基于遗传算法的弹性地基加肋板肋梁无网格优化分析

基于遗传算法及一阶剪切理论,提出一种弹性地基上加肋板肋条位置优化的无网格方法.首先,通过一系列点来离散平板及肋条,并用弹簧模拟弹性地基,从而得到加肋板的无网格模型;其次,基于一阶剪切理论及移动最小二乘近似原理导出位移场,求出弹性地基加肋板总势能;再次,根据哈密顿原理导出结构的弯曲控制方程,并通过完全转换法处理边界条件;最后,引入遗传算法和改进遗传算法,以肋条的位置为设计变量、弹性地基板的中心点挠度最小值为目标函数,对肋条位置进行优化达到地基板控制点挠度最小的目的.以不同参数、载荷布置形式的弹性地基加肋板为例,与ABAQUS有限元结果及文献解进行比较.研究表明,采用所提出的无网格模型可有效求解弹性地基上加肋板弯曲问题,结果易收敛,同时基于遗传算法与改进混合遗传算法所提出的无网格优化方法均可有效优化弹性地基加肋板肋条位置,后者计算效率相对较高,只进行了三次迭代便可获得稳定的最优解,此外在优化过程中肋条位置改变时只需要重新计算位移转换矩阵,又避免了网格重构.     

基于非线性分析的加肋板肋条位置无网格优化

在加肋板无网格模型中, 肋条的位置对各种工况下加肋板受力性能的影响至关重要. 文章基于一阶剪切变形和移动最小二乘法理论提出一种考虑非线性影响的加肋板无网格模型, 并利用遗传算法优化肋条位置. 首先, 采用离散节点分别对平板和肋条进行离散, 得到加肋板的无网格离散模型; 其次, 通过冯·卡门大挠度理论得到非矩形板几何非线性问题的弯曲控制方程; 再次, 通过哈密顿原理得到加肋非矩形板自由振动问题的控制方程; 最后引入遗传算法, 以肋条的位置为设计变量、非矩形加肋板中心点挠度最小或自振频率最大为目标函数, 对肋条位置进行优化. 在考虑了几何非线性影响的肋条位置优化过程中, 肋条位置改变时只需重新计算位移转换矩阵, 避免了网格重构. 本文以全局荷载下单肋条菱形板为例与理论解进行对比, 进行有效性验证. 再以板的中点挠度最小和自振频率最大为优化目标, 对局部荷载作用下不同形状、不同肋条布置方式的加肋板进行优化, 分析方法的收敛性及稳定性.      

弹性地基上矩形加肋板自由振动分析的无网格法

应用移动最小二乘无网格法研究弹性地基上矩形加肋板的自由振动问题。假设弹性地基与加肋板紧密接触,以弹簧模拟弹性地基,将弹性地基上的加肋板视为板与肋条组合的结构。基于一阶剪切理论,用无网格伽辽金法推出了板和肋条各自的动能与势能;再通过位移协调条件将两者的能量叠加,得到了弹性地基上整个加肋板的动能与势能。由Hamilton原理导出了弹性地基上加肋板自由振动的控制方程。采用完全转换法引入边界条件,求解自由振动方程,并编制了计算程序,给出了算例。将算例与ABAQUS有限元解及已有文献结果进行了比较分析,其相对误差均在5%以内,验证了该方法计算弹性地基上矩形加肋板结构自振频率的有效性。     

基于无网格法的弹性地基加肋斜板频率数值解

为了给实际地基工程中的经济效益提供技术指标参考，应用无网格法计算加肋斜板在地基上的自由振动行为，应用移动最小二乘近似MLS和一阶剪切变形原理描述加肋斜板的位移场，分别建立斜板与肋条的势能泛函，使用Winkler弹性地基模型处理加肋板与地基之间的接触势能。通过斜板与肋条的位移协调关系寻找斜板和肋条节点参数转换公式，确立加肋斜板的自由振动控制方程。本文运用了无网格法的优势，即使肋条位置改变也不需重置网格。与有限元解的对比验证了本文方法的有效性和精确性。     

基于无网格法的弹性地基加肋斜板频率数值解

为了给实际地基工程中的经济效益提供技术指标参考,应用无网格法计算加肋斜板在地基上的自由振动行为,应用移动最小二乘近似MLS和一阶剪切变形原理描述加肋斜板的位移场,分别建立斜板与肋条的势能泛函,使用Winkler弹性地基模型处理加肋板与地基之间的接触势能。通过斜板与肋条的位移协调关系寻找斜板和肋条节点参数转换公式,确立加肋斜板的自由振动控制方程。本文运用了无网格法的优势,即使肋条位置改变也不需重置网格。与有限元解的对比验证了本文方法的有效性和精确性。     

矩形加肋板线性弯曲分析的移动最小二乘无网格法

提出了一种求解矩形加肋板线性弯曲问题的移动最小二乘无网格法。将矩形加肋板模拟成平板与肋条组成的复合结构。先基于一阶剪切变形理论,由移动最小二乘近似建立板和肋条的位移场,再利用板与肋条叠合处的位移协调条件,推导肋条与板的节点参数转换方程,最后利用此方程将板与肋条的应变能叠加,推导出整个加肋板的刚度方程。由于本文提出的加肋板无网格模型中不涉及到网格,肋条不必像有限元那样必须沿网格线布置,肋条位置的改变也不会导致板网格的重新划分。文末算例表明由本文方法得到的解与采用实体单元得到的ANSYS有限元解吻合良好,证明了本文方法的准确性。     

基于无网格及混合遗传算法的矩形加肋板肋条布置优化

将加肋板看作板与梁的结合体,基于无网格法并结合遗传算法,对矩形加肋板的肋条布置位置开展了优化,使加肋板在横向荷载的作用下中心点挠度最小。相较于传统有限元方法,利用本文的无网格法对加肋板进行肋条位置优化分析不需要对网格进行重构,离散在板与肋条上的节点始终不需要发生改变。本文在遗传算法的基础上加入了约束随机方向法形成混合遗传算法,使收敛速度加快,计算的重复率降低,遗传算法计算代数明显降低至两三代便可以得到较好的结果。     

弹性地基加肋功能梯度板自由振动分析的无网格法

基于一阶剪切变形理论和移动最小二乘近似研究Winkler弹性地基上加肋功能梯度板的固有频率。假设功能梯度板的材料性质沿厚度方向按幂函数连续变化,基于物理中面和移动最小二乘近似分别推导功能梯度板和肋条的动能和势能,再通过引入位移协调条件,建立板和肋条节点参数转换关系,叠加两者的总能量,然后利用Hamilton原理推导加肋功能梯度板自由振动控制方程。采用完全转换法施加边界条件。通过将本文的计算结果与有限元以及文献的结果对比,验证方法的收敛性以及准确性。     

基于无网格法的非均匀弹性地基上变厚度加筋板弯曲与固有频率分析

采用基于移动最小二乘近似的无网格方法并结合一阶剪切变形理论,分析了非均匀弹性地基上变厚度加筋板的弯曲和固有频率问题.首先,用节点对变厚度板和筋条分别进行离散,导出变厚度板和筋条的势能;其次,利用筋条与变厚度板之间的位移协调条件将筋条的节点参数转换为板的节点参数,再将两者的势能进行叠加得到变厚度加筋板的总势能,并根据能量法得到其动能;最后,利用最小势能原理及Hamilton原理分别得到弯曲控制方程与振动控制方程.由于采用的方法不能直接施加位移边界,故采用完全转换法处理位移边界.本文先计算变厚度板的弯曲及非均匀弹性地基板的固有频率,与文献对比验证方法的有效性;然后对非均匀弹性地基上变厚度加筋板弯曲与 自由振动进行了计算,并将计算结果与有限元结果进行了对比.结果表明,本文方法计算所得结果与文献解及有限元结果之间的误差均小于5％,验证了该方法在计算非均匀弹性地基上变厚度加筋板弯曲与固有频率问题的有效性.     

弹性半空间地基上预应力中厚矩形板的弯曲

基于Reissner-Mindlin一阶剪切变形理论,讨论在预加面内机械荷载或预加温度场作用下,弹性半空间地基上四边自由中厚矩形板的弯曲问题。把地基看作三维弹性半空间体,考虑地基变形的衰减。用一组数学上完备的二元多项式作为位形函数,采用pb-2 Rayleigh-Ritz法求得四边自由中厚矩形板的挠度和弯矩,并讨论了初应力对板的挠度和弯矩的影响。     

Bending of orthotropic plates resting on Pasternak’s foundations using mixed shear deformation theory

The mixed first-order shear deformation plate theory(MFPT) is employed to study the bending response of simply-supported orthotropic plates.The present plate is subjected to a mechanical load and resting on Pasternak’s model or Winkler’s model of elastic foundation or without any elastic foundation.Several examples are presented to verify the accuracy of the present theory.Numerical results for deflection and stresses are presented.The proposed MFPT is shown simplely to implement and capable of giving satisfactory results for shear deformable plates under static loads and resting on two-parameter elastic foundation.The results presented here show that the characteristics of deflection and stresses are significantly influenced by the elastic foundation stiffness,plate aspect ratio and side-to-thickness ratio.     

On the simple and mixed first-order theories for functionally graded plates resting on elastic foundations

In this article, the bending response of a functionally graded plate resting on elastic foundations and subjected to a transverse mechanical load is investigated. An accurate solution for the functionally graded plate with simply supported edges resting on elastic foundations is presented. The interaction between the plate and the elastic foundations is considered and included in the equilibrium equations. Pasternak’s model is used to describe the two-parameter elastic foundations, and get a special case of Winkler’s model by considering one-parameter of elastic foundation. A relationship between the simple and mixed first-order transverse shear deformation theories is presented. Numerical results for deflections and stresses of functionally graded plates are investigated. Comparisons between the results of the simple and mixed first-order theories are made, and appropriate conclusion is formulated. Additional boundary conditions at the edges of the present plates are investigated.     

The validity range of CPT and Mindlin plate theory in comparison with 3-D vibrational analysis of circular plates on the elastic foundation

The validity and the range of applicability of the classical plate theory (CPT) and the first-order shear deformation plate theory, also called Mindlin plate theory (MPT), in comparison with three-dimensional (3-D) p-Ritz solution are presented for freely vibrating circular plates on the elastic foundation with different boundary conditions. In order to achieve this purpose, a study of the 3-D elasticity solution is carried out to determine the free vibration frequencies of clamped, simply supported and free circular plates resting on an elastic foundation. The Pasternak model with adding a shear layer to the Winkler model is used for describing the elastic foundation. In addition to being employed the p-Ritz algorithm, the analysis is based on the linear, small strain and 3-D elasticity theory. In this analysis method, a set of orthogonal polynomial series in a cylindrical polar coordinate system is used to arrive eigenvalue equation yielding the natural frequencies for the circular plates. The accuracy of these results is verified by appropriate convergence studies and checked with the available literature and the MPT. Furthermore, the effect of the foundation stiffness parameters, thickness-radius ratio, and different boundary conditions on the ill-conditioning of the mass matrix as well as on the vibration behavior of the circular plates is investigated. Afterwards, the validity and the range of applicability of the results obtained on the basis of the CPT and MPT for a thin and moderately thick circular plate with different values of the foundation stiffness parameters are graphically presented through comparing them with those obtained by the present 3-D p-Ritz solution. Finally, the phenomenon of mode shape switching is investigated in graphical forms for a wide range of the Winkler foundation stiffness parameters.     

SEMI-ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR FREE VIBRATION OF THICK FUNCTIONALLY GRADED PLATES RESTED ON ELASTIC FOUNDATION WITH ELASTICALLY RESTRAINED EDGE

This paper deals with free vibration analysis of functionally graded thick circular plates resting on the Pasternak elastic foundation with edges elastically restrained against translation and rotation.Governing equations are obtained based on the first order shear deformation theory(FSDT) with the assumption that the mechanical properties of plate materials vary continuously in the thickness direction.A semi-analytical approach named differential transform method is adopted to transform the differential governing equations into algebraic recurrence equations.And eigenvalue equation for free vibration analysis is solved for arbitrary boundary conditions.Comparison between the obtained results and the results from analytical method confirms an excellent accuracy of the present approach.Afterwards,comprehensive studies on the FG plates rested on elastic foundation are presented.The effects of parameters,such as thickness-to-radius,material distribution,foundation stiffness parameters,different combinations of constraints at edges on the frequency,mode shape and modal stress are also investigated.     

Static analysis of rectangular thick plates resting on two-parameter elastic boundary strips

In this paper, the Generalized Differential Quadrature (GDQ) method is used to obtain bending solution of moderately thick rectangular plates. The plate is resting on two-parameter elastic (Pasternak) foundation or strips with a finite width. Various combinations of clamped, simply supported and free boundary conditions are considered. According to the first-order shear deformation theory, the governing equations of the problem consist of three second-order partial differential equations (PDEs) in terms of displacement and rotations of the plate. The governing equations and solution domain is discretized based on the GDQ method. It is demonstrated that the method converges rapidly while providing accurate results with relatively small number of grid points. Accuracy of the results is examined using available data in the literature for Pasternak foundation. Furthermore, due to lack of data for Pasternak strips, all predictions are verified by finite element analysis which can be used as benchmark in future studies.     

Vibration suppression of magnetostrictive laminated beams resting on viscoelastic foundation

The vibration suppression analysis of a simply-supported laminated composite beam with magnetostrictive layers resting on visco-Pasternak's foundation is presented.The constant gain distributed controller of the velocity feedback is utilized for the purpose of vibration damping.The formulation of displacement field is proposed according to Euler-Bernoulli's classical beam theory(ECBT),Timoshenko's first-order beam theory(TFBT),Reddy's third-order shear deformation beam theory,and the simple sinusoidal shear deformation beam theory.Hamilton's principle is utilized to give the equations of motion and then to describe the vibration of the current beam.Based on Navier's approach,the solution of the dynamic system is obtained.The effects of the material properties,the modes,the thickness ratios,the lamination schemes,the magnitudes of the feedback coefficient,the position of magnetostrictive layers at the structure,and the foundation modules are extensively studied and discussed.