Analysis of atypical orbits in one-dimensional piecewise-linear discontinuous maps

In this paper, boundary regions of 1-D linear piecewise-smooth discontinuous maps are examined analytically. It is shown that, under certain parameter conditions, maps exhibit atypical orbits like a continuum of periodic orbits and quasi-periodic orbits. Further, we have derived the conditions under which such phenomenon occurs. The paper also illustrates that there exists a specific parameter region where as the parameter is varied, there is a transition from stable to unstable periodic orbits. Moreover, we have derived an expression for the value of parameter at which this transition from stable to unstable periodic orbits occurs. Additionally, the dynamics concerning this value of parameter is also given.

     

Effects of axial preload of ball bearing on the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a rotor-bearing system

This research studies the effects of axial preload on nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a flexible rotor supported by angular contact ball bearings. A dynamic model of ball bearings is improved for modeling a five-degree-of-freedom rotor bearing system. The predicted results are in good agreement with prior experimental data, thus validating the proposed model. With or without considering unbalanced forces, the Floquet theory is employed to investigate the bifurcation and stability of system periodic solution. With the aid of Poincarè maps and frequency response, the unstable motion of system is analyzed in detail. Results show that the effects of axial preload applied to ball bearings on system dynamic characteristics are significant. The unstable periodic solution of a balanced rotor bearing system can be avoided when the applied axial preload is sufficient. The bifurcation margins of an unbalanced rotor bearing system enhance markedly as the axial preload increases and relates to system resonance speed.     

Global Dynamics of a Rapidly Forced Cart and Pendulum

In this paper, we study emergent behaviors elicited by applying open-loop, high-frequency oscillatory forcing to nonlinear control systems. First, we study hovering motions, which are periodic orbits associated with stable fixed points of the averaged system which are not fixed points of the forced system. We use the method of successive approximations to establish the existence of hovering motions, as well as compute analytical approximations of their locations, for the cart and pendulum on an inclined plane. Moreover, when small-amplitude dissipation is added, we show that the hovering motions are asymptotically stable. We compare the results for all of the local analysis with results of simulating Poincaré maps. Second, we perform a complete global analysis on this cart and pendulum system. Toward this end, the same iteration scheme we use to establish the existence of the hovering periodic orbits also yields the existence of periodic orbits near saddle equilibria of the averaged system. These latter periodic orbits are shown to be saddle periodic orbits, and in turn they have stable and unstable manifolds that form homoclinic tangles. A quantitative global analysis of these tangles is carried out. Three distinguished limiting cases are analyzed. Melnikov theory is applied in one case, and an extension of a recent result about exponentially small splitting of separatrices is developed and applied in another case. Finally, the influence of small damping is studied. This global analysis is useful in the design of open-loop control laws.     

Sliding mode control with adaptive fuzzy dead-zone compensation for uncertain chaotic systems

The dead-zone nonlinearity is frequently encountered in many industrial automation equipments and its presence can severely compromise control system performance. In this work, an adaptive variable structure controller is proposed to deal with a class of uncertain nonlinear systems subject to an unknown dead-zone input. The adopted approach is primarily based on the sliding mode control methodology but enhanced by an adaptive fuzzy algorithm to compensate the dead-zone. Using Lyapunov stability theory and Barbalat??s lemma, the convergence properties of the closed-loop system are analytically proven. In order to illustrate the controller design methodology, an application of the proposed scheme to a chaotic pendulum is introduced. A comparison between the stabilization of general orbits and unstable periodic orbits embedded in chaotic attractor is carried out showing that the chaos control can confer flexibility to the system by changing the response with low power consumption.     

Motion of the moonlet in the binary system 243 Ida

The motion of the moonlet Dactyl in the binary system 243 Ida is investigated in this paper. First, periodic orbits in the vicinity of the primary are calculated, including the orbits around the equilibrium points and large-scale orbits. The Floquet multipliers' topological cases of periodic orbits are calculated to study the orbits' stabilities. During the continuation of the retrograde near-circular orbits near the equatorial plane, two period-doubling bifurcations and one Neimark–Sacker bifurcation occur one by one, leading to two stable regions and two unstable regions. Bifurcations occur at the boundaries of these regions. Periodic orbits in the stable regions are all stable, but in the unstable regions are all unstable. Moreover, many quasi-periodic orbits exist near the equatorial plane. Long-term integration indicates that a particle in a quasi-periodic orbit runs in a space like a tire. Quasi-periodic orbits in different regions have different styles of motion indicated by the Poincare sections. There is the possibility that moonlet Dactyl is in a quasi-periodic orbit near the stable region I, which is enlightening for the stability of the binary system.     

Bi-parametric topology of subharmonics of an asymmetric bubble oscillator at high dissipation rate

The subharmonic topology of a nonlinear, asymmetric bubble oscillator (Keller–Miksis equation) in glycerine is investigated in the parameter space of its external excitation (frequency and pressure amplitude). The bi-parametric investigation revealed that the exoskeleton of the topology can be described as the composition of U-shaped subharmonics of periodic orbits. The fine substructure (higher-order ultra-subharmonic resonances) usually appearing via the well-known period n-tupling phenomenon is completely missing due to the high dissipation rate of the viscous liquid. Moreover, a complex internal structure of the subharmonics has been found, which are composed by interconnected bifurcation blocks (in a zig-zag pattern) each describing the skeleton of a shrimp-shaped domain. The employed numerical techniques are the combination of an in-house initial value problem solver written in C++/CUDA C to harness the high processing power of professional graphics cards, and the boundary value problem solver AUTO to compute periodic orbits directly regardless of their stability.     

The dynamics of a bouncing ball with a sinusoidally vibrating table revisited

The dynamical behavior of a bouncing ball with a sinusoidally vibrating table is revisited in this paper. Based on the equation of motion of the ball, the mapping for period-1 motion is constructured and thereby allowing the stability and bifurcation conditions to be determined. Comparison with Holmes's solution [1] shows that our range of stable motion is wider, and through numerical simulations, our stability result is observed to be more accurate. The Poincaré mapping sections of the unstable period-1 motion indicate the existence of identical Smale horseshoe structures and fractals. For a better understanding of the stable and chaotic motions, plots of the physical motion of the bouncing ball superimposed on the vibration of the table are presented.     

Classification of periodic orbits of two-dimensional homogeneous granular crystals with no pre-compression

In the present study we classify the periodic orbits of a squarely packed, uncompressed and undamped, homogeneous granular crystal, assuming that all elastic granules oscillate with the same frequency (i.e., under condition of 1:1 resonance); this type of Hamiltonian periodic orbits have been labeled as nonlinear normal modes. To this end we formulate an auxiliary system which consists of a two-dimensional, vibro-impact lattice composed of non-uniform “effective particles” oscillating in an anti-phase fashion. The analysis is based on the idea of balancing linear momentum in both horizontal and vertical directions for separate, groups of particles, whereby each such a group is represented by the single effective particle of the auxiliary system. It is important to emphasize that the auxiliary model can be defined for general finite, squarely packed granular crystals composed of n rows and m columns. The auxiliary model is successful in predicting the total number of such periodic orbits, as well as the amplitude ratios for different periodic regimes including strongly localized ones. In fact this methodology enables one to systematically study the generation of mode localization in these strongly nonlinear, highly degenerate dynamical systems. Good correspondence between the results of the theoretical model and direct numerical simulations is observed. The results presented herein can be further extended to study the intrinsic dynamics of the more complex granular materials, such as heterogeneous two-dimensional and three-dimensional granular crystals and multi-layered structures.     

Nonlinear reduced-order model for vertical sloshing by employing neural networks

The aim of this work is to provide a reduced-order model to describe the dissipative behavior of nonlinear vertical sloshing involving Rayleigh–Taylor instability by means of a feed forward neural network. A 1-degree-of-freedom system is taken into account as representative of fluid–structure interaction problem. Sloshing has been replaced by an equivalent mechanical model, namely a boxed-in bouncing ball with parameters suitably tuned with performed experiments. A large data set, consisting of a long simulation of the bouncing ball model with pseudo-periodic motion of the boundary condition spanning different values of oscillation amplitude and frequency, is used to train the neural network. The obtained neural network model has been included in a Simulink®  environment for closed-loop fluid–structure interaction simulations showing promising performances for perspective integration in complex structural system.

     

Solar sail dynamics in the three-body problem: Homoclinic paths of points and orbits

In this paper we consider the orbital dynamics of a solar sail in the Earth-Sun circular restricted three-body problem. The equations of motion of the sail are given by a set of non-linear autonomous ordinary differential equations, which are non-conservative due to the non-central nature of the force on the sail. We consider first the equilibria and linearisation of the system, then examine the non-linear system paying particular attention to its periodic solutions and invariant manifolds. Interestingly, we find there are equilibria admitting homoclinic paths where the stable and unstable invariant manifolds are identical. What is more, we find that periodic orbits about these equilibria also admit homoclinic paths; in fact the entire unstable invariant manifold winds off the periodic orbit, only to wind back onto it in the future. This unexpected result shows that periodic orbits may inherit the homoclinic nature of the point about which they are described.     

Large-Amplitude Periodic Solutions for Differential Equations with Delayed Monotone Positive Feedback

The aim of this paper is to show that the structure of the global attractor for delayed monotone positive feedback can be more complicated than the union of spindle-like structures between consecutive stable equilibria with respect to the pointwise ordering. Large amplitude periodic orbits—in the sense that they are not between two consecutive stable equilibria—are constructed for nonlinearities close to a step function. For some nonlinearities there are exactly two large amplitude periodic orbits. By describing the unstable sets of these periodic orbits, a complete picture is obtained about the global attractor outside the spindle-like structures.     

Double impact periodic orbits for an inverted pendulum

There exist many types of possible periodic orbits that impact at the walls for the inverted pendulum impacting between two rigid walls. Previous studies only focused on single impact periodic orbits and symmetric periodic orbits that bounce back and forth between the two walls. They respectively correspond to Types I and II orbits in the Chow, Shaw and Rand classification. In this paper we discuss two types of double impact periodic orbits that have not been studied before. The equations need to be solved for double impact orbits are transcendental and it is very hard to see the structure of the solutions. Consequently the analysis of double impact orbits is much more difficult than that of Types I and II orbits. A combination of analytical and numerical methods is employed to investigate the existence, stability and bifurcations of these orbits. Grazing bifurcations, which do not present for Types I and II orbits, are also observed.     

NONLINEAR STABILITY OF BALANCED ROTOR DUE TO EFFECT OF BALL BEARING INTERNAL CLEARANCE

Stability and dynamic characteristics of a ball bearing-rotor system are investigated under the effect of the clearance in the ball bearing. Different clearance values are assumed to calculate the nonlinear stability of periodic solution with the aid of the Floquet theory. Bifurcation and chaos behavior are analyzed with variation of the clearance and rotational speed. It is found that there are three routes to unstable periodic solution. The period-doubling bifurcation and the secondary Hopf bifurcation are two usual routes to instability. The third route is the boundary crisis, a chaotic attractor occurs suddenly as the speed passes through its critical value. At last, the instable ranges for different internal clearance values are described. It is useful to investigate the stability property of ball bearing rotor system.     

Energy Transfers in a System of Two Coupled Oscillators with Essential Nonlinearity: 1:1 Resonance Manifold and Transient Bridging Orbits

The purpose of this study is to highlight and explain the vigorous energy transfers that may take place in a linear oscillator weakly coupled to an essentially nonlinear attachment, termed a nonlinear energy sink. Although these energy exchanges are encountered during the transient dynamics of the damped system, it is shown that the dynamics can be interpreted mainly in terms of the periodic orbits of the underlying Hamiltonian system. To this end, a frequency-energy plot gathering the periodic orbits of the system is constructed which demonstrates that, thanks to a 1:1 resonance capture, energy can be irreversibly and almost completely transferred from the linear oscillator to the nonlinear attachment. Furthermore, it is observed that this nonlinear energy pumping is triggered by the excitation of transient bridging orbits compatible with the nonlinear attachment being initially at rest, a common feature in most practical applications. A parametric study of the energy exchanges is also performed to understand the influence of the parameters of the nonlinear energy sink. Finally, the results of experimental measurements supporting the theoretical developments are discussed. This study was carried out while the author was a postdoctoral fellow at the National Technical University of Athens and at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.     

Dynamic stability of electrostatic torsional actuators with van der Waals effect

The influence of van der Waals (vdW) force on the stability of electrostatic torsional nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) actuators is analyzed in the paper. The dependence of the critical tilting angle and voltage is investigated on the sizes of structure with the consideration of vdW effects. The pull-in phenomenon without the electrostatic torque is studied, and a critical pull-in gap is derived. A dimensionless equation of motion is presented, and the qualitative analysis of it shows that the equilibrium points of the corresponding autonomous system include center points, stable focus points, and unstable saddle points. The Hopf bifurcation points and fork bifurcation points also exist in the system. The phase portraits connecting these equilibrium points exhibit periodic orbits, heteroclinic orbits, as well as homoclinic orbits.     

Theoretical and Experimental Study of Multimodal Targeted Energy Transfer in a System of Coupled Oscillators

The purpose of this study is the theoretical and experimental investigation of targeted energy transfers from a two-degree-of-freedom primary structure to a nonlinear energy sink (NES). It is demonstrated that an NES can resonate with and extract energy from both modes of the primary structure. By facilitating these energy transfers, notably through excitation of appropriate periodic and quasi-periodic orbits, one can promote dissipation of a major portion of externally induced energy in the nonlinear attachment.     

Bifurcations of periodic solutions for plane mappings

In this paper,using some techniques,we prove that there exists the regular homoclinic point for Taylor mapping with 4相似文献   

Dynamics of spiral waves driven by a dichotomous periodic signal

We study the effects of a dichotomous periodic force on meandering and rigidly rotating spiral waves. For a meandering state, the periodic forcing induces more modulating frequencies according to the rules of frequency-locked relations and linear combinations. It can also generate some unique closed tip orbits. On the modulating period T-axis, there exist all kinds of resonant entrainment bands. Arnold tongues exist in the period-amplitude space. The width of entrainment bands is affected by the symmetry of positive and negative parts in each signal unit. In addition, appropriate choices of T-value can be used to eliminate spiral waves. For a rigidly rotating state, the periodic forcing can induce a transition toward meandering spiral waves via generating a transitive bidirectional spiral wave. It is very interesting that, after the transition, the meandering spiral wave has the same primary rotating period as the free meandering states.     

Simple model of bouncing ball dynamics: displacement of the table assumed as quadratic function of time

Nonlinear dynamics of a bouncing ball moving in gravitational field and colliding with a moving limiter is considered. Displacement of the limiter is a quadratic function of time. Several dynamical modes, such as fixed points, 2-cycles, grazing and chaotic bands are studied analytically and numerically. It is shown that chaotic bands appear due to homoclinic structures created from unstable 2-cycles in a corner-type bifurcation.     

Detecting unstable periodic orbits and unstable quasiperiodic orbits in vibro-impact systems

In this paper, unstable dynamics is considered for the models of vibro-impact systems with linear differential equations coupled to an impact map. To provide a skeleton for the organization of chaotic attractors, we propose a method for detecting unstable periodic orbits embedded in chaotic attractors through a combination of unconstrained optimization technique and Poincaré map. Three numerical examples from different vibro-impact models demonstrate that the strategy can efficiently detect unstable periodic orbits in chaotic attractors. In order to explore the mechanism responsible for the creation of multi-dimensional tori attractors, we also present another method to detect unstable quasiperiodic orbits embedded multi-dimensional tori attractors by examining a specially transient time series. The upper bound and lower bound of the transient time series (in the Poincaré map) can be obtained by analyzing transient Lyapunov exponent and transient Lyapunov dimension. Some examples verify the effectiveness of the numerical algorithm.