出的新测量方法特别适合应用于该类型材料的相关性能测量。 相似文献
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对激光干涉测速中信号丢失现象的分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
分析了当应用任意反射面速度干涉仪(VISAR)测量强冲击波作用下样品自由面速度时丢失部分测量信号的问题。除了普遍的光电系统有限频率响应以及数字示波器采样率的影响,主要考虑了干涉仪延迟时间、多模光纤的多模色散对测量信号的影响。干涉仪延迟时间导致速度历史与一个宽度为延迟时间的矩形函数进行卷积,使速度历史的高频细节丢失;多模色散导致干涉信号与某一梳状函数进行卷积,使高频干涉条纹丢失。对丢条纹的整数性进行了分析。 相似文献
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为了找出光纤传感器弯曲损耗与岩层变形破坏过程中变形的关系 ,在相似材料模型铺设过程中将光纤传感器埋入在层合材料之间。研究了相似材料模拟实验中 ,光纤与模型岩层的相互作用机理 ,光纤与模型岩层的相容性 ,以及提高二者相容性的方法 ;并设计了一种基于光时域反射技术的新型微弯光纤传感器 ,用于相似材料模型的应变、位移检测中。实验研究表明 ,这种传感器结构不仅能实现对岩体变形的监测 ,而且在该情况下传感器不会失效 ,具有较好的相容性。构建了岩体光纤检测的理论基础 相似文献
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负泊松比材料和结构的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
负泊松比材料和结构具有特殊的力学性能,在单轴压力(拉力)作用下发生横向收缩(膨胀).其在抗剪承载力、抗断裂性、能量吸收和压陷阻力等方面比传统材料更有优势,因而负泊松比材料在医疗设备、传感器、防护设备、航空航海及国防工程等领域有广泛的应用前景,但目前负泊松比材料的应用与普及仍面临一些挑战.本文广泛讨论了国内外关于负泊松比材料的研究成果并介绍了负泊松比材料的最新进展,将负泊松比材料大体概括为以下4类:天然负泊松比材料、胞状负泊松比材料、金属负泊松比材料、多重和复合负泊松比材料.主要介绍了各种负泊松比材料的内部结构、负泊松比机理、力学性能以及在各行各业的新发明、新应用.针对目前负泊松比材料研究理论和实验成果多,而实际应用仍然较少的情况,指出了负泊松比材料的缺点及其推广所面临的挑战.目前负泊松比材料面临的主要问题是制造成本高、孔隙率大而承载力不足以及仅适用于小应变情况等.本文针对此情况详细介绍了金属负泊松比材料及其设计和制作的方法,改善负泊松比材料的不足并推广其应用. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study is to develop a method for measuring elastic constants using a LFB acoustic microscope. For this
purpose, a theoretical procedure for the estimation of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio is introduced based on elastic
theory. According to this procedure, experimental velocity measurement and elastic constants estimation are made by use of
a LFB acoustic microscope. For the confirmation of the availability of this method, the estimated elastic constant is compared
to measurements of elastic constants by other methods. The resulting estimated values of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio
obtained by the LFB acoustic microscope are highly accurate which confirms the usefulness of the elastic constant measurement
system.
T. Mihara is Research Associate, and M. Obata (former SEM Member), deceased, was Professor, Department of Materials Processing,
Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba, Sendai, 980, Japan. 相似文献
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M. Hayes 《Journal of Elasticity》1972,2(2):135-141
Summary For homogeneous isotropic elastic materials there are simple interrelations connecting Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, the rigidity modulus and the modulus of compression. However for anisotropic materials the situation is quite different. Young's modulus is a function of direction and Poisson's ratio and the rigidity modulus are functions of pairs of orthogonal directions. Here some simple universal connexions between the moduli for various directions are simply derived for general anisotropic materials. No particular symmetry is assumed in the material. 相似文献
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胞体椭球比对泡沫塑料力学性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过数值法研究了胞体椭球比对材料模量及泊松比的影响;在单向受力情况下,研究了变形对材料孔隙度、椭球比、杨氏模量和泊松比等材料参数的影响。 相似文献
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砂岩岩石力学参数各向异性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对胜利油田不同深度的四口井的砂岩岩芯进行了三轴压缩试验和动态岩石力学参数试验。根据获得的垂直地层方向和平行地层方向的试验数据,计算了各岩石力学参数的各向异性系数。通过分析围压以及深度对各向异性系数的影响,给出了砂岩峰值强度各项异性系数、静泊松比各向异性系数、纵波波速各向异性系数、纵横波速比和动泊松比各向异性系数与深度的拟合公式。发现峰值强度、纵波波速和纵横波速比的各向异性系数都随着深度的增加而减小,而泊松比各向异性系数随着深度的增加而增大。动、静弹性模量各向异性系数与深度相关性都很差,动弹性模量各向异性较弱,静弹性模量相对较强。 相似文献
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Zhang Zhennan Ge Xiurun Li Yonghe 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》2006,19(3):196-202
Only two macroscopic parameters are needed to describe the mechanical properties of linear elastic solids, i.e. the Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus. Correspondingly, there should be two microscopic parameters to determine the mechanical properties of material if the macroscopic mechanical properties of linear elastic solids are derived from the microscopic level. Enlightened by this idea, a multiscale mechanical model for material, the virtual multi-dimensional internal bonds (VMIB) model, is proposed by incorporating a shear bond into the virtual internal bond (VIB) model. By this modification, the VMIB model associates the macro mechanical properties of material with the microscopic mechanical properties of discrete structure and the corresponding relationship between micro and macro parameters is derived. The tensor quality of the energy density function, which contains coordinate vector, is mathematically proved. Prom the point of view of VMIB, the macroscopic nonlinear behaviors of material could be attributed to the evolution of virtual bond distribution density induced by the imposed deformation. With this theoretical hypothesis, as an application example, a uniaxial compressive failure of brittle material is simulated. Good agreement between the experimental results and the simulated ones is found. 相似文献
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The emerging ultralightweight material, carbon foam, was modeled with three-dimensional microstructures to develop a basic understanding in correlating microstructural configuration with bulk performance of open-cell foam materials. Because of the randomness and complexity of the microstructure of the carbon foam, representative cell ligaments were first characterized in detail at the microstructural level. The salient microstructural characteristics (or properties) were then correlated with the bulk properties through the present model. In order to implement the varying anisotropic nature of material properties in the foam ligaments, we made an attempt to use a finite element method to implement such variation along the ligaments as well as at a nodal point where the ligaments meet. The model was expected to provide a basis for establishing a process-property relationship and optimizing foam properties.The present model yielded a fairly reasonable prediction of the effective bulk properties of the foams. We observed that the effective elastic properties of the foams were dominated by the bending mode associated with shear deformation. The effective Young's modulus of the foam was strongly influenced by the ligament moduli, but was not influenced by the ligament Poisson's ratio. The effective Poisson's ratio of the foam was practically independent of the ligament Young's modulus, but dependent on the ligament Poisson's ratio. The effective Young's modulus of the carbon foam was dependent more on the transverse Young's modulus and the shear moduli of the foam ligaments, but less significantly on the ligament longitudinal Young's modulus. A parametric study indicated that the effective Young's modulus was significantly improved by increasing the solid modulus in the middle of the foam ligaments, but nearly invariant with that at the nodal point where the ligaments meet. Therefore, appropriate processing schemes toward improving the transverse and shear properties of the foam ligaments in the middle section of the ligaments rather than at the nodal points are highly desirable for enhancing the bulk moduli of the carbon foam. 相似文献
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An optical Transparent Indenter Measurement (TIM) method was developed for measurement of material surface mechanical properties.
During the spherical indentation test, in-situ measurements of indentation-induced surface out-of-plane displacements were
obtained using an integrated phase-shifting Twyman-Green interferometer. Based on elastic recovery theory and 2D finite element
analyses, a procedure was developed to determine the material Young's modulus using the measured surface out-of-plane displacements.
During the spherical indentation test, contact radii were also measured and used to estimate the material post-yielding true
stress-strain curve using Tabor's empirical relation. An experimental TIM apparatus was assembled to test on two engineering
alloys and the results showed good agreement with known material properties. 相似文献