光弹性贴片载波法

本文提出了一种提高测量灵敏度的光弹性贴片法。通过高频条纹调制获取载波条纹图。使贴片的等差效应所反映的力学信息规范化。运用计算机图象处理技术,对载波图自动采集、处理和解调,以获得全场条纹级数。编制了专用软件并以实例说明实验过程。     

干涉云纹光学倍增方法研究

本文提出一种干涉云纹的光学倍增方法。通过给由试件变形引起的云纹图施加一定频率的载波条纹，用具有高分辨率的记录介质记录这一附加有载波的云纹图，经处理后，记录介质相当于一个频率较低的转移变形试件栅，把它放到云纹干涉光路系统中作为试件栅，当对称入射的双光束在其上形成的虚参考栅频率为原载波条纹频率的２ｎ倍时，就可以得到倍增为２ｎ倍后的载荷条纹，使相应的测量灵敏度提高２ｎ倍。文中对这一方法进行了理论分析和实验验证。     

剪切散斑中新的相移技术及其在泵体上的应用研究

本文实现了一种新的剪切散斑干涉技术的载波方法.其特点是通过移动剪切棱镜,而产生载波条纹来调制变形条纹.然后,利用傅立叶变换法解调出变形条纹,获得全场位相图.本文介绍了这种载波相移技术的原理,并且对该载波技术的原理进行了推导.最后将该方法运用到舰用主泵体的离面位移导数(应变)测量上.     

文献摘要

量测挠度的全息干涉图的数字化Gilbert,J.A.,Dudderar,T.D.,Mattys,DR.,Chern.J.H.,Digitization of HolograpicInterferograms for Deflection Measurement.Procedings of The SEM Spring Conferenceon Experimental Mechanios.294—301.本文讨论自动采集和分析全息干涉数据所需的载波条纹技术的基本原理.一个监视二维实时立即处理图片的实用方法.收集载波条纹的背景强度以及变形/载波条纹图,一个高分辨率的电视摄象机/电子组件使得所得的二维光强分布数字化和一个用来快速数据换算和整理的计算机.该系统明     

光载波在散斑法全全场分析中的应用

本文提出利用变形物体的刚体位移作为散斑法全场分析的光载波,使难以消除的刚体位移转化成可计算条纹级次的有利因素。讨论了光载波与形变位移、总位移产生的条纹之间的调制关系,对非整数级条纹进行了补偿,提高了散斑法全场分析的精度,为计算机全自动计算全场条纹级次提供了预处理方法,并对一受载剪切墙各点的全场分析的条纹级次进行了具体的计算.     

二维相移逻辑云纹法—条纹图全自动处理的一种方法

本文报告的二维相移逻辑云纹法，可对二维全场条纹图，进行全自动处理。这种方法用了经典云纹的概念，运用了相移的思想，用计算机进行逻辑运算，从而获得了全场条纹图上任意点的信息，为后续的运算提供了方便。这种方法可用于若干种条纹图的处理。     

全息干涉条纹图的计算机自动处理与识别

本文应用数字图象处理与识别技术在IBM-PC/AT微处理计算机图象处理系统上对复杂的全息干涉条纹图进行了自动分析,文中采用二维灰度值检测的方法获取条纹的准峰或谷值二值图形,然后通过细化得到条纹中心,提出了用记忆跟踪算法自动去除毛刺和噪声线段.在用光标进行人机对话标定零级条纹后,可自动识别出其它整数条纹级数.分数级条纹级数可在整数级条纹数据之间进行线性或非线性插值得到.最后给出了全息条纹图分析的实例.     

扫描云纹法中的光载波解调问题研究

本文提出一种新型的光载波技术,扫描云纹被使用为空间相位的探测器,可以用来实时地复原原始条纹.全场条纹级数可以得到快速而精确地自动识别.文中对调制度的概念及应用的充要条件进行了讨论.     

云纹干涉反转倍增法及其在微电子组件变形场测量中应用

本文提出并介绍了云纹干涉反转倍增法，该方法将光学载波、反转剪切、富立叶变换倍增技术巧妙地结合于云纹干涉光路中。利用载波频率，把带载波的云纹干涉变形图在富立叶变换系统中进行条纹倍增，而试样变形信息也倍增了相同倍数，将云纹干涉的测量灵敏度又提高了一个数量级。在实验中实现了１６倍倍增，即位移测量灵敏度由０．４μｍ提高到０．０２５μｍ（虚栅频率１／２４００）。将这一方法用于测量热载下金属Ｎｉ膜／ＺｒＯ２陶瓷基界面裂纹尖端面内位移场，分析裂尖位移奇异性。实验表明：热载作用下，膜／基组件界面裂纹尖端的位移奇异性具有指数奇异特性，其奇异性指数与膜／基材料，界面层特性等有关     

错位散斑云纹法测量应变场

本文建议的错位散斑云纹法是在错位散斑干涉的基础上,通过在光路中附加虚位移的方法获得错位散斑干涉条纹的相减云纹图,从而扣除离面位移导数,获得单纯的面内位移导数场即应变场。典型实验证实这一方法可以有效地获取全场应变条纹图。     

光载波条纹图的锁相处理

本文提出了光载波条纹图的锁相处理方法,以对光载波条纹图作精确定位。给出了适合于计算机处理的离散递归实现步骤。在非线性模型下对定位精确度作了详细分析。实验结果表明,当暂态影响衰减后,能对条纹图进行精确定位而无稳态误差,对断裂条纹的大范围补偿也取得了较好的效果。     

一种通过条纹方向图提取散斑条纹中心线的方法

在光测力学中,如何从单幅散斑干涉条纹图中消除散斑噪声,高精度自动提取相位信息,是一项较困难的工作。本文提出了一种计算条纹方向的简单算法,以及通过条纹方向图提取散斑条纹中心线的方法。实验表明此方法对高噪声的散斑条纹图非常有效。     

大电流快速加热条件下LY12铝板动态变形的云纹干涉法实验研究

本文研究了中间带孔受拉铝板在大电流热冲击条件下的动态变形测试．在试件表面制作高温高频光栅，预加机械载荷后放入双光束云纹干涉光路中，用大电流加热器对试件进行快速加热，利用高速摄影机拍摄记录试件表面圆孔附近区域干涉条纹的变化情况，同时利用测温系统对试件的温度变化情况进行了测试记录．实验结果表明，用高速拍摄方法摄影热冲击条件下的云纹干涉条纹变化是可行的．     

Fourier-transform moiré method with consideration of misalignment

We have previously proposed a moiré method using the Fourier transform of a fringe or grating line pattern recorded by a TV camera. It performs automated and accurate analysis of displacement, strain, strain rate and height distributions. In the method, the direction of the grating lines before deformation must co-incide with the direction of the scanning lines of the TV camera. In this paper, the method is extended to include the case of misalignment in which the direction of the grating lines is different from that of the scanning lines of the TV camera. By using this method, positioning of the TV camera is simplified because it does not require precise alignment of the TV camera. This method is useful to analyze fringe patterns with carrier fringes that are introduced to aid in the interpolation of brightness distribution.     

Fracture investigation at V-notch tip using coherent gradient sensing (CGS)

Local deformation field and fracture characterization of mode I V-notch tip are studied using coherent gradient sensing (CGS). First, the governing equations that relate to the CGS measurements and the elastic solution at mode I V-notch tip are derived in terms of the stress intensity factor, material constant, notch angle and fringe order. Then, a series of CGS fringe patterns of mode I V-notch are simulated, and the effects of the notch angle on the shape and size of CGS fringe pattern are analyzed. Finally, the local deformation field and fracture characterization of mode I V-notch tip with different V-notch angles are experimentally investigated using three-point-bending specimen via CGS method. The CGS interference fringe patterns obtained from experiments and simulations show a good agreement. The stress intensity factor obtained from CGS measurements shows a good agreement with finite element results under K-dominant assumption.     

混合光载波法分离动静态主应力

本文将等差载波位相调制原理与夹层全息术结合形成的混合光载波法,可同时获得等差载波条纹图与混合载波条纹图.对混合载波纹图进行光学付里叶变换,利用空间滤波技术可将等和载波条纹从中分离出来.利用图象处理技术实现了对两种载波条纹图从预处理到应力计算的自动化处理.将混合光载波法应用于动态全息光弹性,分离了动态主应力. 文中还提出了一个经济实用的大尺寸载波片制作技术.     

The magic of carrier fringes in moiré interferometry

Practical applications in which carrier fringes are used with moiré interferometry for strain measurements are presented. Examples illustrate how moiré carrier fringes are applied to obtain the desired data in complex laminated composite specimens. In many cases, carrier fringes permit extraction of much more detailed information, with procedures that are easier and more accurate than those using loadinduced fringes alone. The fringe vector for carrier fringes is introduced and its application to the interpretation of fringe patterns is explained. In moiré interferometry, the carrier fringes are produced easily by adjustments of optical elements that control the virtual reference grating.     

Three-dimensional stress relief displacement resulting from drilling a blind hole in acrylic

Analyses of optically based, hole-drilling stress measurements require accurate knowledge of the three-dimensional relaxation displacements induced by the drilling of a blind hole into the surface of a stressed object. These displacements are calculated using two closed-form solutions proposed earlier and a numerical finite element technique. Double exposure holographic fringe patterns calculated from the analytic displacements are in poor agreement with those observed in a controlled laboratory calibration experiment on a block of acrylic subject to a known uniaxial compressive stress. However, the fringe positions predicted by the finite element modeling match those obtained from the observed fringe pattern using image-processing procedures, although some drilling-related discrepancies remain near the stress-relieving hole. The stressstrain behavior of acrylic is extremely temperature sensitive; the discrepancies near the stress relief hole may result from drilling induced heat. Despite these near hole disagreements between the predicted and observed fringe patterns, the overall correspondence indicates that the finite element method adequately provides the desired three-dimensional relaxation displacements necessary for determination of stress magnitudes in some blind hole drilling measurements employing coherent optical recording.     

Separation of principal stresses in dynamic photoelasticity

A new and effective method used to separate the transient principal stresses for dynamic photoelasticity is proposed. This is a hybrid method combining the optical method of dynamic caustics and the boundary element numerical method. Firstly, a modified Cranz-Schardin spark camera is used to record simultaneously the isochromatic fringe patterns of photoelasticity and the shadow spot patterns in the dynamic process. By means of the isochromatic fringe patterns, the difference between transient principal stresses in the whole domain and the principal stresses along the free boundary can be solved. In addition, the method of caustics is a very powerful technique for measuring the concentrative load. Then, the sum of the principal stresses is calculated by the boundary integral equation obtained from the Laplace integral transform of the wave equation. So, the transient principal stresses can be determined from the experimental and numerical results. As an example, the transient principal stresses in a polycarbonate disk under an impact load are resolved. Concurrently published in the Chinese Edition of Acta Mechanica Sinica, Vol. 26, No. 1, 1994