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1.
用概率推断法确定多工况二维疲劳设计谱的载荷最大值   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
对各工况下的二维疲劳载荷,采用权系数的方法,合成并获得了多工况下的二维载荷联合概率密度函数。并由超越概率10-6对载荷进行外推,研究了确定多工况下二维疲劳设计谱中载荷最大值的概率推断——最速下降法的计算方法和步骤。实例的分析与比较,说明该方法是合理的和准确的,并由载荷最大值的分级和计算,编制了多工况下的8×8的二维疲劳设计谱。  相似文献   

2.
原始载荷谱下拖拉机半轴的疲劳寿命预测   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用SN-25拖拉机半轴的疲劳寿命表达和Miner定则,预测了半轴在其原始载荷谱下的疲劳寿命,预测结果与用户使用调查结果相符合。  相似文献   

3.
谱载荷下疲劳裂纹扩展随机规律的实验研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
简要介绍了谱载荷下疲劳裂纹扩展试验的理论基础、方法和过程。讨论了各种数据处理方法对参数估计的影响,研究了疲劳裂纹扩展的随机规律。由试验得到的疲劳裂纹扩展试验数据估计了裂纹扩展方程的参数,计算出结构可靠度曲线,通过对试验结果的分析难证了以下结论:以时间为参量的裂纹扩展随机过程模型和以裂纹长度为参量的模型在一定条件下是统一的;数据处理方法的选择与可靠性分析的结果有密切的联系;裂纹扩展寿命受裂纹扩展队机  相似文献   

4.
层板复合材料的疲劳剩余刚度衰退模型   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
根据层板复合材料在疲劳载荷作用下刚度衰退变化的现象,研究了疲劳载荷对层板复合材料刚度衰退的影响,建立了一个用于描述层板复合材料在常幅疲劳载荷作用下的刚度衰退模型,导出了剩余刚度统计分布的表达式,给出了确定模型参数的方法。利用该随机模型,可以预报层板复合材料在给定应力水平的疲劳载荷作用下循环指定周次时剩余刚度的统计分析。实验数据表明,理论预报和实验结果符合得很好。  相似文献   

5.
随机超载对疲劳裂纹扩展迟滞效应的模拟   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
考虑超载的迟滞效应,对随机超载作用下的疲劳裂纹扩展进行了模拟计算.载荷谱为在基本恒幅循环载荷基础上加入一以泊松流发生的随机超载序列,超载的大小为均匀分布.采用裂纹闭合模型考虑超载的迟滞效应,认为裂纹张开应力在超载引起的塑性区内按线性规律衰减.循环续循环模拟计算出裂纹从初始长度一直到疲劳破坏的扩展曲线.据此,计算了各种超载发生强度和大小下的疲劳裂纹扩展寿命的平均值与标准差。  相似文献   

6.
提出一种新的估算谱载荷下疲劳寿命的方法,即累积破坏率法,该方法根据等幅试验结果,推导出母体的特性,从而利用累积破坏率法估算谱载荷下的疲劳寿命,该方法简便实用,其预测能力明显优于其它方法。  相似文献   

7.
目前针对既受气动静压力又受声载荷的结构,试验考核时大部分是静强度与声疲劳寿命分开考核,但是气动静压产生的拉伸平均应力会影响结构的声疲劳寿命,本研究提供一种气动环境下结构噪声载荷谱编制方法,将气动静压对结构寿命的影响等效到声载荷中,便于在实验室中进行疲劳寿命验证。通过有限元研究了气动静压对结构振动特性和响应特性的影响,计算得到了不同压力情况下结构的振动特性,并且得到了气动静压与声载荷联合作用下结构的响应,根据相应材料的随机S-N曲线计算得到不同静压下结构的声疲劳寿命,得出了气动静压达到一定值会严重影响结构声疲劳寿命的结论。随后利用修正Goodman公式将平均应力非零状态的动应力转化为零平均应力时的动应力,然后根据损伤等效关系将气动静压对结构寿命的影响等效到声载荷中。研究给出了气动环境下结构噪声载荷谱编制方法。  相似文献   

8.
层板复合材料的疲劳剩余刚度统计分布模型   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
在分析现有关于层板复合材料疲劳剩余刚度衰退模型的基础上,根据层板复合材料在疲劳载荷作用下刚度衰退变化的现象,研究了疲劳载荷对层板复合材料刚度衰退的影响,建立了一个新的、更为合理的用于描述层板复合材料在常幅疲劳载荷作用下的刚度衰退模型,导出了剩余刚度统计分布的表达式,给出了确定模型参数的方法。为验证该模型,设计了几组测试实验,并利用试验结果对模型参数进行了估计。利用该统计分布模型,可以预报层板复合材料在给定应力水平的疲劳载荷作用下循环指定周次时剩余刚度的统计分布。实验数据表明,理论预报和实验结果符合得是很好的。  相似文献   

9.
为了更加科学准确地编制滚圈疲劳损伤危险点的疲劳载荷谱,以广泛应用于大型回转窑的箱型滚圈为研究对泉,对滚圈进行了力学分析.确定了滚圈与筒体、托轮接触的边界条件.综合考虑力和温度的影响因素,建立了滚圈托轮的接触体系模型.针对孔缘危险点,分别作滚圈最低点的孔中心处于0°、3.75°、7.5°三个时刻的稳态热力耦合有限元分析,选取滚圈圆周方向上的应力作为疲劳载荷谱的载荷应力,得出了孔缘危险点的疲劳载荷谱,该载荷谱反映出了温度和截面周期性变化对应力状态的影响,为后续的滚圈强度与疲劳寿命分析提供依据.  相似文献   

10.
本文针对脆性材料的紧凑拉伸(CT)试件,提出了在复合疲劳载荷作用下预制疲劳裂纹的新方法,用此方法预制出7060-T6铝合金的CT试件疲劳裂纹并测试其断裂韧性。由于采用了框架结构和螺旋结构在CT试件的两侧面施加压缩载荷,在拉伸疲劳载荷作用下产生与之方向相反的压缩疲劳载荷,形成复合疲劳载荷,引起应力强度因子范围ΔK的下降,导致裂纹扩展速率的降低,从而控制了疲劳预制裂纹长度。此压缩疲劳载荷值用贴电阻片方法和组成全桥原理测定出。在一定拉伸疲劳载荷和压缩载荷下,可成功地预制出所需的疲劳裂纹长度。  相似文献   

11.
Dynamic response of tower cranes coupled with the pendulum motions of the payload is studied in this paper. A simple perturbation scheme and the assumption of small pendulum angle are applied to simplify the governing equation. The tower crane is modeled by the finite element method, while the pendulum motion is represented as rigid-body kinetics. Integrated governing equations for the coupled dynamics problem are derived based on Lagrange’s equations including the dissipation function. Dynamics of a real luffing crane model with the spherical and planar pendulum motions is analyzed using the proposed formulations and computational method. It is found that the dynamic responses of the tower crane are dominated by both the first few natural frequencies of crane structure and the pendulum motion of the payload. The dynamic amplification factors generally increase with the increase of the initial pendulum angle and the changes are just slightly nonlinear for the planar pendulum motion.  相似文献   

12.
风荷载是大型冷却塔建筑设计的主要荷载之一,通过风振时域分析可以全面地了解塔身的风振响应特性。本文探讨了采用线性滤波法中的自回归模型(auto-regressive,AR)模拟大型冷却塔风致振动响应的数值方法。首先根据AR模型,基于随机模拟方法,计算冷却塔表面不同高度的随机脉动风压。通过将随机脉动风压和平均风压作为冷却塔表面的外载,采用有限元分析软件计算某冷却塔的风致振动响应。结果表明,基于随机脉动风荷载模拟的数值计算方法,能正确反映冷却塔塔身的风振响应。该方法特别适用于冷却塔高度超出规范要求的情况下,评估冷却塔的风振响应。  相似文献   

13.
When a tower crane is handling payload via rotation and moving the carriage simultaneously the jib structure and the payload can be modeled as a system consisting of a slewing flexible clamed-free beam with the spherical payload pendulum that moves along the beam. The present work completes the dynamic modeling of the system mentioned above. The clamed-free beam attached to a rotating hub is modeled by Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. The payload is modeled as a sphere pendulum of point mass attached to via massless inextensible cable the carriage moving on the rotating beam. Non-linear coupled equations of motion of the in- and out-of-plane of the beam and the payload pendulum are derived by means of the Hamilton principle. Some remarks are made on the equations of motion.  相似文献   

14.
冰载荷是海上风机在寒区安全运行的重要影响因素之一,由其引发的冰激振动给风机结构带来了严重的危害. 本文通过离散元(discrete element method, DEM)-有限元(finiteelement method, FEM)耦合方法建立了寒区单桩式风机结构的 冰激振动模型.采用具有粘结-破碎性能的球体离散单元描述平整海冰损伤破坏行为,采用梁单元和三角形平板壳单元构造带有抗冰锥体的单桩式风机有限元模型.采用DEM-FEM耦合方法模拟不同冰速、冰厚条件下单桩式风机与平整冰相互作用过程,并且与IEC规范和ISO标准经验公式对比验证该耦合模型计算冰载荷的准确性.对比风机塔筒顶端和基础顶端的位移和加速度响 应时程,定性地给出风机结构不同部位振动响应行为差异性.风机不同部位动力特性差异原因为风机结构独特结构特点:下部为大刚度桩基和上部为高柔度塔筒,使其动力特征表现为主从式结构特性. “主-从式结构”特征使得结构在复杂的冰载荷作用下,风机塔筒(子结构)和桩基(主结构)表现为不同的响应行为,风机不同部位振动周期和加速度谱两者出现差异. 本文研究成果为海上风机抗冰设计和疲劳分析提供了有益参考.   相似文献   

15.
Cargo Pendulation Reduction of Ship-Mounted Cranes   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Masoud  Z. N.  Nayfeh  A. H.  Mook  D. T. 《Nonlinear dynamics》2004,35(3):299-311
Ship-mounted cranes are used to transfer cargo from large container ships to smaller lighters when deep-water ports are not available. The wave-induced motion of the crane ship can produce large pendulations of the cargo being hoisted and cause operations to be suspended. In this work, we show that it is possible to reduce these pendulations significantly by controlling the slew and luff angles of the boom. Such a control can be achieved with the heavy equipment that is already part of the crane so that retrofitting existing cranes would require a small effort. Moreover, the control is superimposed on the commands of the operator transparently. The successful control strategy is based on delayed feedback of the angles of the cargo-hoisting cable in and out of the plane of the boom and crane tower. Its effectiveness is demonstrated in a fully nonlinear three-dimensional computer simulation and in an experiment with a 1/24th-scale model of a T-ACS (The Auxiliary Crane Ship) crane mounted on a platform moving with three degrees of freedom. The results demonstrate that the pendulations can be significantly reduced, and therefore the range of sea conditions in which cargo-transfer operations can take place can be greatly expanded.  相似文献   

16.
本文针对大型桩基础的地震反应问题,以上海“东方明珠”广播电视塔桩基础为工程背景,采用梁单元模拟桩的运动,用8节点块体单元对土体进行离散,通过凝聚法消去桩(梁)节点的转动自由度,建立了“东方明珠”电视塔中央部位桩基础的三维有限元分析模型,对桩基础的动力特性进行了计算与分析。在此基础上,以文献[1]根据地震危险性分析和土层反应分析后获得的桩尖处加速度时程作为输入,对桩基础的动力反应进行时程分析,探讨了桩-土动力相互作用和上部结构等因素对地震地面运动和桩承台反应的影响,得到了一些有应用价值的结果。  相似文献   

17.
对输电塔进行合理简化可以提高塔线体系动力学仿真的效率。本文给出自立塔梁柱简化模型的计算方法,并提出利用梁柱简化模型计算方法建立自立塔塔线体系整体模型,同时采用桁梁混合模型建立精细化塔线体系整体模型,对两种模型塔线体系静力特性及振型和固有频率等动力特性进行对比分析。以脱冰工况为例,采用生死单元技术将施加在输电线节点上的集中质量单元杀死来模拟脱冰,实现对塔线体系动力学响应的有限元模拟,研究塔线体系简化模型在动态响应中的适用性。结果表明,两种模型弯曲变形误差小,低阶的振型相同,固有频率值误差小,动力特性基本相同;脱冰工况下,自立塔节点位移和塔材内力时程曲线一致,在提高计算效率的情况下,能有效保证计算精度。  相似文献   

18.
This paper is concerned with modelling of the behaviour of container cranes under seismic loadings. For this purpose, physical and mathematical models are prepared. A six degrees-of-freedom non-linear mathematical model is developed in order to understand the dynamic behaviour of cranes under the seismic loadings. In order to determine the seismic behaviour of the container cranes against earthquakes, a 1/20 scaled crane model was designed and constructed. For the comparison of the models, the real earthquake records were used. The results are used to observe the destructive effects and compared with the period values of the most critical sections on the crane structure. When time and frequency domains are compared, it is seen that mathematical modelling of the container crane structure shows reasonable results under dynamic loadings. It will be available to take precautions and to increase seismic performance of cranes with the help of the developed dynamic model. Also, the developed mathematical model will be able to be used as a crane model in active vibration control studies in order to decrease the structural vibrations on container cranes.  相似文献   

19.
Self-tuning fuzzy logic controllers (STFLC) for the active control of Marmara Kocaeli Earthquake excited crane structures are studied in this paper. Vibration control using intelligent controllers, such as fuzzy logic has attracted the attention of structural control engineers during the last few years, because fuzzy logic can handle, uncertainties and heuristic knowledge and even non-linearities effectively and easily. The improved seismic control performance can be achieved by converting a simply designed static gain into a real time variable dynamic gain through a self-tuning mechanism. A self-tuning fuzzy logic controller is designed to reduce the vibrations of the crane structure. The simulated system has a five degrees-of-freedom and modeled system was simulated against the ground motion of the Marmara Kocaeli Earthquake (M w =7.4) in Turkey on August 17, 1999. At the end of the study, the time history of the crane bridge and portal legs displacements, accelerations, and frequency responses of the both uncontrolled and controlled cases are presented. Additionally, the performance of the designed STFLC is also compared with a PD controller. Simulations of an earthquake excited bridge and portal legs are performed to prove the validity of proposed control strategy.  相似文献   

20.
以西安钟楼为研究背景, 建立了钟楼-土层-隧道结构三者共同作用的三维有限元模型, 通过动力有限元分析得到了模拟地铁列车载荷作用下钟楼的振动响应规律; 根据现场全天候监测, 得到了钟楼在地面交通载荷作用下的振动响应; 在此基础上, 利用SRSS方法将二者进行叠加, 从而得到了钟楼木结构在地面和地下交通载荷共同作用下的动力响应, 并根据规范对其进行 了评估, 所得结论为今后相近古建筑在交通振动载荷作用下的响应分析及评估提供 了参考依据.  相似文献   

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