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<正> 在文[1]中笔者通过引入偏心参数 c、β导出了求钻孔偏心时残余应力的计算公式,并指出用逼近法求残余应力的方法.本文就数值逼近中的几个问题阐述如下.1.二次搜索逼近法根据公式中(?)的选定方向,取搜索区域为90°~ 相似文献
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云纹干涉法研究复合材料构件的应力强度因子 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文采用贴片云纹干涉法,测试并研究了正交异性板纯弯试件及拉伸试件的应力强度因子。文中给出了复合材料纤维加强方向不同时位移与应力强度因子的关系式,通过测试得出受力模型的全场位移,给出云纹图,进而由裂纹尖端位移场推算出应力强度因子K1及K值。试验结果与有限元计算结果吻合良好。 相似文献
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一、钻孔法的基本原理零件表面总可以看成是主应力为σ_1,σ_2的二向残余应力状态,见图1.如果在测量处钻一个直径为α的小孔,就成为二向应力状态下的孔边应力集中问题.预先在孔边粘贴应变片测出应变数值后,就可以由弹性理论公式算出残余应力σ_1,σ_2的数值。通常在0°,45°,90°三个方向粘贴应变片,见图2.图中角是0°方向的应变片与主应 相似文献
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云纹法是一种新的位移场或应变场测试技术,本文采用云纹法论述的遥测自动云纹引伸仪系统包括云纹引伸仪、位移信息转换和传输装置以及显示接收监测台。由于采用了轮形光栅从而使引伸仪突破了传统的测量限制,从理论上讲,量程可达无穷大。 相似文献
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在文[1]中笔者通过引入偏心参数 c、β导出了求钻孔偏心时残余应力的计算公式,并指出用逼近法求残余应力的方法.本文就数值逼近中的几个问题阐述如下.1.二次搜索逼近法根据公式中(?)的选定方向,取搜索区域为90°~ 相似文献
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采用新型三维云纹干涉系统并结合盲孔释放的方法 ,研究了半导体装配底座内的残余应力 ,这种混合的方法不仅能真实测试试件因应力的释放而产生的三维变形信息 ,而且具有灵敏度高、条纹对比度好等特点。本文中 ,残余应力是通过盲孔释放获得 ,然后使用三维干涉系统来测试试件因残余应力的释放而发生的位移 ;利用有限元模拟的方法 ,精确计算了应力大小和分布情况 ,为实验研究提供了有力的支持和补充。结果表明 ,残余应力在F - 1C半导体内部分布不均匀 ,在两引脚之间的区域 ,应力比邻近区域的应力要大 ,存在一定的应力集中 ,对可伐管产生一定的挤压作用 ,这是造成半导体装配底座失效的一重要原因。 相似文献
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Yujie We 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》2014,(6):846-848
The construction and operation of high-speed rail(HSR)grid within the past two decades in China,in terms of the scale,may be possibly comparable to any national-wide construction in the history of China,even the Great Wall.By counting railways with commercial train service at the speed of200 km/h,China has the world’s longest HSR network with over 19 369.8 km of track in service today and this number 相似文献
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R. J. Sobey 《国际流体数值方法杂志》1982,2(3):277-297
Space-time finite element solutions of the convection–dispersion equation using higher-order nodal continuity and Hermitian polynomial shape functions are described. Five separate elements ranging from a complete linear element with C0,0 nodal continuity to a complete first-order Hermitian element with C1,1 nodal continuity are subjected to detailed analysis. Wave deformation analyses identify the source of leading or trailing edge oscillations, trailing edge oscillations being the major source of difficulty. These observations are confirmed by numerical experiments which further demonstrate the potential of higher-order nodal continuity. The performance of the complete first-order Hermitian element is quite satisfactory and measurably superior to the linear element. 相似文献
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Cécile Lemaitre Md. Mahmud Alam Pascal Hémon Emmanuel de Langre Yu Zhou 《Comptes Rendus Mecanique》2006,334(3):158-163
Rainwater rivulets appear on inclined cables of cable-stayed bridges when wind and rain occur simultaneously. In a restricted range of parameters this is known to cause vibrations of high amplitudes on the cable. The mechanism underlying this effect is still under debate but the role of rainwater rivulets is certain. We use a standard lubrication model to analyse the dynamics of a water film on a cylinder under the effect of gravity and wind load. A simple criterion is then proposed for the appearance and position of rivulets, where the Froude number is the control parameter. Experiments with several geometries of cylinder covered with water in a wind tunnel show the evolution of the rivulets with the Froude number. Comparison of the prediction by the model with these experimental data shows that the main mechanism of rivulet formation and positioning is captured. To cite this article: C. Lemaitre et al., C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006). 相似文献
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We establish a theoretical model to explain the nucleation of a crystal of helium by an acoustic over-pressure. We explain the interfacial laws for this ultra-fast cristallization, close to the sound speed. Assuming spherical symmetry and taking into account the experimental data, we recover the dynamics of the growth and melting during an over-pressure impulse. To cite this article: M. Ben Amar et al., C. R. Mecanique 331 (2003). 相似文献
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Based on the use of two different preparation procedures for reconstituting triaxial samples of sand, i.e. wet tamping and dry pluviation, significant differences in associated mechanical behaviour are observed on a reference sand with respect to the phenomenon of ‘static’ liquefaction. Wet tamping favours the initiation of liquefaction instability, whereas dry pluviation favours a more stable behaviour, less susceptible to liquefaction. Microscopic observation of corresponding sand specimens allows us to identify two well differentiated structures, i.e., for wet tamping, an irregular structure with predominance of aggregates (aggregated grains) and macropores, very contractant and unstable and, for dry pluviation, a more regular structure, without macropores, more dilatant and more stable. These observations show the importance of further characterization, based on the introduction of appropriate parameters, of the initial structure of sandy materials, strongly dependant upon their mode of formation (natural or artificial). To cite this article: N. Benahmed et al., C. R. Mecanique 332 (2004). 相似文献
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Sources of Complexity in Human Systems 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Complex is a special attribute we can give to many kinds of systems. Although it is used often as a synonym of difficult, it has a specific epistemological meaning, which is going to be shared by the incoming science of complexity. Difficult is an object which, by means of an adequate computational power, can be deterministically or stochastically predictable. On the contrary complex is an object which can not be predictable because of logical impossibility or because its predictability would require a computational power far beyond any physical feasibility, now and forever. For complexity refers to some observing system, it is always subjective, and thus it is defined as observed irreducible complexity. Human systems are affected by several sources of complexity, belonging to three classes, in order of descending restrictivity. Systems belonging to the first class are not predictable at all, those belonging to the second class are predictable only through an infinite computational capacity, and those belonging to the third class are predictable only through a trans-computational capacity. The first class has two sources of complexity: logical complexity, directly deriving from self-reference and Gödel's incompleteness theorems, and relational complexity, resulting in a sort of indeterminacy principle occurring in social systems. The second class has three sources of complexity: gnosiological complexity, which consists of the variety of possible perceptions; semiotic complexity, which represents the infinite possible interpretations of signs and facts; and chaotic complexity, which characterizes phenomena of nonlinear dynamic systems. The third class coincides with computational complexity, which basically coincides with the mathematical concept of intractability. Artificial, natural, biological and human systems are characterized by the influence of different sources of complexity, and the latter appear to be the most complex. 相似文献