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1.
车辆-桥梁耦合振动研究具有重要的理论意义和工程实用价值,耦合系统运动方程的建立是研究开展的关键。本文将车辆-桥梁作为一个整体系统,采取轮轨竖向刚性接触方式,考虑轨道竖向、横向不平顺及其一、二阶导数,和轮对侧滚惯性力以及自旋角动量的影响,车辆采用弹簧阻尼连接的多刚体模拟,桥梁采用空间梁单元离散,基于Kalker线性蠕滑理论结合Shen-Hedrick-Elkins修正理论计算轮轨蠕滑力,运用弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理及其对号入座法则,推导了车辆-桥梁耦合系统空间有限元形式的运动方程,该运动方程可采用逐步积分法直接求解得到车辆和桥梁的动力响应。最后,本文给出了典型的数值算例进行了分析计算。  相似文献   

2.
为了考虑高速列车、板式无砟轨道和桥梁相互作用的特点,需将列车模拟为质量-弹簧-阻尼多刚体相互约束的系统,通过列车车轮与钢轨的接触关系,建立车-轨-桥耦合系统的运动方程。重点分析了双线列车以不同工况通过高速铁路桥梁时,列车行驶状态(速度和加速度)、列车悬挂系数和钢轨-轨道-桥梁连接参数分别对车-轨-桥耦合系统的动力学性能影响。结果表明,(1)列车的加速度和速度的变化对耦合系统有不同程度的影响,随着列车行驶速度与加速度在一定范围内增加,车体自身结构的位移振动响应逐渐减小,而钢轨和桥梁结构的位移振动响应则不断增加;(2)列车悬挂参数的改变对列车自身结构影响较大,而对钢轨和桥梁结构影响很小;(3)车体一系刚度系数增大会引起列车系统结构振动响应变大,但车体二系刚度系数的增加却抑制了车体结构的振动响应;(4)除了钢轨的最大加速度随着连续刚度系数增加呈线性递减外,列车、钢轨和桥梁的振动响应不易受钢轨与桥梁间连接参数的影响。  相似文献   

3.
宋郁民  吴定俊  李奇 《力学季刊》2013,34(2):240-245
本文基于车辆-直线桥梁的耦合振动分析理论,采用模态叠加法,建立车辆-曲线桥梁的耦合振动方程。采用移动坐标系,通过坐标变换,解决车辆曲线通过时轮轨耦合的几何关系。依据赫兹弹性接触理论,考虑密贴接触和非密贴接触,求解轮轨接触力。基于车辆直线运动的Kalker线形蠕滑理论,修正后得出车辆曲线运行的蠕滑率。同时,在广义力向量中考虑了车辆曲线运动时产生的离心力和超高分力。采用分离迭代法求解运动方程,得出车桥耦合振动响应。基于这些理论分析,结合某小半径曲线上长大桥梁工程实例,进行列车-曲线桥梁的车桥耦合振动数值分析,得出了车辆通过小半径曲线上长大桥梁的一些车桥振动特性和规律。  相似文献   

4.
列车-桥梁耦合振动研究综述   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
王宁波  任伟新  肖祥 《力学进展》2012,42(5):634-643
针对列车-桥梁耦合振动问题,从模型分类与建立、轮轨接触、数值计算、工程应用等4个方面综述了20世纪60年代至今,特别是近20年以来的研究进展,总结了已经取得的成就与结论.并指出建立更加精细合理、运算效率高的列车-桥梁耦合振动模型,综合考虑整个体系中的各种因素,更系统地分析车、桥相互作用的影响关系,将成为列车-桥梁耦合振动研究的必然趋势.  相似文献   

5.
低雷诺数下弹性圆柱体涡激振动及影响参数分析   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
利用Fluent软件数值求解不可压缩粘性流体的N-S方程,研究均匀来流Re=200时弹性圆柱体的涡激振动.圆柱体运动简化为质量-弹簧-阻尼系统,将Newmark-β方法代码写入用户自定义函数(UDF)求解运动方程,柱体与流体间的非线性耦合作用通过动网格技术实现.详细分析了涡激力系数、柱体位移特征值和尾流涡结构随频率比的变化关系,获得"相位开关"、"拍"等现象.考虑流向振动对横向振动影响时,圆柱体最大横向振幅为0.65倍直径.当固定频率比,而质量比或折合阻尼增大时,圆柱体流向与横向振动均呈非线性衰减趋势,但增大质量比对流向平均位移的偏离起到更好的控制效果.  相似文献   

6.
根据列车具体的轴距和轴重,建立了和谐号动车组CRH380AL型列车简化模型;对高速铁路两跨连续梁桥采用多自由度欧拉伯努利梁单元进行主梁的模拟,并将液体黏滞阻尼器模拟为有限元阻尼单元;采用Newmark直接积分方法求解了高速列车作用下的连续梁桥运动方程,数值分析了列车车速以及液体黏滞阻尼器的阻尼系数对于高速铁路连续梁桥振动响应的影响。结果表明:黏滞阻尼器对于桥梁具有明显的减振效果,阻尼力不仅与阻尼系数有关还与列车时速有关;同一黏滞阻尼器条件下,桥梁的最大加速度并不随列车速度的增加而单调增加,而是在某些特定列车车速下桥梁的最大加速度出现了峰值,且随着黏滞阻尼器的阻尼系数增大,桥梁振动响应峰值处的最大加速度减幅不同;同一列车时速的条件下,桥梁的减振效果并不是随着阻尼系数的递增呈正比递增,而是随着阻尼系数的增大,阻尼器的减振效果增幅在减小。  相似文献   

7.
车桥耦合振动迭代求解数值稳定性问题   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
吴定俊  李奇  陈艾荣 《力学季刊》2007,28(3):405-411
本文首先建立简化的等效弹簧振子模型进行车桥耦合振动迭代求解稳定性理论分析,然后将分析结论推广到复杂车桥系统进行验证.论文揭示了迭代不收敛的机理,再现了分离迭代发散的现象,提出了解决或者改善迭代稳定性的方法.研究表明迭代计算稳定性主要由所采用的轮轨接触假设决定,轮轨密贴接触假设是迭代不收敛的主要根源,而采用轮轨非密贴接触假设基本不会导致迭代不收敛.若采用轮轨密贴接触假设,在足够小的积分步长下,轮对质量与轮轨接触处桥梁单元的节点集中质量之比是影响迭代稳定性的关键因素,而桥梁和车辆系统的刚度、阻尼是影响迭代稳定性的次要因素.可采取如下方法改善迭代稳定性:忽略轮对惯性力对桥梁的作用,采用迭代加速技术,选用较大的时间积分步长等.  相似文献   

8.
车-桥-线竖平面振动及其能量转化机制精细建模   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
建立了考虑车-桥(线)纵向振动及其能量相互转化机制的竖平面内精细耦合运动方程.将车-桥(线)视为一个整体系统,车辆各剐体的纵向运动均作为独立的自由度,考虑到车-桥(线)纵向振动及其能量相互转化机制,车辆驱动或制动作用采用轮轨间的纵向相互作用力和轮对作用力矩模拟,桥梁、线路结构采用梁单元离散,线路与桥梁之间的钢轨基础采用竖向和纵向的均布弹簧阻尼连接,建立了竖平面内精细耦合运动方程,它可合理模拟车桥(线)间能量相互转化的过程.简支梁桥算例表明:车辆在桥上无驱动或制动运行过程中,不考虑轨道结构时车速先增加后减小,而考虑轨道结构时车速只有减小的趋势,轮对还发生了高频的纵向振动,且车体和轮对的纵向振动对轨道竖向不平顺较为敏感;此外,考虑轮轨滚动碾压作用和能量转化机制时,钢轨加速度响应略偏大.本文研究可为实际车辆动态变速运行的模拟和更精细空间耦合模型的建立提供研究基础.  相似文献   

9.
轮轨横向接触过程时域计算模型的建立与分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
为研究轮轨横向接触过程稳定性对曲线啸叫噪声的影响,利用改进的新型摩擦系数模型计算了轮轨接触面上的摩擦力变化,在考虑车轮横向、垂向动力学特性的基础上建立了轮轨横向接触系统时域模型。针对S型辐板辗钢整体车轮分析了横向蠕滑量和车轮阻尼对该系统的稳定性影响。结果表明,轮轨接触面上动静摩擦力之间的落差引起的粘滞一滑动形式的自激振动是引起曲线啸叫噪声的主要原因,增大车轮模态阻尼使其大干等效阻尼的临界值,或减小轮轨问横向蠕滑量使其小于0.0024可以使系统稳定,轮轨间的垂向刚度和阻尼会使系统不稳定频率与车轮模态频率产生偏移。  相似文献   

10.
根据车辆左右轮的互功率谱密度和相干函数,推导了左右轮桥面不平顺特性中对应相位角的相干关系,提出了采用相位角相干生成车辆各轮相干桥面不平顺激励的方法,并通过数值算例验证了该生成方法的可靠性.工程应用结果表明,车辆各轮相干桥面不平顺激励增大了桥梁、车辆竖向和车辆俯仰角的振动响应,但降低了车辆侧倾角的振动响应;不同相干函数模型对桥梁振动响应影响较小,但对车辆振动响应影响较大;同一相干函数模型,桥梁振动响应随着相干强度的增大而增大,但车辆振动响应随着相干强度的增大而减小;研究桥面不平顺随机激励对车桥耦合系统振动响应的影响有必要考虑车辆各轮的相干关系.  相似文献   

11.
轮轨滚动接触力学的发展   总被引:19,自引:1,他引:18  
轮轨滚动接触力学主要研究轮轨滚动接触过程中的作用行为。 由于其研究的复杂性,目前在该领域的研究已基本形成既独立又关联 的六个分支,它们分别是轮轨滚动接触蠕滑率/力理论、轮轨粘着、 接触表面波浪形磨损、轮轨滚动疲劳、脱轨和轮轨噪音。本文综述了 这几个方面研究的发展历史和现状。由于轮轨滚动接触作用的研究又 是以轮轨滚动接触蠕滑率/力理论为基础的,故本文着重评述目前常 用于车辆/轨道动力学和轮轨关系研究中几个经典滚动接触理论模型 的优缺点。根据实际工程中轮轨作用存在的严重问题,并提出轮轨滚 动接触理论及其试验在今后的研究方向和所要考虑的有关重要因素。  相似文献   

12.
When the operation speed of the high-speed train increases and the weight of the carbody becomes lighter,not only does the sensitivity of the wheel/rail contact get higher,but also the vibration frequency range of the vehicle system gets enlarged and more frequencies are transmitted from the wheelset to the carbody.It is important to investigate the vibration characteristics and the dynamic frequency transmission from the wheel/rail interface to the carbody of the high-speed electric multi-uint(EMU).An elastic highspeed vehicle dynamics model is established in which the carbody,bogieframes,and wheelsets are all dealt with as flexible body.A rigid high-speed vehicle dynamics model is set up to compare with the simulation results of the elastic model.In the rigid vehicle model,the carbody,bogieframes and wheelsets are treated as rigid component while the suspension and structure parameters are the same as used in the elastic model.The dynamic characteristic of the elastic high speed vehicle is investigated in time and frequency domains and the di ff erence of the acceleration,frequency distribution and transmission of the two types of models are presented.The results show that the spectrum power density of the vehicle decreases from the wheelset to the carbody and the acceleration transmission ratio is approximately from 1%to 10%for each suspension system.The frequency of the wheelset rotation is evident in the vibration of the flexible model and is transmitted from the wheelset to the bogieframe and to thecarbody.The results of the flexible model are more reasonable than that of the rigid model.A field test data of the high speed train are presented to verify the simulation results.It shows that the simulation results are coincident with the field test data.  相似文献   

13.
This paper investigates the derailment of trains moving on multi-span simply supported bridges with foundation settlements or rotations. Rail irregularities, train–track–bridge interactions, and wheel/rail separations were considered in the three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis. A moving spring-mass with separation and contact modes was used to validate the proposed finite element model. In the parametric study, finite element results indicate that foundation settlements or rotations cause sharp displacements between two simply supported girders, which generate large train derailment coefficients. The train derailment coefficients rise with increased train speed, and they greatly increase at a critical speed. The time history displacements of a train obviously contain a jump when it passes a location with foundation settlements or rotations, so a warning system can be established using this measurement.  相似文献   

14.
Claus  Holger  Schiehlen  Werner 《Nonlinear dynamics》2004,36(2-4):299-311
A stability analysis and vibration studies are presented for a passenger coach model which is equipped with rigid or elastic wheels. The elastic components between wheel rim and disc act as third suspension reducing the unsprung mass and isolating the passenger coach from the high frequency motion of the wheel rim. The vertical and lateral motion by such a design requires a thorough analysis of the system dynamics. The excitation of the vertical vibrations by stochastic track irregularities results in acceleration amplitudes of the carbody that may generate droning noise. A parameter study of spring and damper coefficients of the system with radialelastic wheels leads to considerably reduced droning noise and lower force level between wheel and rail. Furthermore, the eigenmotion of a rigid and an elastic wheelset rolling on a track, the so-called hunting, is investigated. The variation of the spring and damper coefficients shows limits to guarantee the stability of the system.  相似文献   

15.
As a vehicle passing through a track with different weld irregularities, the dynamic performance of track com- ponents is investigated in detail by using a coupled vehi- cle-track model. In the model, the vehicle is modeled as a multi-body system with 35 degrees of freedom, and a Timoshenko beam is used to model the rails which are dis- cretely supported by sleepers. In the track model, the sleepers are modeled as rigid bodies accounting for their vertical, lat- eral and rolling motions and assumed to move backward at a constant speed to simulate the vehicle running along the track at the same speed. In the study of the coupled vehicle and track dynamics, the Hertizian contact theory and the theory proposed by Shen-Hedrick-Elkins are, respectively, used to calculate normal and creep forces between the wheel and the rails. In the calculation of the normal forces, the coefficient of the normal contact stiffness is determined by transient contact condition of the wheel and rail surface. In the calcu- lation of the creepages, the lateral, roll-over motions of the rail and the fact that the relative velocity between the wheel and rail in their common normal direction is equal to zero are simultaneously taken into account. The motion equations of the vehicle and track are solved by means of an explicit integration method, in which the rail weld irregularities are modeled as local track vertical deviations described by some ideal cosine functions. The effects of the train speed, the axle load, the wavelength and depth of the irregularities, and the weld center position in a sleeper span on the wheel-rail impact loading are analyzed. The numerical results obtained are greatly useful in the tolerance design of welded rail pro- file irregularity caused by hand-grinding after rail welding and track maintenances.  相似文献   

16.
Dynamic responses of a carriage under excitation with the German high-speed low-interference track spectrum together with the air pressure pulse generated as high-speed trains passing each other are investigated with a multi-body dynamics method.The variations of degrees of freedom(DOFs:horizontal movement,roll angle,and yaw angle),the lateral wheel-rail force,the derailment coefficient and the rate of wheel load reduction with time when two carriages meet in open air are obtained and compared with the results of a single train travelling at specifie speeds.Results show that the rate of wheel load reduction increases with the increase of train speed and meets some safety standard at a certain speed,but exceeding the value of the rate of wheel load reduction does not necessarily mean derailment.The evaluation standard of the rate of wheel load reduction is somewhat conservative and may be loosened.The pressure pulse has significan effects on the train DOFs,and the evaluations of these safety indexes are strongly suggested in practice.The pressure pulse has a limited effect on the derailment coefficien and the lateral wheel-rail force,and,thus,their further evaluations may be not necessary.  相似文献   

17.
多体系统动力学中关节效应模型的研究进展   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
在一般的多体系统动力学研究中认为运动关节是理想运动副. 然而,实际中的运动关节不仅含有间隙与摩擦,还有间隙引起的关节元素之间的接触碰撞、局部变形和磨损. 多体系统动力学中的关节效应不仅引起了系统的振动和噪声,减小了系统的可靠性和寿命,而且损失了系统的精度和稳定性. 为此,对近十几年多体系统动力学中关节效应的研究进行了详细分析,总结了关节效应中间隙运动学模型、接触力模型与磨损模型在多体系统动力学中的建模过程. 其中,着重分析了多体系统动力学中关节磨损效应的研究进展,并对常用的Reye'shypothesis 和Archard 磨损模型进行了比较,详细地分析了Archard 磨损模型的演变形式以及主要磨损参数(接触应力,接触面积和滑移距离),特别分析了关键磨损参数接触应力的建模方法,解释了基于Winkler 弹性基础理论在求解接触应力时遇到的困难. 另外,介绍了4 种间隙运动副(转动副、移动副、圆柱副和球面副) 的运动学模型. 分析了考虑关节磨损多体系统动力学模型的一般建模方法,并以平面五杆机构为例说明了其建模过程.最后,简要地展望了多体系统动力学中关节效应模型的发展趋势以及应用前景.  相似文献   

18.
轨下支承失效对直线轨道动态响应的影响   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
建立了基于Timoshenko梁模型的车辆/轨道耦合动力学模型,分析轨下支承 失效对直线轨道动态响应的影响. 钢轨被视为连续弹性离散点支承上的无限长Timoshenko 梁,通过假设轨道系统刚度沿纵向分布发生突变来模拟轨下支承失效状态. 推导了考虑钢轨 横向、垂向和扭转运动的轮轨滚动接触蠕滑率计算公式. 利用Hertz法向接触理论和沈氏蠕 滑理论计算轮轨法向力及轮轨滚动接触蠕滑力. 采用移动轨下支承模型的车辆/轨道耦合系统 激振模式,考虑轨枕离散支承对系统动力响应的影响. 通过新型显式积分法求解车辆/轨道耦 合动力学系统运动方程,由数值分析计算得到不同轨下支承失效状态下直线轨道的动态响 应. 结果表明,轨下支承失效对直线轨道变形及加速度有显著的影响,随着失效轨下支承个 数的增加,轮轨相互作用力和轨道部件的位移、加速度将会急剧增大,将加速失效区段线路 状况的恶化.  相似文献   

19.
推导了铁道车辆轮轨接触的非完整约束方程,考虑动坐标系产生的惯性力和轮对转子的陀螺力矩效应,用绝对坐标法建立了任意曲线轨道动坐标系下轮对的动力学方程,通过迭代Lagrange乘子同时得到接触点法向力(理想约束反力)和蠕滑力(非理想约束反力)针对两点接触引起的数值积分不稳定,提出了等铲一点接触模型,最后通过验算了Pascal考题和仿真自由轮对的蛇行运动,验证了本文轮轨模型的正确性,为开发通用车辆动力学  相似文献   

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