首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
隔振系统具有降低振动冲击对惯性仪器影响的重要作用。本文给出干摩擦阻尼隔振系统响应的精确计算方法,并推算出系统响应具有无穷共振峰的参数条件,从而求得系统临界摩擦参数η_(r)=π/4。所得结论有助于干摩擦阻尼隔振器的设计。  相似文献   

2.
连接的存在对结构的动力学响应有重要影响.界面的微观/宏观粘滑运动引起结构刚度和阻尼的非线性.传统的结构动力学研究中通常采用等效线性化的方式处理含连接结构的动响应分析问题.本文从连接界面微/宏观滑移运动引起结构非线性和阻尼迟滞的物理机理出发,利用一种弹簧-滑块并联系统模型模拟界面上的微/宏观粘滑行为,以该模型描述的本构关系为基础,推导了能应用于平面梁结构有限元动响应分析的非线性连接单元.利用上述模型和单元研究了含连接平面梁结构的动响应问题.设计了实验件,进行了力锤冲击实验,并将数值计算结果与实验结果进行了对比和分析.结果表明,界面微/宏观粘滑是引起干摩擦阻尼的主要原因,考虑非线性微/宏观粘滑运动对含连接结构的动响应分析至关重要.本文的模型和方法能够有效地预测含连接结构的非线性动力学响应,特别是在瞬态响应的高振幅阶段.  相似文献   

3.
干摩擦阻尼及其在工程结构被动减振设计中的应用研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
本文在广泛收集有关研究资料基础上,着重总结国外工程领域在工程结构减振或抗震设计方面干摩擦阻尼应用的研究成果.文中首先分析和讨论描述摩擦力变化规律的现有的基本物理模型及其干摩擦系统分析和计算中三种主要方法,其次概括性地介绍干摩擦阻尼在发动机叶片减振、组合结构动力学设计、高层建筑的地震基础隔离及其铁路和公路车辆悬挂系统等主要工程领域内的研究进展  相似文献   

4.
干摩擦振动系统响应计算方法研究综述   总被引:34,自引:2,他引:32  
白鸿柏  黄协清 《力学进展》2001,31(4):527-534
首先讨论了两固体接触表面间的干摩擦力模型,重点介绍了滞 迟摩擦模型方面的研究工作;然后,论述了含有各种干摩擦环节的振 动系统简谐、随机和冲击激励下的响应计算方法,着重讨论了基于滞 迟恢复力模型的响应计算方法,并对各种计算方法的特点进行了评述. 最后,指出了干摩擦振动系统响应计算方法亟待解决的一些重大问题.  相似文献   

5.
本文研究汽轮机干摩擦阻尼器叶片在多谐波激励(第一、二阶低频和第一阶高频)作用下的振动.用平均法求出系统低频谐波的主共振的稳态响应方程;分析了阻尼器参数与响应之间的关系,特别是初压力对抑制叶片共振振动的效果.所得结论对工程应用有一定指导意义。  相似文献   

6.
本文对一种新型塑料加粘弹材料的复合夹芯减振仪表板的动力性能进行了分析,通过振动试验测试了系统的动力响应,分析其响应总均方根和频率特性,表明复合结构粘弹阻尼仪表板系统具有较好的动力性能,可有效地衰减振动能量。根据对不同结构的泡沫塑料复合结构粘弹阻尼仪表板的试验数据进行比较,证实增加粘弹材料,系统的动力性能可以有极大改善。  相似文献   

7.
针对雨刮器建立2自由度非线性摩擦振动动力学模型,基于复模态理论计算复特征值并进行稳定性及其对刮刷速度的依赖性分析;通过数值计算分析摩擦振动对刮刷速度的分岔特性,并利用相轨迹、庞加莱映射、频谱特性分析不同刮刷速度下的非线性振动现象.研究发现:摩擦-速度特性的负斜率是导致系统不稳定的根本原因,增大刮刷速度有利于提高系统的稳定性;在高、低刮速区,随着刮刷速度的下降,系统振动形态遵循周期→准周期→混沌的演化规律,并会伴随显著的粘滑振动;仅高速区的周期振动和非振动条件下,刮刷时无附加的粘滑振动.  相似文献   

8.
车辆-桥梁耦合振动研究具有重要的理论意义和工程实用价值,耦合系统运动方程的建立是研究开展的关键。本文将车辆-桥梁作为一个整体系统,采取轮轨竖向刚性接触方式,考虑轨道竖向、横向不平顺及其一、二阶导数,和轮对侧滚惯性力以及自旋角动量的影响,车辆采用弹簧阻尼连接的多刚体模拟,桥梁采用空间梁单元离散,基于Kalker线性蠕滑理论结合Shen-Hedrick-Elkins修正理论计算轮轨蠕滑力,运用弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理及其对号入座法则,推导了车辆-桥梁耦合系统空间有限元形式的运动方程,该运动方程可采用逐步积分法直接求解得到车辆和桥梁的动力响应。最后,本文给出了典型的数值算例进行了分析计算。  相似文献   

9.
陈祺  占雄  徐鉴 《力学学报》2016,48(4):792-803
近年来,随着移动型机器人设计技术水平的不断提高,其运动形式日趋多样.借助于仿生学的思想,模仿蚯蚓等动物的蠕动成为不少机器人设计者所追求的目标.为了实现这一目标,学者们提出并研究了振动驱动系统.本文研究了各向同性干摩擦下,单模块三相振动驱动系统的粘滑运动.考虑到库伦干摩擦力的不连续性,振动驱动系统属于Filippov系统.基于此,运用Filippov滑移分岔理论,分析了振动驱动系统不同的粘滑运动情况.根据驱动参数的不同,系统运动的滑移区域被分成4种基本情形.对这些情形分类讨论,得到系统的6种运动情况.然后对这6种运动情况进行归纳,最终得出系统一共存在4种不同的粘滑运动,而且也解析地给出了发生这4种粘滑运动的分岔条件.分岔条件包含系统的3个驱动参数,通过变化这些参数,得到了系统运动的分岔图.借助分岔图,详细分析了随着驱动参数的变化,系统如何实现不同粘滑运动类型之间的切换,并从分岔角度给出了相应的物理解释.最后,通过数值方法直接求解原运动方程,数值解法得到的4种运动图像与理论分析一致,验证了系统运动分岔研究的正确性.  相似文献   

10.
人车路系统三维耦合振动分析及舒适度评价   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
张丙强  李亮 《计算力学学报》2013,30(2):302-307,318
基于将车身视作三维弹性梁、车轮为刚性体的全车模型,人体采用坐姿并联动力模型,路面简化成Kelvin地基上的板,通过轮胎的刚性滚子接触模型将车辆与路面耦合在一起,建立起考虑人车、车路耦合作用的用于评价车辆乘坐舒适度的三维人车路耦合系统振动模型,并推导出其运动平衡方程;通过Galerkin法对路面方程进行离散,采用New-mark积分法对耦合系统方程组进行求解,对人车路系统振动响应进行了分析;采用人体加权振动加速度均方根值对车辆乘坐舒适度进行评价,并对系统各参数对车辆乘坐舒适度的影响进行探讨.数值分析表明:传统模型下车辆乘坐舒适度指标与本文模型的指标相差最高可达到约30%;在分析车辆振动响应及乘坐舒适度时,不能忽视车辆与路面、人体与车辆相互作用,系统各参数对车辆乘坐舒适度都有一定程度的影响.  相似文献   

11.
The nonlinear vibration theory and the experimental modal analysis are used in this paper to study the self-excited vibration of the shell-liquid coupled system induced by dry friction. The effect of dry friction stick-slip coefficients and rubbing velocity on self-excited vibration, and the limit cycle and Hopf bifurcation solution of the system are obtained. In particular, it is shown that the phenomenon of 4 point (or 6 point) water droplet spurting of the Chinese cultural relic Dragon Washbasin is the result of the perfect combination of the self-excited vibration induced by dry friction and its special modes, which indicates the significant scientific value of the Chinese cultural relic Dragon Washbasin.  相似文献   

12.
Bogacz  Roman  Ryczek  Boguslaw 《Meccanica》2003,38(6):711-717
The paper deals with investigation of a self-excited vibrating system with dry friction. The system is composed of a mass connected by viscoelastic element with the referring frame and interacting with a moving belt by means of dry friction. An experimentally identified, multi-parametric dry friction model for the pair composed of soft and hard elements like steel–polyester pair, describing both the case of stick-slip and quasi-harmonic vibration, has been applied. Additionally, the system is influenced by external, two-frequency kinematic excitation. The results of computer simulation for different excitation conditions are submitted in the present paper.  相似文献   

13.
Both a test rig and a method are presented for the indoor testing of vibration performances of road vehicle suspension systems. A suspension (corner) has been positioned on a rotating drum (2.6 m diameter) placed in the Laboratory for the Safety of Transport of the Politecnico di Milano. The suspension system is excited by means of cleats fixed to the working surface of the rotating drum. The forces and the moments acting at the suspension-chassis joints are measured in the frequency range 0–120 Hz. Five special six-axis load cells have been conceived, manufactured, calibrated and employed. Transient wheel motions have been recorded. The influence of the vehicle speed on the relevant vibration performance indexes has been assessed. An approach for the identification of the suspension damping characteristics is introduced. A full and accurate characterization of a vehicle suspension system has been performed.  相似文献   

14.
Summary The paper presents a model of the UIC link suspension for freight wagons with emphasis on its longitudinal and lateral characteristics, which influence the lateral dynamics of the vehicle. The functioning of the suspension in the horizontal plane is realised by a number of technical (pivoted) pendulums composing linkages. The main feature of the joints of linkages is internal rolling/sliding in the presence of dry friction. The dissipation of energy by dry friction in the joints is the only source of damping, which influences the lateral dynamics of the vehicle. After detailed modelling of the technical pendulum, phenomenological models of the suspension are built, which reproduce the characteristics of the suspension using simple elements. A three-parameter model with one dry-friction slider and two linear springs reproduces the lateral characteristic of the suspension. A nine-parameter model with four dry-friction sliders and five springs reproduces the longitudinal characteristic. The models, using a method of non-smooth mechanics, may be directly implemented to vehicle/track dynamic simulations.Professor Hans True of TU Denmark for stressing the importance of the problem of the UIC suspension modelling for successful upgrading of freight wagons.  相似文献   

15.
几何非线性摩擦阻尼隔振系统动力学行为研究   总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1  
非线性隔振系统由于具有较线性系统更优的隔振性能,因此在工程中应用广泛.本文通过配置与被隔振对象的运动方向相垂直的库伦摩擦阻尼器,构建了几何非线性摩擦阻尼模型.由于引入了几何非线性,因此其摩擦力与位移正相关,这与传统与位移无关摩擦力模型有显著不同.首先,建立了具有几何非线性摩擦阻尼的数学模型以及隔振系统的受迫振动方程;然后,使用谐波平衡法求解了动力学方程,并使用数值仿真方法验证了谐波平衡法求解的准确性;最后,研究了几何非线性摩擦阻尼隔振器的绝对位移传递率和相对位移传递率.研究结果表明,在库伦摩擦阻尼选择适当,非线性摩擦阻尼系统可以在保持高频振动衰减效果的前提下,显著降低系统共振峰,其性能优于传统的恒定摩擦阻尼隔振模型.同时,几何非线性摩擦阻尼系统能够避免传统摩擦阻尼系统中的“锁定”现象,从传递率角度来说,不利于共振峰控制;但从激励环境改变引发隔振系统失效的角度来看,几何非线性摩擦阻尼系统可以拓宽系统对激励幅值的适应范围,避免隔振系统失效.本文的研究结果对此类隔振系统的设计和摩擦阻尼参数的选择具有通用的指导意义.   相似文献   

16.
磁流变液阻尼器的分数阶Bingham模型结构形式简单, 而且可以更好地描述系统的滞回特性. 建立了含有分数阶Bingham模型的单自由度1/4车辆悬架系统模型, 利用磁流变液阻尼器对在路面简谐激励下的非线性车辆悬架系统进行振动控制. 研究了含有分数阶Bingham模型的悬架系统在天棚阻尼半主动控制下的主共振响应, 利用平均法得到了系统的近似解析解. 求解了系统定常解的幅频响应方程, 并根据李雅普诺夫稳定性理论得到了悬架系统的稳定性条件. 通过绘制数值解和解析解的幅频响应曲线对比图, 验证了近似解析解的正确性. 利用簧载质量垂直方向的加速度均方根值分析了半主动控制对车辆乘坐舒适性的影响, 发现天棚阻尼半主动控制策略在低频激励区域反而会降低车辆的乘坐舒适性. 因此提出了一种被动控制与半主动控制相结合的组合控制策略, 并分析了半主动控制参数对振动控制效果的影响. 分析结果表明, 该组合控制策略不但能够提高车辆的乘坐舒适性, 而且能有效抑制悬架系统的主共振振动幅值.   相似文献   

17.
The standardized design of European two-axle freight wagons has been used since the 1890s. The basic construction is a carbody suspended on leaf springs by a system of links working as pendulums. The internationally approved suspension system for these vehicles is the UIC standard suspension. The design is advantageous because it is simple, cheap, and robust. Despite the simple design, its influence on the dynamic performance of the vehicle is highly intricate due to dry friction damping and motion delimiters causing impacts. This paper deals with the dynamic behavior of European two-axle freight wagons analyzed through the use of a multibody model developed specifically for this purpose. The modeling of the vehicle and the integration of the dynamic equations of motion are far from trivial due to the complicated nature of the interacting forces. The model exhibits interesting bifurcation patterns emphasizing the complexity of the dynamic behavior of these wagons.  相似文献   

18.
阻尼匹配是制约车辆悬架系统减振器设计的关键问题.以某轻型卡车为研究对象,利用MATLAB软件建立了悬架阻尼优化设计的半车模型.采用车体垂向加速度、俯仰角加速度和车轮动载均方根值作为评价指标,利用线性加权和法建立了悬架阻尼优化设计的目标函数.在随机路面激励下,对悬架系统阻尼进行了优化匹配和分析,并通过实车实验验证了优化效果.研究结果表明,悬架阻尼的匹配优化可有效提高车辆的行驶平顺性,从而为车辆悬架的动态设计提供有益参考.  相似文献   

19.
20.
In aero engines, blade vibrations are frequently reduced by centrifugal flyweights, which exert a dry friction force per unit length under blade platforms. The response of this system to a periodic load has been analysed experimentally and theoretically. From a model having mode shapes similar to those of a blade, and a dry friction link per unit length, we show that the presence of the dry friction link is very effective in reducing vibrations for a range of excitation loads. The theoretical analysis is based on the Craig and Bampton mode synthesis, the rigid movement of the platform in its plane and the replacing of the linear dry friction link by several discrete parallel systems. Direct integration of the equations of motion is carried out by using the Newmark method. The comparison with experimental results is good. This method can easily be extended to more complex structures and shows that the dry friction link is effective when stick-slip occurs in the contact zone by limiting the energy provided to the system.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号