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1.
描述大应变率范围下材料响应的粘塑性本构模型   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以位错动力学理论中的Orwan和Gilman关系为基础建立描述率相关材料非弹性响应的基本方程,选择材料准静态实验的单轴响应作为强化演化的规律,并考虑应变率敏感程度随变形产生变化的特性,建立了适用于大应变率范围内率相关材料的统一型粘塑性本构模型。对铝1100-0在应变率范围10-5~104s-1内产生的有限塑性应变的单轴响应进行了理论预测,与Khan和Huang[1]的实验数据及模型预测结果进行了比较,结果表明本文模型具有较高的预测精度,在高应变率和较大应变下不容忽视率敏感参数随变形的变化。  相似文献   

2.
本文提出了用Almansi应变张量进行光塑性三维应变场求解的方法.为了便于工程应用,进一步提出了工程应变求解方法.用所提出的方法在连杆上进行了塑性成形后的变形场研究.  相似文献   

3.
有限弹塑性变形中应变及应变率的分解   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
本文对有限弹塑性变形中关于应变及应变率的分解问题进行了系统的评述。在讨论各派理论的基础上提出了我们的观点,并从缺陷场论角度研究了不协调塑性场的应变率分解。  相似文献   

4.
本文首先引入岩石塑性应变梯度理论,地下隧道受开挖的影响,岩石的原岩应力重新分布,靠近隧道岩石变形局部化,往往出现塑性变形区,作者进一步论证了,靠近隧道岩石在建立地下震动作用下的数学力学模型时须考虑塑性应变梯度,进而从地下隧道弹塑性区内抽象出一个单元体,这个单元体在地震横波作用下受力状态必须是纯剪应力状态,并假设岩石的力学本构关系为双线性,建立了单元体在地震横波作用下受力状态必然是纯剪应力状态,并假设岩石的力学本构关系为双线性,建立了单元体数学力学模型,推导出软化区的宽度为α(α=2πl),基于上述,最后解决了地下隧道失稳破坏的力学机理。  相似文献   

5.
针对岩石类材料,试图在关联Drucker-Prager条件下建立更一般化的等效塑性应变定义方法,并研究等效塑性应变系数在塑性变形过程中的变化。首先列举了国内外常用的等效塑性应变定义方法,并分析了它们的不合理性。然后从等效应力和等效塑性应变的定义出发,推导出关联Drucker-Prager条件下等效塑性应变系数。结合室内致密砂岩三轴压缩试验,以塑性体应变为内变量,研究了致密砂岩峰后内摩擦角和粘聚力随内变量的变化,进而研究了等效塑性应变系数随塑性变形的变化。研究发现:等效塑性应变系数依赖于屈服准则的选取,等效塑性应变系数为(2/3)~(1/2)是Mises屈服准则下的特例;关联Drucker-Prager条件下等效塑性应变系数C(2/3)~(1/2),并且随着塑性变形的发展而减小最终趋于稳定值;对于岩石类材料,很多有限元软件中不区分具体情况而直接选用C=(2/3)~(1/2)计算等效塑性应变存在较大的误差。  相似文献   

6.
金属材料的塑性流动行为依赖于温度和应变率,温度和应变率敏感性是金属材料塑性流动的最重要的本质特性之一,建立合适的热黏塑性本构关系来准确描述金属塑性流动行为的温度和应变率依赖性,是金属材料能被广泛应用的必要前提。为此,对金属热黏塑性本构关系的最新研究进展进行了综述,介绍了常见的几种金属热黏塑性本构关系并进行了详细讨论,给出了各本构关系的优势与不足,最后系统介绍了包含金属塑性流动行为中出现的第三型应变时效、或K-W锁位错结构引起的流动应力随温度变化出现的反常应力峰以及拉压不对称等行为的金属热黏塑性本构关系的研究进展。  相似文献   

7.
为了了解金属材料在极端加载下复杂动态响应过程中的多种机制和效应,重点针对Al材料在高压、高应变率加载下的塑性变形机制,在经典晶体塑性模型的基础上,对其中的非线性弹性、位错动力学和硬化形式进行改进,建立适用于高压、高应变率加载下的热弹-黏塑性晶体塑性模型。该模型可以较好地描述单晶铝和多晶铝材料屈服强度随压力的变化过程,相比宏观模型,用该模型还获得了多晶Al材料在冲击加载下的织构演化规律,揭示了织构择优取向行为和压力的关系。  相似文献   

8.
在金属晶体材料高应变率大应变变形过程中,存在强烈的位错胞尺寸等微观结构特征长度细化现象,势必对材料加工硬化、宏观塑性流动应力产生重要影响。基于宏观塑性流动应力与位错胞尺寸成反比关系,提出了一种新型的BCJ本构模型。利用位错胞尺寸参数,修正了BCJ模型的流动法则、内变量演化方程,引入了考虑应变率和温度相关性的位错胞尺寸演化方程,建立了综合考虑微观结构特征长度演化、位错累积与湮灭的内变量黏塑性本构模型。应用本文模型,对OFHC铜应变率在10-4~103 s-1、温度在298~542 K、应变在0~1的实验应力-应变数据进行了预测。结果表明:在较宽应变率、温度和应变范围内,本文模型的预测数据与实验吻合很好;与BCJ模型相比,对不同加载条件下实验数据的预测精度均有较大程度的提高,最大平均相对误差从9.939%减小为5.525%。  相似文献   

9.
郭宇  庄茁  李晓雁 《力学学报》2006,38(3):398-406
对纳米尺度单晶铜的剪切变形进行了分子动力学(MD)模拟.模拟结果表明,单晶铜的剪切屈服应力随模型几何尺度的增大而降低,而随着应变率的增大而升高.基于位错形核理论,建立了一个修正的指数法则来描述面心立方(FCC)金属的尺度效应,该法则与较大尺度范围内(从纳米到毫米以上)的数值模拟结果以及实验数据都符合得比较好.另外,MD模拟中发现单晶铜存在一个临界应变率,当施加的应变率小于该值,剪切屈服应力几乎不随应变率变化而变化;当大于该值,剪切屈服应力会随着应变率的增加迅速升高.最后根据模拟的结果建立了单晶铜和单晶镍塑性屈服强度的应变率响应模型.  相似文献   

10.
固体力学研究者致力于具有应力-应变本构关系(以下简称为形变型本构关系)的变形体的力学响应研究,而流体力学研究者致力于具有应力-应变率本构关系(以下简称为流动型本构关系)的流动体的力学响应研究。当涉及结构和材料的动态塑性时,到底应该用“塑性变形”还是“塑性流动”来表示?本文从宏观塑性本构理论和微观位错动力学机理两个角度,分别讨论并指出塑性本构关系属于流动型黏塑性率相关本构关系,且同时适用于加载和卸载;因而不应该用应力-应变图来描述塑性加-卸载过程。弹塑性本构关系则是一种形变型和流动型本构关系的耦合。  相似文献   

11.
The rate-type constitutive relations of rate-independent metals with isotropic or kinematic hardening at finite elastic–plastic deformations were presented through a phenomenological approach. This approach includes the decomposition of finite deformation into elastic and plastic parts, which is different from both the elastic–plastic additive decomposition of deformation rate and Lee’s elastic–plastic multiplicative decomposition of deformation gradient. The objectivity of the constitutive relations was dealt with in integrating the constitutive equations. A new objective derivative of back stress was proposed for kinematic hardening. In addition, the loading criteria were discussed. Finally, the stress for simple shear elastic–plastic deformation was worked out.  相似文献   

12.
In metal grains one of the most important failure mechanisms involves shear band localization. As the band width is small, the deformations are affected by material length scales. To study localization in single grains a rate-dependent crystal plasticity formulation for finite strains is presented for metals described by the reformulated Fleck–Hutchinson strain gradient plasticity theory. The theory is implemented numerically within a finite element framework using slip rate increments and displacement increments as state variables. The formulation reduces to the classical crystal plasticity theory in the absence of strain gradients. The model is used to study the effect of an internal material length scale on the localization of plastic flow in shear bands in a single crystal under plane strain tension. It is shown that the mesh sensitivity is removed when using the nonlocal material model considered. Furthermore, it is illustrated how different hardening functions affect the formation of shear bands.  相似文献   

13.
A new crystal plasticity model incorporating the mechanically induced martensitic transformation in metastable austenitic steel has been formulated and implemented into the finite element analysis. The kinetics of martensite transformation is modeled by taking into consideration of a nucleation-controlled phenomenon, where each potential martensitic variant based on Kurdjumov–Sachs (KS) relationship has different nucleation probability as a function of the interaction energy between externally applied stress and lattice deformation. Therefore, the transformed volume fractions are determined following selective variants given by the crystallographic orientation of austenitic matrix and applied stress in the frame of the crystal plasticity finite element. The developed finite element program is capable of considering the effect of volume change by the Bain deformation and the lattice-invariant shear during the martensitic transformation by effectively modifying the evolution of plastic deformation gradient of the conventional rate-dependent crystal plasticity finite element. The validation of the proposed model has been carried out by comparing with the experimentally measured data under simple loading conditions. Good agreements with the measurements for the stress–strain responses, transformed martensitic volume fractions and the influence of strain rate on the deformation behavior will enable the model to be promising for the future applications to the real forming process of the TRIP aided steel.  相似文献   

14.
梯度塑性的有限元分析及应变局部化模拟   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
对梯度塑性连续体提出了一个有限元方法.内状态变量的Laplacian的确定基于它在求积点邻域的最小二乘方多项式近似.具体地考虑了具有一点求积和Hourglass控制特点的基于胡海昌-Washizu变分原理的混合应变元和单元平均意义下的von-Mises屈服准则.解析地导出了梯度塑性下一致性单元切线刚度矩阵和速率本构方程的一致性积分算法.在所建议的非局部化途径中求积点的一致性条件在非局部化意义下逐点精确满足.数值例题表明所提出的非经典连续体的有限元方法求解应变局部化问题的有效性  相似文献   

15.
详细介绍了镍基合金的晶体塑性本构模型,在Asaro大变形晶体塑性框架下, 详细介绍了镍基合金的晶体塑性本构模型,在Asaro大变形晶体塑性框架下, 引入了运动硬化规律,考虑了温度和应变率对晶体塑性变形的影响,通过针对每个滑移系考虑屈 服准则和流动规律建立了晶体塑性模型. 对积分过程进行了推导,通过编写ABAQUS材料用 户子程序(UMAT), 实现本构模型的有限元积分算法. 在此基础上模拟了DD3镍基单晶合金在 单轴拉伸和循环载荷下的响应,并与实验数据进行了对比. 利用该模型可以很好地 模拟镍基单晶所具有的各向异性特性,体现了镍基单晶在循环载荷作用下的拉-压不对称性.  相似文献   

16.
晶体塑性变形离散滑移模型及有限元分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
基于韧性单晶体实验现象,建立了描述晶体塑性变形的离散滑移模型.该模型的主要特点是:晶体滑移变形在宏观上是不均匀的,滑移带的分布是离散的.利用晶体塑性理论对模型进行了有限变形有限元分析,计算结果揭示了晶体滑移的离散行为,模拟的应力 应变曲线与实验曲线相吻合  相似文献   

17.
A large strain elastic-viscoplastic self-consistent (EVPSC) model for polycrystalline materials is developed. At single crystal level, both the rate sensitive slip and twinning are included as the plastic deformation mechanisms, while elastic anisotropy is accounted for in the elastic moduli. The transition from single crystal plasticity to polycrystal plasticity is based on a completely self-consistent approach. It is shown that the differences in the predicted stress-strain curves and texture evolutions based on the EVPSC and the viscoplastic self-consistent (VPSC) model proposed by Lebensohn and Tomé (1993) are negligible at large strains for monotonic loadings. For the deformations involving unloading and strain path changes, the EVPSC predicts a smooth elasto-plastic transition, while the VPSC model gives a discontinuous response due to lack of elastic deformation. It is also demonstrated that the EVPSC model can capture some important experimental features which cannot be simulated by using the VPSC model.  相似文献   

18.
Strain gradient plasticity for finite deformations is addressed within the framework of nonlocal continuum thermodynamics, featured by the concepts of (nonlocality) energy residual and globally simple material. The plastic strain gradient is assumed to be physically meaningful in the domain of particle isoclinic configurations (with the director vector triad constant both in space and time), whereas the objective notion of corotational gradient makes it possible to compute the plastic strain gradient in any domain of particle intermediate configurations. A phenomenological elastic–plastic constitutive model is presented, with mixed kinematic/isotropic hardening laws in the form of PDEs and related higher order boundary conditions (including those associated with the moving elastic/plastic boundary). Two fourth-order projection tensor operators, functions of the elastic and plastic strain states, are shown to relate the skew-symmetric parts of the Mandel stress and back stress to the related symmetric parts. Consistent with the thermodynamic restrictions therein derived, the flow laws for rate-independent associative plasticity are formulated in a six-dimensional tensor space in terms of symmetric parts of Mandel stresses and related work-conjugate generalized plastic strain rates. A simple shear problem application is presented for illustrative purposes.  相似文献   

19.
We present a systematic investigation on the strain hardening and texture evolution in high manganese steels where twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) plays a significant role for the materials' plastic deformation. Motivated by the stress–strain behavior of typical TWIP steels with compositions of Fe, Mn, and C, we develop a mechanistic model to explain the strain-hardening in crystals where deformation twinning dominates the plastic deformation. The classical single crystal plasticity model accounting for both dislocation slip and deformation twinning are then employed to simulate the plastic deformation in polycrystalline TWIP steels. While only deformation twinning is activated for plasticity, the simulations with samples composed of voronoi grains cannot fully capture the texture evolution of the TWIP steel. By including both twinning deformation and dislocation slip, the model is able to capture both the stress–strain behaviors and the texture evolution in Fe–Mn–C TWIP steel in different boundary-value problems. Further analysis on the strain contributions by both mechanisms suggests that deformation twinning plays the dominant role at the initial stage of plasticity in TWIP steels, and dislocation slip becomes increasingly important at large strains.  相似文献   

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