An integral equation approach to self-similar plane-elastodynamic crack problems

The elastodynamic problem of an expanding crack under homogeneous polynomialform loading was reduced to the solution of a Cauchy singular integral equation. In this manner the solution of the original problem can be obtained by using well-known numerical treatments available for Cauchy SIEs. The procedure was accomplished by means of the Busemann-Chaplygin similarity technique and complex variable methods. The analysis has been restricted to the subsonic case.     

The Problem of an External Circular Crack Under Asymmetric Loadings

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＷｈｅｎｔｈｅｂｏｕｎｄａｒｙｉｎｔｅｇｒａｌｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｍｅｔｈｏｄｉｓａｐｐｌｉｅｄｔｏｃｒａｃｋａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ,ｏｎｌｙｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｓｃａｎｂｅｏｂｔａｉｎｅｄ ,ｓｕｃｈａｓ:ｔｈｅｔｙｐｉｃａｌｗｏｒｋｓｏｆＳｎｙｄｅｒａｎｄＣｒｕｓｅ[1],Ｃｒｏｕｃｈ[2 ],Ｂｌａｎｄｆｏｒｄｅｔａｌ.[3],Ｐｏｒｔｅｌａｅｔａｌ.[4 ],Ｂｕｉ[5 ],Ｗｅａｖｅｒ[6 ]ａｎｄＷＡＮＧｅｔａｌ.[7- 9].Ｉｔｉｓｖｅｒｙｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｔｏａｐｐｌｙｔｈｅｂｏｕｎｄａｒ…     

The vibration of a half-space due to a buried mode I crack opening

The solution of a dynamic problem for calculation of a displacement field on a half-space surface caused by an internal mode I crack opening is presented. The problem is reduced to the system of boundary integral equations (BIEs). The equations of motion are solved with the use of Helmholtz potentials and applying Fourier integral transform. The effects of the crack size, the crack depth and the distance from the crack epicenter to the observation point on the parameters of elastic waves are investigated. It is established that the increasing of the defect size leads to narrowing bandwidth of elastic waves and to lowering of center frequency. The analysis given here can be used for identification of the crack growth during technical diagnostic of an industry objects and structural elements by AE method.     

Stress intensity factors for an oblique edge crack in a coating/substrate system with a graded interfacial zone under antiplane shear

This paper investigates the edge crack problem for a coating/substrate system with a functionally graded interfacial zone under the condition of antiplane deformation. With the interfacial zone being modeled by a nonhomogeneous interlayer having the continuously varying shear modulus between the dissimilar, homogeneous phases of the coated medium, the coating is assumed to contain an edge crack at an arbitrary angle to the interfacial zone. The Fourier integral transform method is used in conjunction with the coordinate transformations of basic field variables. Formulation of the proposed crack problem is then reduced to solving a singular integral equation with a generalized Cauchy kernel. The mode III stress intensity factors are defined and evaluated in terms of the solution to the integral equation. In the numerical results, the values of the stress intensity factors are plotted, illustrating the effects of the crack orientation angle for various material and geometric combinations of the coating/substrate system with the graded interfacial zone.     

3-D elastic stress singularity at polyhedral corner points

The three-dimensional stress singularity at the top of an arbitrary polyhedral corner is considered. Based on the boundary integral equations, the problem is reduced by the Mellin transform to a system of certain one-dimensional integral equations. The orders of stress singularity are spectral points of the integral operators while angular distribution and intensity factors are found as residues at those points. Numerical results are obtained by means of the Galerkin discretization scheme using expansions in terms of orthogonal polynomials with the proper weights. Some of the results illustrating the orders dependence on the elastic properties and corner geometry for a wedge-shaped punch and a crack, for an elastic trihedron and for a surface-breaking crack are given.     

SAINT-VENANT’S TORSION PROBLEM FOR A COMPOSITE CIRCULAR CYLINDER WITH ANINTERNAL EDGE CRACK

In this paper the writer uses Muskhelishvili single-layer potential function solutionand single crack solution for the torsion problem of a circular cylinder to discuss thetorsion problem of a composite cylinder with an internal crack,and the problem isreduced to a set of mixed-type integral equation with generalized Cauchy-kernel.Then,by using the integration formula of Gauss-Jacobi.the numerical method isestablished and several numerical examples are calculated.The torsional rigidity andthe stress intensity factors are obtained.The results of these examples fit the resultsobtained by the previous papers better.     

ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF A GRIFFITH PERMEABLE CRACK IN PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS WITH THE NON-LOCAL THEORY

The dynamic behavior ofa Griffith permeable crack under harmonic anti-plane shearwaves in the piezoelectric materials is investigated by use of the non-local theory.To overcome themathematical difficulties,a one-dimensional non-local kernel is used instead of a two-dimensionalone for the anti-plane dynamic problem to obtain the stress and the electric displacement near thecrack tips.By means of Fourier transform,the problem can be solved with a pair of dual integralequations that the unknown variable is the jump of the displacement across the crack surfaces.These equations are solved with the Schmidt method and numerical examples are provided.Con-trary to the previous results,it is found that no stress and electric displacement singularities arepresent at the crack tip.The finite hoop stress and the electric displacement depend on the cracklength,the lattice parameter of the materials and the circle frequency of the incident waves.Thisenables us to employ the maximum stress hypothesis to deal with fracture problems in a naturalway.     

The problem of the simple smooth crack in an infinite anisotropic elastic medium

The problem of the simple smooth curvilinear crack in an infinite anisotropic elastic medium under conditions of generalized plane stress or plane strain and under the supposition that the plane of the problem is a plane of elastic symmetry of the anisotropic medium is reduced to a complex Cauchy-type singular integral equation along the crack together with a condition of single-valuedness of displacements around the crack by using the complex potentials technique. Application to the case of a straight crack is also given.     

Stress and electric displacement analyses in piezoelectric media with an elliptic hole and a small crack

In this paper, the interactions between an elliptic hole and an arbitrary distributed small crack in plane piezoelectric medium, which are often happened in engineering problems, are discussed. The Green’s functions in a piezoelectric plate with an elliptic hole for a generalized line dislocation and a generalized line force are presented. The small crack is represented by unknown continuous distributed dislocations. By considering traction free conditions on the surface of the small crack, the problem is then reduced to a group of singular integral equations which are solved by using a special numerical technique. Accuracy of the present method is confirmed by comparing the numerical results with those in literatures for PZT-4 when the elliptic hole is degenerated into a crack. The generalized stress intensity factors of cracks and the generalized stress on the edge of the elliptic hole are shown graphically. It is shown that the small crack may have shielding or amplifying effects on the main elliptic hole or crack, which depends on the location and orientation of the small crack. The hole near a crack can significantly reduce the stress intensity factor of the crack. The direction of the electric field is important to shielding effect.     

Investigation of the Dynamic Behavior of a Griffith Crack in a Piezoelectric Material Strip Subjected to the Harmonic Elastic Anti-plane Shear Waves by Use of the Non-local Theory

In this paper, the dynamic behavior of a Griffith crack in a piezoelectric material strip subjected to the harmonic anti-plane shear waves is investigated by use of the non-local theory for impermeable crack surface conditions. To overcome the mathematical difficulties, a one-dimensional non-local kernel is used instead of a two-dimensional one for the anti-plane dynamic problem to obtain the stress and the electric displacement near at the crack tip. By means of the Fourier transform, the problem can be solved with the help of two pairs of dual integral equations. These equations are solved using the Schmidt method. Contrary to the classical solution, it is found that no stress and electric displacement singularity is present near the crack tip. The non-local dynamic elastic solutions yield a finite hoop stress near the crack tip, thus allowing for a fracture criterion based on the maximum dynamic stress hypothesis. The finite hoop stress at the crack tip depends on the crack length, the thickness of the strip, the circular frequency of incident wave and the lattice parameter.     

Dynamic fracture analysis of an annular interfacial crack between dissimilar magnetoelectroelastic layers

Transient response of an annular interfacial crack between dissimilar magnetoelectroelastic layers under impacts is investigated. On the crack surface, magnetoelectrically impermeable boundary condition is adopted. Using Laplace and Hankel transform techniques, the mixed boundary value problem is reduced to a system of singular integral equations. The integral equations are further reduced to a system of algebraic equations with the aid of Jacobi polynomials. The dynamic field intensity factor and dynamic energy release rate are determined. Numerical results reveal the effects of electric or magnetic loadings and material parameters of composite on crack propagation and growth.     

一维六方准晶压电材料中唇形裂纹反平面问题的解析解

本文在准晶压电材料基本方程的基础上,根据点群的对称性和一维六方准晶的线性压电效应,导出了一维六方准晶压电材料反平面问题的控制方程.利用复变函数的方法,通过引入适当的保角映射,研究了准晶压电材料中唇形裂纹的反平面问题,并利用Cauchy积分理论,得到在电不可通边界条件下的裂纹尖端场强度因子与机械应变能释放率的解析表达式.     

The scattering of harmonic elastic anti-plane shear waves by two collinear cracks in anisotropic material plane by using the non-local theory

In this paper, the dynamic behavior of two collinear cracks in the anisotropic elasticity material plane subjected to the harmonic anti-plane shear waves is investigated by use of the nonlocal theory. To overcome the mathematical difficulties, a one-dimensional nonlocal kernel is used instead of a two-dimensional one for the anti-plane dynamic problem to obtain the stress field near the crack tips. By use of the Fourier transform, the problem can be solved with the help of a pair of triple integral equations, in which the unknown variable is the displacement on the crack surfaces. To solve the triple integral equations, the displacement on the crack surfaces is expanded in a series of Jacobi polynomials. Unlike the classical elasticity solutions, it is found that no stress singularity is present near crack tips. The nonlocal elasticity solutions yield a finite hoop stress at the crack tips, thus allowing us to using the maximum stress as a fracture criterion. The magnitude of the finite stress field not only depends on the crack length but also on the frequency of the incident waves and the lattice parameter of the materials.     

Anti-plane analysis on a finite crack in a one-dimensional hexagonal quasicrystal strip

The anti-plane fracture problem for a finite crack in a one-dimensional hexagonal quasicrystal strip is analyzed. By using Fourier transforms, the mixed boundary value problems are reduced to the dual integral equations. The solution of the dual integral equations is then expressed by the complete elliptic integrals of the first and the third kinds. The expressions for stress, strains, displacements and field intensity factors of the phonon and phason fields near the crack tip are obtained exactly. The path-independent integral derived by a conservation law equals the energy release rate, which can be used as a fracture criterion for a mode III fracture problem.     

On interface crack in laminated anisotropic medium

In this paper, the interface crack problems of a multilayered anisotropic medium under a state of generalized plane deformation are considered within the framework of anisotropic theory. A general solution procedure is introduced such that it can be uniformly applied to media with transversely isotropic, orthotropic, monoclinic, etc. layers. The problem is reduced to the solution of a system of singular integral equations by means of Fourier transform method and the stiffness matrix formulation. A Jacobi polynomial technique is then used to solve the integral equations numerically. The stress intensity factors are provided. The stress intensity factors have been calculated numerically and displayed graphically.     

Torsion of a long circular cylinder having a spherical cavity with a peripheral edge crack

The singular stress problem of a peripheral edge crack around a spherical cavity in a long circular cylinder under torsion is investigated. The problem is solved by using integral transforms and is reduced to the solution of two integral equations. The solution of these equations is obtained numerically by the method due to Erdogan, Gupta, and Cook, and the stress intensity factors, and crack opening displacements are displayed graphically.     

The nonlocal solution of two parallel cracks in functionally graded materials subjected to harmonic anti-plane shear waves

In this paper, the dynamic interaction of two parallel cracks in functionally graded materials (FGMs) is investigated by means of the non-local theory. To make the analysis tractable, the shear modulus and the material density are assumed to vary exponentially with the coordinate vertical to the crack. To reduce mathematical difficulties, a one-dimensional non-local kernel is used instead of a two-dimensional one for the dynamic problem to obtain stress fields near the crack tips. By use of the Fourier transform, the problem can be solved with the help of two pairs of dual integral equations, in which the unknown variables are the jumps of displacements across the crack surfaces. To solve the dual integral equations, the jumps of displacements across the crack surfaces are expanded in a series of Jacobi polynomials. Unlike the classical elasticity solutions, it is found that no stress singularity is present at the crack tips. The non-local elastic solutions yield a finite hoop stress at the crack tips. The present result provides theoretical references helpful for evaluating relevant strength and preventing material failure of FGMs with initial cracks. The magnitude of the finite stress field depends on relevant parameters, such as the crack length, the distance between two parallel cracks, the parameter describing the FGMs, the frequency of the incident waves and the lattice parameter of materials. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (90405016, 10572044) and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20040213034). The English text was polished by Yunming Chen.     

有限长界面裂纹对冲击载荷的响应

本文研究了受冲击载荷作用下界面裂纹的瞬态特性。通过引入裂纹尖端附近裂纹面无摩擦接触区,消除了界面裂纹问题中存在的振荡奇异性。由于产生了随时间变化的运动边界,应用积分变换及路径积分方法进行反演,在时间-空间域上给出了问题的控制积分方程。应用chebyshev多项式展开,将问题转化为非线性微分-积分方程组的求解。给出了剪切应力强度因子和裂纹面接触区尺寸的数值结果。所得结果表明,拉伸场中界面裂纹的扩展和剪切失效有密切关系。     

Dynamic fracture behavior of functionally graded magnetoelectroelastic solids by BIEM

Dynamic anti-plane fracture problem of an exponentially graded linear magnetoelectroelastic plane with a finite impermeable crack subjected to time-harmonic SH-waves is solved. Directions of wave propagation and material inhomogeneity are chosen in an arbitrary way. The fundamental solution for the coupled system of partial differential equations with variable coefficients is derived in a closed form by the hybrid usage of both an appropriate algebraic transformation for the displacement vector and the Radon transform. The formulated boundary-value problem is solved by a nonhypersingular traction boundary integral equation method (BIEM). The collocation method and parabolic approximation for the unknown generalized crack opening displacements are used for the numerical solution of the posed problem. Quarter point elements placed next to the crack-tips ensure properly modeling the singular behavior of the field variables around the crack tip. Fracture parameters as stress intensity factor, electric field intensity factor and magnetic field intensity factor are computed. Intensive simulations reveal the sensitivity of the generalized intensity factors (GIF) at the crack-tips to the material inhomogeneity, characteristics of the incident wave, coupling effects, wave-material and wave-crack interaction phenomena.     

Supersonic flow over a slender wing with subsonic edges

The method of integral equations is generalized to calculate steady flow past wings with an arbitrary shape in plan with subsonic leading and trailing edges. The determination of the velocity potential in the leading part of the wing, where there is no influence of the vortex sheet, is reduced to the solution of a two-dimensional integral equation of the second kind. The trailing part, which is subject to the influence of the vortex sheet, is divided into a number of subregions, in which the calculation of the acceleration potential reduces to the solution of one-dimensional equations of the type of Fredholm equations of the second kind and to quadrature. The unique solvability of the obtained integral equations is investigated; it is shown that they can be solved by successive approximation. As an example, the solution to the problem of flow past a flat delta-shaped wing is found and compared with the exact solution to the problem found by the method of conic flows [4, 6].Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 5, pp. 119–127, September–October, 1981.I thank G. Yu. Stepanov for discussing the paper.