钢筋混凝土柱二阶配筋的不同计算方法对比

计算钢筋混凝土柱的配筋,需要迭代求解材料非线性和几何非线性问题,不便实际应用。基于混凝土和钢筋的本构关系,根据截面应变求解精确的截面内力-曲率关系,简化杆件变形曲线为二次抛物线来计算外部作用。根据精确的截面内力-曲率曲线和外部作用曲线的特点,分别按照我国《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB 50010-2010)和欧洲规范(Eurocode 2),对截面的极限曲率进行了简化,最后绘制了计算杆件二阶总弯矩和配筋的总诺模图。通过具体算例对比分析,结果显示欧洲规范的简化与精确值更相符,且更经济。     

几种典型钢框架节点连接性能的有限元仿真分析

采用有限元程序ABAQUS进行仿真分析,探讨了钢框架节点的非线性连接性能。针对几种典型节点,包括焊接连接、外伸式端板螺栓连接、平齐式端板螺栓连接、双腹板顶底角钢连接等,分别建立了相应的精化有限元分析模型,实现了结构非线性行为的真实再现和连接性能的准确评估。数值结果还给出了钢框架节点的弯矩-相对转角、弯矩-剪切转角及弯矩-节点转角三种关系曲线,并针对弯矩-节点转角曲线进行了回归分析,从而得到了四种钢框架节点的弯矩-节点转角关系式。建立的有限元分析模型可真实地模拟钢框架节点的非线性行为,分析得到了半刚性节点弯矩-转角关系的一般规律,可为钢框架梁柱连接节点的计算理论和设计方法提供重要参考和依据。     

超静定梁变形计算的积分法

从线性化弯矩和曲率关系出发,将超静定梁多余反力的弯矩叠加到梁截面弯 矩中去,经两次积分得到了包括积分常数和多余反力的分段转角方程和挠曲线方程,利用边界 条件和连续条件确定积分常数和多余反力,进而确定了转角方程和挠曲线方程.文中工作扩大 了积分法的应用范围. 教学实践表明,用积分法解超静定梁的变形能够起到帮助学生学习和 掌握固体力学的边值问题解题思想的作用.     

钢板-混凝土组合加固钢筋混凝土梁的非线性有限元分析

以10根采用钢板-混凝土组合加固技术加固的钢筋混凝土梁的试验为基础,建立了钢板-混凝土组合加固钢筋混凝土梁的非线性有限元模型.沿用了钢板-混凝土组合梁有限元分析中栓钉的荷载-滑移曲线及断裂模型,提出了新老混凝土界面的剪切-滑移模型,可以较好地模拟界面受力性能.采用有限元软件ABAQUS,模拟了一次加固、不同损伤加固及持载加固等加载情况下加固构件受力全过程和受弯破坏以及新老混凝土剥离破坏等破坏形态下加固试件的受力性能.在验证了有限元模型的准确性后,分析了钢板厚度、加固部分高度及长度等参数对加固构件承载能力及刚度的影响.最后提出了几点对钢板-混凝土组合加固RC梁的设计建议.     

形状记忆合金梁纯弯曲的理论分析

基于已有实验得到的形状记忆合金非线性的应力-应变关系,引入拉压不对称系数研究了形状记忆合金纯弯曲梁的力学性能。在平截面假定下,建立了梁在不同弯矩作用下截面应力、相变百分含量、相边界的解析表达式。对两端受弯的简支梁进行数值分析,结果表明:纯弯曲的过程中,平截面假定仍然成立,中性层的移动和表层材料相变状况有关;表层材料发生相变后,中性层偏离截面中心向受压侧移动,直至受压侧表层材料相变完成,完全转变为马氏体相;之后随弯矩的增大,中性层开始反向移动。材料本身的拉压不对称性使得形状记忆合金纯弯曲梁截面应力的分布以及相边界的移动呈现出明显的不对称性。     

变截面梁动力响应的频域传递矩阵计算方法

为提高变截面梁振动分析的计算效率,提出了基于频域传递矩阵法的动力计算算法．首先,选择线速度、角速度、弯矩和剪力作为求解变量,通过Laplace变换将变截面梁的动力响应时域偏微分方程转换为频域常微分方程;然后,通过求解频域方程并结合协调和边界条件建立变截面梁的频域传递矩阵;通过构造傅里叶级数展开形式的时域响应函数,对变截面梁传递矩阵方法求解的频响函数进行Laplace逆变换,建立了变截面梁的固有特性计算和时域瞬态响应计算方法,最后,借助数值仿真软件,开发了变截面梁动力响应分析的计算程序．完成对算例的仿真计算和分析,并与有限元计算结果进行对比,数值结果验证了该方法的正确性和有效性．     

钢管高强混凝土叠合柱弯矩—曲率关系的合成模型

本文采用现有高强混凝土及钢管混凝土本构关系,运用合成法编制了计算程序,对钢管高强混凝土叠合柱的截面弯矩－曲率关系进行了全过程分析,并讨论了主要参数对上述关系的影响;经大量回归分析,建立了钢管高强混凝土叠合柱截机弯矩－曲率关系的三折线模型,从而为叠合柱结构的抗震分析奠定了基础。     

辐射换热下瞬态热-结构分析的一种空间薄壁杆单元

发展了一种用于辐射换热条件下瞬态热-结构分析的空间薄壁杆单元,其截面形式可以是任意形状的闭口截面和单支开口截面。该单元温度场分解为平均温度和多谐摄动温度,沿杆轴方向采用两结点线性插值,沿杆截面周向用三角函数展开,每结点含多个解耦的自由度,其中结点平均温度方程同传统一维温度有限元方程为非线性,各谐摄动温度方程为线性,然后利用Wilson-θ法求解结构的瞬态温度场。本文选择了两节点Ber-noulli直梁单元得到准静态热弹性有限元方程并求解,针对非对称开口截面考虑了翘曲变形及弯扭耦合的影响。温度场引起的等效热载荷不仅包括常规的热轴力,还包括热弯矩以及热双力矩。本文针对不同截面形式的梁单元给出了瞬态温度场以及热变形的验证算例,并通过与商业程序中二维壳元计算结果的比较说明了本文所提出方法的正确性和高效性。     

预应力混凝土平面杆系结构的有限元方法

建立了基于有限元方法的考虑材料和几何非线性的任意截面预应力混凝土平面杆系结构的数值分析模型,可用于模拟预应力混凝土大跨度梁、单向偏压细长柱等的非线性全过程结构响应。引入修正的Rodriguez截面模型确定截面切线刚度,其中混凝土的贡献通过截面边界顶点定义的梯形单元来实现;在此基础上利用传统的平面非线性杆单元导出了标准有限元公式。通过两个算例验证了该模型的可靠性和适用性。     

钢筋混凝土剪力墙受火性能非线性分析

为了研究钢筋混凝土剪力墙的抗火性能,本文基于纤维元模型,提出了一种非线性分析方法。该方法无需计算截面的弯矩-曲率曲线族,计算过程中采用了高温下耦合的混凝土本构关系,其中考虑了混凝土高温热膨胀应变、瞬态热应变和徐变。编制了相应的非线性计算分析程序,程序考虑了轴力二阶效应的影响,计算得到了剪力墙跨中平面外挠度以及火灾下其跨...     

Engineering Models for Numerical Analysis of Composite Bending Members∗

Abstract

ABSTRACT The two-step numerical analysis of a composite beam structure is presented in this paper. The first step, based on the idea of dividing the cross section into laminas, leads to the estimation of the moment-curvature relation for different types of cross sections used in composite beams. The second step adopts this constitutive relation, which is expressed in the space of generalized stresses and strains, into finite element nonlinear code. Some numerical examples are given, to show the agreement of numerical calculations with results of the authors' experiments, when the shrinkage of a concrete encasement and stresses due to welding processes in steel beams are considered. In addition, the numerical concept presented here seems to reduce the sensitivity of the final results obtained to finite element discretization error.     

基于微分求积法的钢筋混凝土梁静力分析

采用广义微分求积法(GDQM)对钢筋混凝土(RC)梁进行了准静力分析,得到了其抗静载的强度特性．首先,基于虚功原理导出了考虑钢筋和混凝土材料的非线性的RC梁准静力分析控制微分方程,并根据广义微分求积法对其离散,从而得到有限自由度的非线性代数方程组,进而采用Newton-Raphson迭代求解格式,建立了荷载增量法数值分析模型．其次,通过本文GDQM与有限元法分析结果比较,表明了新建算法的正确性;与有限元法的收敛性对比表明本文算法较有限元法有优越性．     

钢筋混凝土开孔深梁有限元分析与设计研究Finite element analysis of RC deep beams with openings and researching of the design method

钢筋混凝土深梁受力不同于浅梁,梁腹开孔后受力更趋复杂。现有的设计方法对深梁行为的解释不够完备,设计结果的适用性难以判断,设计规范也没有给出开孔深梁的设计条文。为研究深梁设计方法的有效性,本文采用了非线性有限元分析方法,引入适合混凝土结构非线性分析的断裂塑性模型,并考虑钢筋粘结滑移效应,对一系列开双孔或偏孔钢筋混凝土深梁试验进行仿真分析,所得结果与试验结果吻合良好,能够准确预测深梁在裂缝、破坏形态及承载力等方面的受力特征。研究表明现有的深梁设计方法中,压拉杆模型方法相较内力法和应力图形法更加经济有效。在仿真分析的基础上,提出了一种对开孔深梁具有普遍适用性的非线性设计方法,其设计结果具有高承载力、较好延性、经济的配筋量和充分的材料利用率的优点。     

Elastodynamic Green’s function for reinforced concrete beams

A semi-analytical solution procedure for three dimensional wave propagation in reinforced concrete (RC) beams has been presented in this paper. Elastodynamic Green’s function has been derived by employing the compatibility conditions and utilizing the symmetry conditions at the loaded cross section. Numerical procedure developed for the Green’s function has been validated using results available in the literature for an infinite laminated composite plate. Three-dimensional wave propagation analysis has been performed for reinforced concrete beam sections of T and L shapes which are common forms of structural elements. Steel reinforcement has been modeled in the finite element mesh. Effect of corrosion has also been included in the finite element model. Green’s function for reinforced concrete sections affected by corrosion of steel unit normalized frequency has been evaluated for illustration. Accuracy of the solution technique has been evaluated in terms of the percentage error in energy balance between the input energy of the applied unit load and the output energy carried by the propagating wave modes. The percentage error has been found to be negligible in all the cases considered here. A simple and accurate numerical method has been presented here as a tool to evaluate Green’s function for RC beams and can be used to detect corrosion.     

Nonlinear finite element analysis of inflatable beams made from orthotropic woven fabric

This paper was devoted to the three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis of inflatable beams. The beams under consideration are made of modern textile materials and can be used as a load-bearing beams or arches when inflated. A 3D Timoshenko beam with a homogeneous orthotropic woven fabric (OWF) was proposed. The model took into account the geometric nonlinearities and the follower force resulting from the inflation pressure. The use was made of the usual total Lagrangian form of the virtual work principle to perform the nonlinear equilibrium equations which were discretized by the finite element method. Two kinds of solutions were then investigated: finite elements solutions for linearized problems which were obtained by the means of the linearization around the prestressed reference configuration of the nonlinear equations and nonlinear finite element solutions which were performed by the use of an optimization algorithm based on the Quasi-Newton method. As an example, the bending problem of a cantilever inflated beam under concentrated load was considered and the deflection results improve the existing theoretical models. As these beams are made from fabric, the beam models were validated through their comparison with a 3D thin-shell finite element model. The influence of the material effective properties and the inflation pressure on the beam response was also investigated through a parametric study. The finite elements solutions for linearized problems were found to be close to the theoretical results existing in the literature. On the other hand, the results for the nonlinear finite element model were shown to be close to the results for the linearized finite elements model in the case of high mechanical properties and the nonlinear finite element model was used to improve the linearized model when the mechanical properties of the fabric are low.     

Finite element analysis of interfacial stresses in FRP–RC hybrid beams

The interfacial stresses in fiber reinforced plastic (FRP)–reinforced concrete (RC) hybrid beams were studied by the finite element method. The mesh sensitivity test shows that the finite element results for interfacial stresses are not sensitive to the finite element mesh. The finite element analysis then is used to calculate the interfacial stress distribution and evaluate the effect of the structural parameters on the interfacial behavior. It is shown that both the normal and shear stresses at the interface are influenced by the material and geometry parameters of the composite beam. This research is helpful for the understanding on mechanical behavior of the interface and design of the FRP–RC hybrid structures.     

考虑收缩徐变影响的新旧混凝土叠合梁非线性分析实用方法

界面存在粘结滑移的新旧混凝土叠合梁是一种重要的工程梁.以叠合面上的变形协调条件为计算条件,推导出叠合梁以轴力表达的非线性微分方程.求解该微分方程,得到截面协同工作系数理论表达式.通过该截面协同工作系数,建立了能够准确反映新旧混凝土叠合梁承载力与变形的非线性实用分析方法,使得Bernoulli假定与截面协同工作系数达到了统一,并与已有解析解进行了对比分析,发现计算精度满足工程需求,说明了该分析方法的实用性.     

部分共同作用框架组合梁有限元分析模型

本文提出了一种新的适用框架整体分析的组合梁有限元模型。在分析了相互作用程度对组合梁刚度影响的基础上,根据Newmark等人的一维部分相互作用理论,建立起部分共同作用组合梁平衡微分方程;结合框架组合梁受力特点引入合理的边界条件,推导出了能够考虑滑移的组合梁单元弹性刚度方程;还给出了常见非节点荷载的等效荷载公式。该组合梁单元节点自由度少,每个构件只需一个单元来模拟,方便了带组合梁钢框架的结构分析。本文的研究还为进一步地考虑混凝土开裂、压碎,钢材屈服等非线性因素,建立组合梁单元弹塑性刚度矩阵提供了理论基础。