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1.
针对网壳结构健康监测提出了一种以损伤可识别性与模态可观测性相协调为目标的传感器优化布置的方法.由于模态数目的选取对基于损伤灵敏度分析的传感器优化布置有很大的影响,因此本文建立了一种同时包含模态独立性信息和损伤灵敏度信息的Fisher信息矩阵,并选取合适的模态数目,然后发展了一种以信息矩阵最大和条件数最小为准则的多目标优化算法.空间网壳数值算例表明,本文提出的传感器优化方法能简单、有效地为空间结构传感器优化布置提供可行方案.  相似文献   

2.
基于有限测点信息的结构损伤识别柔度法   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
利用有限测点获得结构的模态参数,提出了基于有限测点的结构损伤识别的柔度法。该方法是通过仅考虑结构柔度的灵敏度分析,以结构各自由度的损伤信息为条件,选择对结构柔度变化敏感的自由度为测点,并利用有限测点的信息提出了结构完备模态振型的重建技术。在此基础上,对柔度矩阵做关于结构物理参数变化量的一阶泰勒展开,来确定结构单元的损伤因子对结构进行损伤识别。从而实现利用结构有限测点的模态信息来识别结构的损伤,解决了测试结构的模态振型的不完整给结构的损伤诊断带来的困难。通过数值算例说明了该方法的有效性。  相似文献   

3.
基于改进遗传算法主动柔性结构压电元件位置优化   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
基于改进的遗传算法提出了一种解决多压电片布置在柔性结构上以实现振动主动控制的有效方法.本文采用D优化设计准则,即把Fisher信息矩阵行列式最大值作为目标函数的一种优化方法.通过对结构模态振型和动力特性的研究,使用一种简单的方法将所选择的低阶模态振型转化为归一化形式,最后通过结构模态振型可确定压电片最优位置.为了达到更好的振动控制效果,压电片布置在结构模态应变最大位置处.当在结构不同位置上布置压电片时,结构各阶模态振型也将随之发生不同程度的变化.本文建立了ANSYS软件和遗传算法的接口来实现对结构的模态重分析,从而提取各阶模态振型.  相似文献   

4.
本文使用结构位移响应协方差参数进行结构损伤识别,首先推导和建立位移响应协方差参数的解析公式,它是结构频率、振型和阻尼等模态参数的函数,结构物理参数的改变会导致该协方差参数的改变;对一个七层框架结构进行数值模拟分析来演示该方法的有效性,通过比较结构不同状态下各单元位移响应协方差参数CoD的分布曲线,研究各单元CoD与损伤程度的关系曲线,发现损伤位置处的CoD改变最大,其次是对称和附近单元,通过单损伤和多损伤工况研究分析,表明基于结构损伤前后CoD的改变,能成功判定损伤发生和识别出损伤位置,最后把该方法应用于一个实验室简支钢梁的损伤识别,通过对锤击振动下的加速度响应进行二次积分得到位移响应,并比较钢梁损伤前后的CoD,得到损伤概率向量,成功识别出损伤位置。该方法具有较好的噪声鲁棒性,无需结构分析模型,计算简便,具有较好的工程应用性。  相似文献   

5.
This paper presents results of numerical simulations and an experimental investigation of a method to determine shape of a beam from curvature and/or strain measurements. The purpose of this work was to develop an efficient and accurate method that can be used in real time shape monitoring of beam type structures with possible extension to more complex systems. A method based upon solving a set of continuity equations is presented. Numerical simulations were implemented to minimize the number of sensors and to determine the most beneficial sensor locations and sensor/model configuration to capture the shape in a timely and effective manner. Simulations showed that dividing the beam into segments (elements) and placing sensors at the Gauss point locations of each segment gave only 0.14% systematic error while using three elements and two Gauss points per element. An experiment was designed using an aluminum beam combined with a data acquisition system and a shape reconstruction algorithm. The real-time reconstruction of shape from curvature data was accomplished using strain gages for the curvature estimates. The results were compared to a technique based on position only data and point cloud image data. Overall, consistent results were obtained. The percent difference between the experimental and photogrammetry results fluctuated from 1.4 to 3.5% when various magnitudes of concentrated loads were applied to the beam. This methodology may be useful in real-time shape control and shape modification systems with potential applications in structural health monitoring and damage detection.  相似文献   

6.
基于简化模型的超高层结构传感器优化布置   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对于自由度较多的超高层结构,传感器优化布置时应考虑多阶模态振型.由于存在空间耦合振动,根据振型质量参与系数难以准确选择出结构弱轴方向的高阶振型.基于等效刚度参数识别法,本文提出了一种将有限元模型沿弱轴方向先简化为等效串联多自由度体系,然后根据简化结构的物理参数来计算弱轴方向振型矩阵的方法,有效地解决了这一问题.以某超高层结构为例,根据计算得到的系统振型矩阵,首先由其转置的列主元QR分解得到传感器的初始布置方案,然后以模态置信度(MAC)矩阵的最大非对角元为目标函数,采用逐步累积算法逐步增加可降低此初始布置MAC非对角元的结构自由度,并考虑经济性因素,最终确定出了传感器的布置方案.  相似文献   

7.
利用线性模型估计的传感器优化布置算法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
提出了一种基于线性模型估计的传感器布置算法.首先根据线性模型估计理论,将待监测的目标模态振型视为线性模型的设计矩阵;然后利用奇异值分解的算法,将设计矩阵分解,根据分解的前几个左奇异向量来计算各个自由度对于目标模态振型的贡献;用迭代算法来求出最优的传感器布置方案;最后,用两个算例表明该方法的有效性.  相似文献   

8.
基于应变能等效指标的结构损伤识别技术研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了解决结构的多损伤识别问题,提出了一种基于应变能等效指标的损伤识别方法。首先给出了损伤前后模态应变能变化的表达式以及能量耗散公式,然后根据结构的能量耗散与应变能的变化值等价的原理,建立了一个四阶等效方程,最后求出了该方程的四个根,并通过对该方程四个根的分析得到了一个应变能等效指标,通过该指标可以方便的求解损伤的位置和程度。数值仿真结果表明,基于应变能等效指标的损伤识别方法不仅可以精确的识别出损伤的位置和程度,而且其识别精度明显好于应变能耗散率方法。  相似文献   

9.
基于不完备频响函数数据,结合概率统计方法,提出了一种能同时考虑模型参数不确定性和测试噪声影响的结构损伤统计识别方法。首先,基于频响函数某一行向量在不同频率下的幅值数据,利用矩阵拉直运算建立了关于损伤系数的确定性识别方程。其次,假设模型参数误差和测试噪声为零均值的高斯随机变量,根据摄动理论,推导了损伤后结构刚度参数的前二阶矩。随后,利用结构损伤前后的概率分布得到了结构损伤存在概率。最后,通过一个平面桁架结构模型验证了本文方法的有效性。数值算例的研究结果表明,损伤单元的损伤存在概率远大于非损伤单元;测试噪声对识别结果的影响比模型参数不确定性的影响更为显著。  相似文献   

10.
提出了一种结合摄动法和L1正则化方法的随机梁式结构静力损伤识别方法。考虑初始模型误差和测量误差的影响,建立了关于随机损伤指数的控制方程,并将摄动法和L1正则化方法相结合,对随机损伤指数的控制方程进行求解,进而从概率的角度对结构的损伤进行识别。损伤试验结果表明,和传统的最小二乘求解法相比,本文方法能够更为准确地识别多处局部损伤的位置及大小,对实际结构损伤检测具有较好的参考价值。  相似文献   

11.
A two-dimensional (2-D) continuous wavelet transform (CWT)-based damage detection algorithm using “Dergauss2d” wavelet for plate-type structures is presented. The 2-D CWT considered in this study is based on the formulation by Antoine et al. (2004). A concept of isosurface of 2-D wavelet coefficients is proposed, and it is generated to indicate the location and approximate shape or area of the damage. The proposed algorithm is a response-based damage detection technique which only requires the mode shapes of the damaged plates. This algorithm is applied to the numerical vibration mode shapes of a cantilever plate with different types of damage to illustrate its effectiveness and viability. A comparative study with other two 2-D damage detection algorithms, i.e., 2-D gapped smoothing method (GSM) and 2-D strain energy method (SEM), is performed, and it demonstrates that the proposed 2-D CWT-based algorithm is superior in noise immunity and robust with limited sensor data. The algorithm is further implemented in an experimental modal test to detect impact damage in an FRP composite plate using smart piezoelectric actuators and sensors, demonstrating its applicability to the experimental mode shapes. The present 2-D CWT-based algorithm is among a few limited studies in the literature to explore the application of 2-D wavelets in damage detection, and as demonstrated in this study, it can be used as a viable and effective technique for damage identification of plate- or shell-type structures.  相似文献   

12.
This paper investigates the damage detection based on the propagation of guided wave in bimetal composite pipes, which can identify damage locations in both axial and circumferential directions. The feasibility of the method is showed by numerical simulations using FEM code ANSYS. Mode analysis is used to evaluate the guided wave mode and its structure, which can provide the basis of the mode selection in measurements scheme. The guided wave propagation in a damaged pipe is computed by transient analysis. 16 nodes around the pipe wall, as probes, are used to record the guided wave signal. When Pseudo Margenau—Hill distribution (PMHD) for each signal is carried out, three types of modes could be found, which are led mode, excited mode and lag mode in sequences. Based on the results, the arrival time of the excited mode could be used to locate damage in axial direction, and the energy distribution around the pipe of lag mode is consistent with the damage in circumferential direction. The simulation illustrated the possibility of detecting damage location in both axial and circumferential directions based on longitudinal ultrasonic guided waves only.  相似文献   

13.
Based on measured natural frequencies and acceleration responses,a non-probabilistic information fusion technique is proposed for the structural damage detection by adopting the set-membership identification(SMI) and twostep model updating procedure.Due to the insufficiency and uncertainty of information obtained from measurements,the uncertain problem of damage identification is addressed with interval variables in this paper.Based on the first-order Taylor series expansion,the interval bounds of the elemental stiffness parameters in undamaged and damaged models are estimated,respectively.The possibility of damage existence(PoDE) in elements is proposed as the quantitative measure of structural damage probability,which is more reasonable in the condition of insufficient measurement data.In comparison with the identification method based on a single kind of information,the SMI method will improve the accuracy in damage identification,which reflects the information fusion concept based on the non-probabilistic set.A numerical example is performed to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed technique.  相似文献   

14.
Best achievable modal eigenvectors in structural damage detection   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
This paper reports a modal formulation of the original method presented by Lim and Kashangaky, based on the use of the best achievable eigenvectors in damage detection problems. The method requires the measurement of both frequencies and mode shapes. The structural damage is located by computing the Euclidean distances between the measured mode shapes and the best achievable modal eigenvectors. The method is able to detect loss of both stiffness and mass properties, even though in this paper only the loss of stiffness will be analyzed. A simple numerical example is reported to investigate the applicability of the modal formulation. Finally, an experimental validation is included using a 10-bay truss laboratory structure.  相似文献   

15.
结构健康监测中的损伤检测技术研究进展   总被引:35,自引:0,他引:35  
杨智春  于哲峰 《力学进展》2004,34(2):215-223
对结构健康监测研究中的结构损伤检测方法及其特点进行了介绍.从基于结构模态 分析的方法和基于结构动态试验信号处理的方法两方面,阐述了结构健康监测中的损伤检测 方法及其最新研究进展.基于结构模态分析的结构损伤检测方法是针对整个结构的检测,使 用的模态都限于低阶模态范围内,所检测的结构应容易建立有限元模型,便于进行响应预测. 基于结构动态试验信号处理的损伤检测方法通常是针对结构局部构件的损伤检测,不需要对 结构进行有限元建模,而直接从测试的动态响应信号中提取表征结构损伤的特征参数. 文中提出了对比性损伤检测方法和非对比性损伤检测方法的概念,并 对结构损伤检测中常用的信 息传感与处理技术进行了论述,指出了结构损伤检测研究中应该考虑的传感器布置问题.提 出了将损伤信息的主动检测与被动检测相结合进行损伤程度判断和剩余寿命估计等问题是 有待进一步深入研究的课题.  相似文献   

16.
Tire durability plays an important role in road transportation safety and is taken very seriously by all tire manufacturers. Defects in tires can cause vehicle instability and create catastrophic accidents. In this article, a finite element model of the intelligent tire is developed using implicit dynamic analysis and is used for defect detection. Processing and analyzing the acceleration signals, measured at the center of the tire inner-liner, for the undamaged and damaged tires, can result in detecting the crack locations around the tire circumference. Additionally, prediction models used for damage diagnosis based on optimized number and location of sensors, was developed. Several sensors located at different locations around the circumference of the damaged tire and away from the crack surface, are used in order to assess sensor location sensitivity from the crack surface. It is observed that the radial component of the acceleration signal has the highest potential to be used as the signal of choice in defect detection as compared to circumferential acceleration signals.  相似文献   

17.
基于Kriging代理模型的结构形状优化方法研究   总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14  
建立了一种进行结构形状优化的工程方法。该方法利用试验设计法选取位置变量样本点,并对各个样本点对应的结构进行尺寸优化,然后根据样本点和尺寸优化结果建立Kriging代理模型,再利用遗传算法求出位置变量最优解,进而得到结构最优解。最后进行了15杆平面拱式桁架、悬臂梁和25杆空间桁架三个形状优化算例,算例分析结果表明:该方法思路清晰、适应性强、优化效果明显,具有较大的工程应用价值。  相似文献   

18.
黄铧  马俊  伍晓顺  邹韬 《力学季刊》2023,44(1):181-192
采用模态参数来组集网架结构的柔度矩阵面临较多困难,如所需模态数量较多、测点数量有限和密集模态识别精度较低等.相比之下,基于静力测试的柔度矩阵具有测试精度较高、无截断误差的优点.文中提出一种基于静力柔度灵敏度、先定位后定量的网架结构损伤识别方法.首先,针对柔度灵敏度方程容易产生病态解的问题,构造一种奇异值贡献指标以合理截断柔度灵敏度矩阵的奇异值,从而提高解的精度.其次,结合前述奇异值截断策略,在不更新刚度矩阵的前提下,通过多次计算来逐步缩减疑似损伤杆件,从而降低未损杆件的干扰和实现损伤杆件的定位.最后,仅保留灵敏度矩阵中已定位损伤杆件对应的列,在迭代计算中不断更新刚度矩阵来进行损伤杆件的定量识别.以某网架结构为例进行数值分析.结果表明:提出的奇异值贡献指标具有明显的突变位置,可方便地指出灵敏度方程奇异值截断位置;提出的两步识别法在仅利用竖向自由度的情况下具有较好的抗噪能力,可有效定位和定量识别损伤杆件.  相似文献   

19.
结构健康监测中的传感器布置方法及评价准则   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
综述,结构健康监测中常用的传感器布置方法及其评价准则研究的最新进展.重点分析了几种常用传感器布置方法间数学本质上的内在联系,尤其是讨论了有效独立法与模态动能法之间的关系、有效独立法与QR分解法和MinMAC法的区别与联系.通过一个梯形结构对比了各种传感器的布置方法所给出的传感器位置组合.讨论了目前常用的5种传感器布置方...  相似文献   

20.
I. INTRODUCTIONStructural damages due to the loss of sti?ness such as crack, localization bulking have remarkablein?uences on the physical properties of structure such as deformation, stress, frequency and modelshape. So the change of these properties can be used to identify the damage location and degree ofstructures. The damage identification techniques based on these properties’ changes have attractedmuch attention in recent years, and many approaches have been developed[1??5].Nowaday…  相似文献   

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