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1.
王敏中 《力学与实践》2010,32(2):112-113
给出了极坐标中应力与应力函数关系式的一种直接推导.  相似文献   

2.
通过引入Airy应力函数,平面问题可以归结为在给定的边界条件下求解一个双调和方程.因此对双调和函数性质的研究将有利于平面问题的求解.首先给出一个有关双调和函数的引理,并分别从复变和微分两种角度提供该引理的证明.借助这个引理,提出了一种构造极坐标中Airy应力函数的观察法.最后,举例说明了该观察法在几个经典平面问题中的应用.这些例子说明,利用本的观察法可以将某些平面问题应力函数构造的过程简单化。  相似文献   

3.
文章给出了应力状态参数的定义,并与通常用来表达应力状态的罗代参数和软性系数比较,发现本文提出的应力状态参数可以更好地描述各种应力场的应力三向度.通过对不同应力场的应力状态的分析,作者指出了应力状态参数和脆断破坏间可能有些联系.有可能把应力状态参数作为一个辅助的评判参量.同时指出了应力状态参数的工程应用.  相似文献   

4.
在考虑远场非奇异应力σax、σoy、τ0影响的基础上,建立了Ⅰ-Ⅱ混合型裂纹应力强度因子与等差线条纹上点的极坐标间的非线性方程,为通过该方程确定应力强度因子,将θ=0及θ=π/2两极轴与三等差线条纹交点的坐标先后代入方程,并利用差分法得到了一种光弹性法确定Ⅰ-Ⅱ混合型裂纹应力强度因子的五参数法。作为实例,本文测定了环氧树脂及聚碳酸酯在不同载荷、不同裂纹条件下的应力强度因子,并将所得结果与相应的理论计算值及三参数法的结果进行了比较,发现本文提出的五参数法确定Ⅰ-Ⅱ混合型裂纹应力强度因子的方法,充分反映了远场非奇异应力的影响,所得结果精度较高。  相似文献   

5.
一种光弹性法确定应力强度因子的简便方法   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
在考虑远场非奇异应力σax影响的基础上,建立了Ⅰ-Ⅱ混合型裂纹问题应力强度因子K1、KⅡ与等差线条纹图上点的极坐标间的非线性方程,为确定KⅠ、KⅡ及σa,本文将θ=0及θ=π/2两级轴与两级不同条纹交点的坐标代入方程,从而得到了一种光强弹性法确定Ⅰ-Ⅱ混合型裂纹问题应力强度因子的简便方法。作为实例,本文一了环树脂及聚碳酸脂材料在不同载荷、不同裂纹条件下的应力强度因子,并将所得结果与相应的理论计算值  相似文献   

6.
基于辛弹性力学解析本征函数的有限元应力磨平方法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在实际工程结构的结构强度与优化等力学数值分析中,应力计算结果的精度是非常重要的。有限元法是得到最广泛应用的一类数值方法,并形成了众多通用的有限元程序系统。这些程序系统采用的几乎都是基于最小总势能的位移法,虽然其分析给出的有限元位移场具有较高的精度,但所得到的有限元应力场的精度较位移场大大降低。基于极坐标辛对偶体系所提供的平面弹性力学的解析辛本征展开解,并借用有限元程序系统所得到的节点位移,本文提出了一个应力分析的改进方法。数值结果表明,本方法给出的应力分析精度得到大幅提高,并具有良好的数值稳定性,可用于有限元程序系统的后处理,以提高应力尤其是关键区域应力的分析精度。  相似文献   

7.
文章给出了应力状态参数的定义,并与通常用来表达应力状态的罗代参数和软性系数比较,发现本文提出的应力状态参数可以更好地描述各种应力场的应力三向度.通过对不同应力场的应力状态的分析,作者指出了应力状态参数和脆断破坏间可能有些联系.有可能把应力状态参数作为一个辅助的评判参量.同时指出了应力状态参数的工程应用.  相似文献   

8.
建立了一个新的求解带圆孔薄板弹性问题的二维杂交应力单元,该单元为四节点四边形平面单元,名为P-HS4-8β.由极坐标系下的物理方程和几何方程求解出了一个极坐标方向的应力,通过将这个应力带入由Hellinger-Reissner原理推导的极坐标系下平面应力问题的能量方程中,得到消除了该应力的能量方程,基于这个能量方程建立杂交应力单元列式.根据圆孔边无外力条件和相容方程,推导了适用于求解带圆孔薄板问题的极坐标系下的二应力插值矩阵,并将此矩阵应用于新的有限单元列式中.数值算例表明新单元在求解孔边附近的应力时具有较高的精度.  相似文献   

9.
复杂应力状态应力坐标点的简单界定   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
复杂应力状态应力坐标点的简单界定薛福林(哈尔滨工业大学哈尔滨150006)在材料力学中,为了导出复杂应力状态正应力和剪应力的最大值,需要说明在应力坐标平面中,主单元体的任意斜截面的应力坐标点必在图1的阴影区域内。为此,现在的材料力学书中的办法是推导出...  相似文献   

10.
15万立米气柜残余应力及工作应力测试分析   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4  
张亦良  徐学东 《实验力学》1998,13(3):343-348
报导了15万立米大型煤气气柜挂圈走台的残余应力及气柜升降时工作应力的测试结果。该气柜服役十余年后发生煤气泄漏,为分析其原因,进行了残余应力及气柜修复前后的工作应力测试,结果表明:修复前残余应力及工作应力均达到很高水平,气柜升起时伴有严重侧偏现象,修复后应力状态有明显好转。  相似文献   

11.
Effect of surface stress on stress concentration near a spherical void in an elastic medium is examined in the framework of continuum surface elasticity. It is assumed that the void is of spherical shape, and the elastic medium is elastically isotropic and infinitely extended. By using the Papkovitch–Neuber displacement potentials, the elastic field caused by a unidirectional remote load is obtained explicitly. Numerical results show that the influence of surface stress becomes remarkable when the size of the void is reduced to nanometer scale, leading to that stress concentration near the void depends not only on the void size but also on the remote load.  相似文献   

12.
Chan Man Fong  C. F.  De Kee  D. 《Rheologica Acta》1992,31(5):490-495
The stress relaxation function after steady shear flow and the stress growth function at inception of steady flow are derived for several constitutive equations of the integral and differential types. Relationships between these functions are deduced and discussed.  相似文献   

13.
A systematic study utilizing the experimental method of reflected photoelasticity was undertaken to determine the effects of assembly stress on the stresses around circular holes under uniaxial tension. The assembly stresses are the result of the contact and bearing stresses between the bolts and the member. It has been concluded that assembly stress contributes to reducing the stresses around the hole.  相似文献   

14.
In this paper, a 3-node triangular element for couple stress theory is proposed based on the assumed stress quasi-conforming method. The formulation starts from polynomial approximation of stresses. Then the stress-function matrix is treated as the weighted function to weaken the strain-displacement equations. Finally, the string-net functions are introduced to calculate strain integration and the stress smooth technique is adopted to improve the stress accuracy. Numerical results show that the proposed new model can pass the C~(0-1) patch test with excellent precision, does not exhibit extra zero energy modes and can capture the scale effects of microstructure.  相似文献   

15.
A method for the resolution of all stress components from the first invariant J1 measured by thermoelastic stress analyzer is described. This method may be used to determine, not only surface stress, but also internal stress and stress on the underside.The method is based on the following procedure:
1. (1) Pick an arbitrary domain Ω, within the structure, for which the stresses are required.
2. (2) Measure J1 on the surface of Ω.
3. (3) Determine the optimum traction along the boundary Γ, which is a part of Ω, by the least squares method such that the difference between the measured J1 and the calculated J1 is at a minimum. Either FEM or BEM may be used for this calculation.
Examples of stress resolution for a two-dimensional stress concentration problem and a three-dimensional stress concentration problem are shown. The accuracy of the stress resolution is discussed.  相似文献   

16.
The acoustoelastic stress analysis is based on the fact that an initially isotropic material becomes anisotropic under stress. The birefringent effect for polarized ultrasonic shear waves in the stressed material will then be similar to the photoelastic effect in which a light wave and a transparent model specimen are used. In this paper, the velocity differences of acoustical, perpendicularly polarized waves are measured directly by a ‘sing-around’ method using a 5-MHz shear-type transducer. The residual-stress distribution in a mild-steel circular plate with a concentrically patch-welded joint is measured by this method. The acoustoelastic coefficient is obtained separately by uniaxial testing of the base material. The results show that the acoustical stress measurement, carried out nondestructively, agrees well with those obtained by conventional destructive methods as well as with theoretical predictions.  相似文献   

17.
Applying two identities for divergence-free non-symmetric and symmetric second-order tensors, novel type of first- and second-order stress functions are proposed for three-dimensional elasticity problems. It is shown that self-equilibrated but non-symmetric 3D stress fields can be generated by one first-order stress function vector, whereas a self-equilibrated and symmetric 3D stress field can be generated by one Airy-type second-order stress function. Assuming linearly elastic materials, the zero-energy modes of the stress functions introduced are derived and investigated. It is pointed out that the structure of the zero-energy modes of the proposed first-order stress function vector is the same as that of the rigid-body displacements in the linear theory of elasticity.  相似文献   

18.
Using Beltrami-Schaefer stress function in the theory of elasticity in this paper, we derive the stress functions of torsion, plane problem, axisymmetric deformation in solid of revolution and torsion on solid of revolution.  相似文献   

19.
A review of the methods for obtaining the normal stress differences in simple shear flow from force measurements on the walls of apparatus in which curvilinear shear flows are generated is given. Indirect methods, for example the flow birefringence method, are considered. Some new work on normal stress measurement using cone and plate, parallel plate pressure distribution and total thrust measurements in conjunction with flow birefringence methods are reviewed. The difficulties found in obtaining consistant results are discussed.Paper presented at the Conference on Experimental Rheology, University of Bradford, April 17–19, 1968. — Original paper published in Rheo. Acta,7, 368 (1968).  相似文献   

20.
The notion of natural stress tensors is introduced, which are tensors obtained from Cauchy and Kirchhoff stress tensors by operations of mapping, halfmapping, and mixed mapping of the actual configuration onto the reference configuration, and also onto two intermediate configurations. A complete class of natural stress tensors is obtained and analyzed.  相似文献   

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