Generalized mixed finite element method for 3D elasticity problems

Without applying any stable element techniques in the mixed methods, two simple generalized mixed element(GME) formulations were derived by combining the minimum potential energy principle and Hellinger–Reissner(H–R) variational principle. The main features of the GME formulations are that the common C0-continuous polynomial shape functions for displacement methods are used to express both displacement and stress variables, and the coefficient matrix of these formulations is not only automatically symmetric but also invertible. Hence, the numerical results of the generalized mixed methods based on the GME formulations are stable. Displacement as well as stress results can be obtained directly from the algebraic system for finite element analysis after introducing stress and displacement boundary conditions simultaneously. Numerical examples show that displacement and stress results retain the same accuracy. The results of the noncompatible generalized mixed method proposed herein are more accurate than those of the standard noncompatible displacement method. The noncompatible generalized mixed element is less sensitive to element geometric distortions.     

一种新的计算各向异性材料裂纹尖端应力强度因子杂交元法

利用有限元特征分析法研究了平面各向异性材料裂纹端部的奇性应力指数以及应力场和位移场的角分布函数,以此构造了一个新的裂纹尖端单元。文中利用该单元建立了研究裂纹尖端奇性场的杂交应力模型,并结合Hellinger-Reissner变分原理导出应力杂交元方程,建立了求解平面各向异性材料裂纹尖端问题的杂交元计算模型。与四节点单元相结合,由此提出了一种新的求解应力强度因子的杂交元法。最后给出了在平面应力和平面应变下求解裂纹尖端奇性场的算例。算例表明,本文所述方法不仅精度高,而且适应性强。     

偶应力问题的杂交／混合元分析

将弹性力学中Hellinger—Reissner交分原理推广到偶应力理论中，并以罚函数的形式引入其约束条件，提出了一种有效的杂交／混合单元。文中分别分析了带中心小孔平板在轴向均匀加载时的应力集中情况，以及含中问裂纹的无限平板单轴拉伸时的位移场和应力场。算例表明，该单元计算效率高，精度好，即使在材料本征长度很小时，仍然能够得到相当理想的结果。     

A new kind of mixed elements for shells of revolution subjected to arbitrary loads

In this paper a generalized variational principle with two-field variables is derived from the Reissner principle of elasticity in the curvilinear coordinates of a revolution shell, based on which, a new kind of mixed elements with independent transverse rotations is formulated for revolution shells subjected to harmonic external loads. The resultant-stress interpolations are carefully selected so that the shear part of the element stiffness contains the Kirchhoff hypothesis for thin shells and element stiffness matrices have correct ranks. The elements are free from shear locking and spurious kinematic modes. Numerical examples show that the new elements have good generality and high accuracy for thin and moderately-thick revolution shells.     

A new hybrid stress element method for the analysis of elastoplastic solids

Based on a modified Hellinger/Reissner variational principle which includes the equivalent stress, equivalent plastic strain and non-conforming displacement increments as independent variables, a quadrilateral isoparametric hybrid stress element for the analysis of elastoplastic problem is proposed. By this formulation, the yield criterion and flow rule are satisfied in an average sense and greater accuracy can be obtained by using non-conforming displacement. A numerical example is presented to show that the present model has high accuracy and computational effectiveness.This project is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the State Education Commission.     

A new beam element for analyzing geometrical and physical nonlinearity

Based on Timoshenko＇s beam theory and Vlasov＇s thin-walled member theory, a new model of spatial thin-walled beam element is developed for analyzing geometrical and physical nonlinearity, which incorporates an interior node and independent interpolations of bending angles and warp and takes diversified factors into consideration, such as traverse shear deformation, torsional shear deformation and their coupling, coupling of flexure and torsion, and the second shear stress. The geometrical nonlinear strain is formulated in updated Lagarange （UL） and the corresponding stiffness matrix is derived. The perfectly plastic model is used to account for physical nonlinearity, and the yield rule of von Mises and incremental relationship of Prandtle-Reuss are adopted. Elastoplastic stiffness matrix is obtained by numerical integration based on the finite segment method, and a finite element program is compiled. Numerical examples manifest that the proposed model is accurate and feasible in the analysis of thin-walled structures.     

Incremental analysis for nonlinear rubber-like materials by hybrid stress finite element

In this paper, on the basis of the incremental Reissner variational principle, a nonlinear finite element analysis has been accomplished and a formulation of hybrid stress element has been presented for incompressible Mooney rubber-like materials. The corrected terms of the non-equilibrium force and the incompressibility deviation are considered in the formulation. The computed values of numerical example agree very closely with the exact solution.     

尖锐夹杂角端部局部应力场杂交有限元分析

本文首先利用作者曾提出的一维有限元特征分析方法计算所得到的尖锐夹杂角端部应力奇异指数和奇异应力场、位移场角分布函数,并依据Hellinger-Reissner原理,开发出了一个特殊的、能够反映夹杂角端部局部弹性现象的n结点多边形超级角端部单元,然后将该超级单元与标准的4结点杂交应力单元耦合在一起构建了一种分析异形夹杂角端部奇异弹性场的新型特殊杂交应力有限元方法.文中给出了两个应用算例,算例结果表明:本文方法不仅使用单元少、计算结果精度高,而且适用范围广,可拓展应用于分析复合材料微结构组织与力学行为关系.     

A novel hybrid finite element analysis of inplane singular elastic field around inclusion corners in elastic media

This paper deals with the inplane singular elastic field problems of inclusion corners in elastic media by an ad hoc hybrid-stress finite element method. A one-dimensional finite element method-based eigenanalysis is first applied to determine the order of singularity and the angular dependence of the stress and displacement field, which reflects elastic behavior around an inclusion corner. These numerical eigensolutions are subsequently used to develop a super element that simulates the elastic behavior around the inclusion corner. The super element is finally incorporated with standard four-node hybrid-stress elements to constitute an ad hoc hybrid-stress finite element method for the analysis of local singular stress fields arising from inclusion corners. The singular stress field is expressed by generalized stress intensity factors defined at the inclusion corner. The ad hoc finite element method is used to investigate the problem of a single rectangular or diamond inclusion in isotropic materials under longitudinal tension. Comparison with available numerical results shows the present method is an efficient mesh reducer and yields accurate stress distribution in the near-field region. As applications, the present ad hoc finite element method is extended to discuss the inplane singular elastic field problems of a single rectangular or diamond inclusion in anisotropic materials and of two interacting rectangular inclusions in isotropic materials. In the numerical analysis, the generalized stress intensity factors at the inclusion corner are systematically calculated for various material type, stiffness ratio, shape and spacing position of one or two inclusions in a plate subjected to tension and shear loadings.     

基于高阶位移模式的压电层合板动力有限元模型

建立了含压电片层合板的有限元动力学模型。以位于压电层上下表面处的电场强度和层间电压为未知量,给出了三次函数的电势分布模式,采用Reddy的高阶剪切理论描述板的位移场,假设板厚度方向的正应力为零给出了减缩的本构方程,采用有限元方法,基于Hamilton原理导出结构的动力学方程,然后用静态缩聚的方法压缩掉电场自由度和次要的位移自由度。最后用四边形矩形单元求解了一对称铺层和非对称铺层悬臂板的固有频率,并与ANSYS结果对比验证了本文模型的精确性。     

椭圆类夹杂分析的杂交应力有限元方法

论文给出了一种分析椭圆类夹杂周边应力场的新型杂交应力有限元方法.基于弹性力学中平面问题的Muskhelishvili复势方法,应用保角变换映射技术,以Laurent级数和Faber级数为工具,借助Hellinger-Reissner原理构建一个能够反映椭圆类夹杂周边弹性现象同时包含椭圆夹杂的多边形超级单元.将该超级单元与标准的4结点杂交应力单元耦合在一起即可建立一种分析椭圆类夹杂周边弹性场的新型特殊杂交应力有限元方法.文中考核算例表明:该文方法不但使用简单、有效,而且精度高、单元少.作为论文方法的一个拓展应用,文章最后给出了一个分析含二个椭圆夹杂无限大各向同性板在远场均布载荷作用下椭圆夹杂周边弹性场的算例,并讨论了椭圆夹杂间距和弹性刚度比对应力集中系数的影响.     

悬索的变原长计算模式

本文从非线性弹性理论出发,采用泛函内积形式,建立了悬索非线性计算模式。提出了变原长迭代计算的基本思想,就一端固定、另一端张力已知的悬索模型,从Reissner变分理论出发,导出了该模式的非线性有限元的基本方程,使计算量大大减少。     

Bending and vibration of composite laminated plates

Hybrid-stress finite element method is applied for analysis of bending and vibration of composite laminated plates in this paper. Firstly, based on the modified complementary principle, a rectangular hybrid-stress plate bending element is presented which applies to analysis of laminates. Inside the element, different stress parameters are assumed according to different layers. The boundary displacements are determined by means of the assumption of YNS theory on the boundary of elements. The element formed in this way not only can take effects of transverse shear deformation and local warping into account, but also has less degrees of freedom. Then, problems of bending and vibration of laminates are solved by using this element, and the numerical results are compared with the exact solutions. This shows that the results obtained in the paper are very close to the exact results.     

An advanced higher-order theory for laminated composite plates with general lamination angles

This paper proposes a higher-order shear deformation theory to predict the bending response of the laminated composite and sandwich plates with general lamination configurations.The proposed theory a priori satisfies the continuity conditions of transverse shear stresses at interfaces.Moreover,the number of unknown variables is independent of the number of layers.The first derivatives of transverse displacements have been taken out from the inplane displacement fields,so that the C 0 shape functions are only required during its finite element implementation.Due to C 0 continuity requirements,the proposed model can be conveniently extended for implementation in commercial finite element codes.To verify the proposed theory,the fournode C 0 quadrilateral element is employed for the interpolation of all the displacement parameters defined at each nodal point on the composite plate.Numerical results show that following the proposed theory,simple C 0 finite elements could accurately predict the interlaminar stresses of laminated composite and sandwich plates directly from a constitutive equation,which has caused difficulty for the other global higher order theories.     

压电材料平面裂纹尖端场的杂交应力有限元分析

基于复势理论和杂交变分原理建立了一种适用于力电耦合分析的杂交应力有限元模 型. 给出了建立刚度矩阵的主要公式和推导过程，单元内的位移场和应力场采用满足平 衡方程的复变函数级数解，假设的复变函数级数解事先精确满足裂纹的无应力和电位移法向 分量为零的条件，单元外边界的位移场假设按抛物线变化, 单元的刚度矩阵采用Gauss积分的方法得出. 通过对力电耦合裂尖场的数值计算验证了程序 的正确性和单元的有效性，同时也用所得结果校验了理论解.     

矩形空腔内Stokes流的状态空间有限元法

基于Hellinger-Reissner二类变分原理,从平面Stokes流问题的平衡方程、连续性要求和边界条件出发,得到相应的Hamilton函数,建立Hamilton正则方程后,采用分离变量法对场变量进行离散求解:在x方向采用有限元插值,在y方向采用状态空间法给出控制坐标方向的解析解。计算过程中的指数矩阵均采用精细积分法求解,使得本文算法具有高效率、高精度、对步长不敏感的优点。通过对侧边自由液面边界条件的单板驱动矩形空腔Stokes流问题的求解,得到与文献相同的结果,从而验证了本文方法的有效性。本文旨在将弹性力学状态空间有限元法的思想引入到低雷诺数流体力学中,为Hamilton体系下研究复杂边界Stokes流问题提供新的途径。     

基于平面偶应力-Reissner/Mindlin板比拟的偶应力有限元

偶应力理论的有限元列式面临本质性的C1连续性困难. 平面偶应力理论和Reissner/Mindlin板弯曲理论之间的比拟关系表明这两个理论系统的有 限元的同一性，而R/M板有限元并不存在C1连续性困难. 因此，研究将R/M板单元转化为具有一般位移自由度的平面偶应力单元的一般方法. 根据这一方法，将典型的8节点Serendipity型R/M板单元Q8S转化为一个4节点12 自由度的四边形平面偶应力单元，数值结果表明该单元具有良好的精度和收敛性     

A hybrid/mixed model finite element analysis for eigenvalue problem of moderately thick plates

The buckling and free vibration problems of moderately thick plate are considered in this paper by using the hybrid/mixed finite element model. A modified Reissner principle which only requires C⁰ continuity is derived. No lockling phenomenon is observed. Linear interpolation is used for all independent unknown function. Finally a displacement generalized eigenvalue equation is obtained, in which the stiffness matrix is symmetric and positively definite. The calculated results show that the method proposed is simple, reliable and satisfactory.     

一类新型受任意载荷的杂交旋转壳单元

本文从弹性力学Reissner变分原理出发推导旋转壳曲线坐标系下内分，位移的二类变量广义变分原理，依据这个原理推导一类旋转壳坐标系中具有独立横向转角的受谐和外载荷下的杂交旋转壳单元，内力模式的选用使刚度矩阵的剪切部份在薄壳情况下能反映Kirchhoff假设，并使单元刚度矩阵满秩，从而保证单元无剪切自锁和零能模式，数例证明这类单元对中厚和薄旋转壳具有良好的通用性和较高的精度。     

A MODIFIED HELLINGER-REISSNER VARIATIONAL FUNCTIONAL INCLUDING ONLY TWO INDEPENDENT VARIABLES FOR LARGE DISPLACEMENT OF THIN SHALLOW SHELL

I.IntroductionThemathematicalbasisofthefiniteelementmethodisthevariationalprinciple,andthedevelopmentofthefiniteelementmethodimpelsthevariationalprincipleitselftogetanewdevelopment.ThevariationalprincipIepresentedbyT.H.H.PianandP.Tongistheonethatthecontin…