斜拉索振动控制中MR阻尼器选型的研究

以全索全时段振动响应的均方根(RMS)评价MR阻尼器对斜拉索的减振效果。计算结果表明MR阻尼器型号是影响斜拉索减振效果的最主要因素。斜拉索的减振效果在选用合适的MR阻尼器时达到最佳。进而研究了MR阻尼器型号与阻尼器安装位置、施加的电压、斜拉索基频(张力、索长、质量)、激励荷载(类型、频率、幅值)等各种因素的关系,为MR阻尼器合理选型提供了优化设计的方法。型号选用主要是与斜拉索基频和MR阻尼器安装位置有关。在引起索基频变化的因素中,索质量对型号的选取影响最大;而索长对型号影响不大。对于索质量较大、张力较大、MR阻尼器安装位置较低、外界激励较大、频谱特征多变、低频为主时需要较强的MR阻尼器。进一步研究表明,半主动控制与开环控制的最优MR阻尼器型号有较好的一致性,因此半主动控制所选用的MR阻尼器型号可参照被动控制时最优MR阻尼器型号。     

MR阻尼器的半主动控制研究

MR阻尼器能提供可以调节的阻尼力,适合用作减少结构地震响应的半主动控制器。本文对MR阻尼器的半主动控制进行研究,提出了状态跳跃算法,根据结构响应的大小实现MR阻尼器的状态切换,使结构响应得到有效的控制。这种控制策略简便,不需要在线计算,便于实施。由于速度响应直接影响MR阻尼器的阻尼力,建议用速度响应作为MR阻尼器进行状态切换的变量。文中给出了两个算例,进行了计算分析和比较,说明了状态跳跃控制算法的特点。     

斜拉桥拉索-阻尼器系统非线性响应分析

考虑索的抗弯刚度、垂度及几何非线性的影响，得出了索一阻尼器系统的空间非线性振动偏微分方程，用中心差分法将微分方程在空间内离散，导出了系统的非线性振动常微分方程组。结合Newmark法及虚拟力法提出了一种用于求解非线性振动瞬态响应的杂交分析算法。并以典型的斜拉桥拉索为研究对象，给出了数值算例，并与Runge—Kutta直接积分法进行了比较，说明了杂交算法的准确性及有效性。     

采用半主动斜拉索控制柔性梁的横向振动

提出采用磁流变阻尼器构成的半主动斜拉索实现柔性梁横向振动的半主动控制,讨论了其可行性、具体控制方案和控制算法。同时给出了在五种不同情况下的控制仿真结果,表明采用磁流变阻尼器实现结构半主动控制能避免“模态截断”而引起的“溢出”问题,具有能耗小、鲁棒性强的特点。     

结构振动的滑模变结构半主动控制

研究应用磁流变阻尼器(MRD)对结构振动半主动控制的算法和原理。研制并对磁流变阻尼器进行了阻尼特性实验，采用非线性滞回双粘性模型描述磁流变阻尼器的阻尼特性，模型结果与实验结果非常一致。采用滑模控制算法和趋近律方法设计了半主动控制器。利用滑模控制方法所建立的控制器，本文给出了地震激励下结构振动半主动控制算例。计算分析表明，半主动滑模控制具有控制效果明显、鲁棒性好等优点，是一种非常有发展前途的控制方法。     

斜拉桥主梁振动对拉索阻尼器减振效果的影响

应用拉索索端阻尼器是大跨度斜拉桥拉索减振的主要措施之一. 将主梁、索与阻尼器组合起来作为一个振动体系,通过理论分析与试验研究相结合的方法初步研究了主梁振动对拉索附加阻尼器减振效果的影响. 建立了由索、梁和Kelvin阻尼器组成的简化理论模型; 设计了索、梁和阻尼器组合系统的简化力学试验模型; 详细研究了主梁振动对拉索附加阻尼器减振效果的影响. 理论与试验分析结果表明: 对于容易发生索、梁耦合振动的拉索,主梁振动明显降低拉索附加阻尼器的减振效果;在大跨度斜拉桥拉索的减振设计中,需考虑主梁参与振动的影响.      

百色水利枢纽主要工程地质问题及施工处理

应用拉索索端阻尼器是大跨度斜拉桥拉索减振的主要措施之一. 将主梁、 索与阻尼器组合起来作为一个振动体系,通过理论分析与试验研究相结合的方法初步研究了 主梁振动对拉索附加阻尼器减振效果的影响. 建立了由索、梁和Kelvin阻尼器组成的简化理 论模型; 设计了索、梁和阻尼器组合系统的简化力学试验模型; 详细研究了主梁振动对拉 索附加阻尼器减振效果的影响. 理论与试验分析结果表明: 对于容易发生索、梁耦合振动的 拉索,主梁振动明显降低拉索附加阻尼器的减振效果;在大跨度斜拉桥拉索的减振设计中, 需考虑主梁参与振动的影响.     

MR减振驱动器用于结构振动控制的算法研究

提出了四种半主动控制算法 ;针对安装有MR减振驱动器的三层剪切型结构仿真分析了各种半主动控制算法和被动控制策略的控制效果。仿真分析结果表明 ,MR减振驱动器作为一种半主动控制装置可以有效地控制结构的反应 ;施加最大磁场作为被动控制装置时 ,也对结构反应有很好的控制效果     

斜拉桥横向振动的半主动筋腱控制

对桥梁等大型土建结构在外扰作用下的振动实施控制是目前的一个研究热点,也是提高结构安全性与耐久性的一条重要途径。本文提出采用磁流变阻尼器（Ｍａｇｎｅｔｏ－Ｒｈｅｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ Ｄａｍｐｅｒ,ＭＲＤ）与斜拉索构成的半主动筋腱（Ｓｅｍｉ－Ａｃｔｉｖｅ Ｔｅｎｄｏｎ）实现斜拉桥横向振动的半主动控制的原理,讨论了其可行性、具体控制方案和控制算法,给出了一对一双索斜拉桥模型在随机扰动作用下的振动控制仿真结果     

半主动摩擦阻尼器的模糊次优Bang-Bang控制

结合Takagi-Sugeno型模糊逻辑和次优Bang-Bang控制,提出了一种新的控制算法一模糊次优Bang-Bang方法.将该方法应用于半主动摩擦阻尼器的结构控制,对其减震效果和适应性进行了研究.数值结果表明,本文提出的方法不仅能有效地减小结构的地震响应,而且对不同强度的地震动有较强的适应能力.     

Stochastic minimax semi-active control for MDOF nonlinear uncertain systems under combined harmonic and wide-band noise excitations using MR dampers

A stochastic minimax semi-active control strategy for multi-degrees-of-freedom (MDOF) strongly nonlinear systems under combined harmonic and wide-band noise excitations is proposed. First, a stochastic averaging procedure is introduced for controlled uncertain strongly nonlinear systems using generalized harmonic functions and the control forces produced by Magneto-rheological (MR) dampers are split into the passive part and the active part. Then, a worst-case optimal control strategy is derived by solving a stochastic differential game problem. The worst-case disturbances and the optimal semi-active controls are obtained by solving the Hamilton–Jacobi–Isaacs (HJI) equations with the constraints of disturbance bounds and MR damper dynamics. Finally, the responses of optimally controlled MDOF nonlinear systems are predicted by solving the Fokker–Planck–Kolmogorov (FPK) equation associated with the fully averaged Itô equations. Two examples are worked out in detail to illustrate the proposed control strategy. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified by using the results from Monte Carlo simulation.     

A NEW STOCHASTIC OPTIMAL CONTROL STRATEGY FOR HYSTERETIC MR DAMPERS

I. INTRODUCTION Magneto-rheological (MR) ?uid as a smart material possesses fairly good essential characteristics suchas reversible change between liquid and semi-solid in milliseconds with a controllable yield strengthwhen exposed to a magnetic ?eld. A…     

基于磁流变阻尼器的多单体组合隔震结构模糊控制研究

提出了一种新的组合结构振动控制体系——多单体组合隔震结构,建立了力学模型及运动方程。基于瞬时最优控制算法,将控制力表达成阻尼力的形式,用磁流变阻尼器充当控制器,运用模糊控制方法对其进行控制。通过计算机仿真分析,并运用LQR控制与之进行对比。研究结果表明,这种组合隔震结构体系的控制效果明显,各结构的地震响应都有明显降低。采用模糊控制不需要建立精确的计算模型,并能达到与LQR控制相接近的控制效果。用磁流变阻尼器充当控制器减少了能量输入,在结构2与结构3之间安装弹簧-阻尼器使控制更容易实现。     

Modeling of a magnetorheological damper by recursive lazy learning

Nowadays dampers based on magnetorheological (MR) fluids are receiving significant attention specially for control of structural vibration and automotive suspensions systems. In most cases, it is necessary to develop an appropriate control strategy which is practically implementable when a suitable model for MR dampers is available. It is not a trivial task to model the dynamic of MR dampers because of their inherent non-linear and hysteretic dynamics. In this paper, a recursive lazy learning method based on neural networks is considered to model the MR damper behavior. The proposed method is validated by comparison with experimental obtained responses. Results show the estimated model correlates very well with the data obtained experimentally. The method proposed learns quickly that it is only necessarily a learning cycle, it can learn on-line and it is easy to select the network structure and calculate the model parameters.     

Comparative research on semi-active control strategies for magneto-rheological suspension

This paper presents the comparison results of a study to identify an appropriate semi-active control algorithm for a MR suspension system from a variety of semi-active control algorithms for use with MR dampers. Five representative control algorithms are considered including the skyhook controller, the hybrid controller, the LQG controller, the sliding mode controller and the fuzzy logic controller. To compare the control performances of the five control algorithms, a quarter car model with a MR damper is adopted as the baseline model for our analysis. After deriving the governing motion equations of the proposed dynamic model, five controllers are developed. Then each control policy is applied to the baseline model equipped with a MR damper. The performances of each control algorithm under various road conditions are compared along with the equivalent passive model in both time and frequency domains through the numerical simulation. Subsequently, a road test is performed to validate the actual control performance. The results show that the performance of a MR suspension system is highly dependent on the choice of algorithm employed, and the sliding mode control strategy exhibits an excellent integrated performance.     

粘滞阻尼器减震结构非线性随机振动的时域显式降维迭代随机模拟法

粘滞阻尼器在大型复杂结构减震设计中应用广泛。由于粘滞阻尼器的非线性阻尼力特性,粘滞阻尼器减震结构非平稳随机地震反应分析是一个典型的局部非线性随机振动问题。利用减震结构动力响应时域显式表达式的降维列式优势,仅针对与粘滞阻尼器相关的局部自由度进行非线性迭代计算,提出了局部非线性随机振动问题的时域显式降维迭代随机模拟法,为设置粘滞阻尼器的大型复杂减震结构非线性地震反应分析提供一种高效的随机振动方法。以安装了四个纵桥向粘滞阻尼器的某主跨1200m悬索桥为工程实例,开展E2水准地震激励下的非线性随机振动分析。计算结果显示,设置阻尼器后,主梁的纵桥向位移得到明显控制,降幅达到80%,大桥的关键截面内力也有5%左右的降幅。     

Active vibration control of nonlinear benchmark buildings

The present nonlinear model reduction methods unfit the nonlinear benchmark buildings as their vibration equations belong to a non-affine system. Meanwhile, the controllers designed directly by the nonlinear control strategy have a high order, and they are difficult to be applied actually. Therefore, a new active vibration control way which fits the nonlinear buildings is proposed. The idea of the proposed way is based on the model identification and structural model linearization, and exerting the control force to the built model according to the force action principle. This proposed way has a better practicability as the built model can be reduced by the balance reduction method based on the empirical Grammian matrix. A three-story benchmark structure is presented and the simulation results illustrate that the proposed method is viable for the civil engineering structures.     

调液阻尼器对结构扭转耦联振动控制的优化设计

提出了利用调液柱型阻尼器(Tuned Liquid Column Dampers，简称TLCD)和环形调液阻尼器(Circular Tuned Liquid Column Dampers，简称CTLCD)来控制偏心结构在多维地震作用下扭转耦联振动的方法。采用遗传算法，在双向地震作用下，对调液阻尼器的相关参数进行优化。选取了两种目标函数，一种只考虑最大的楼层反应，另一种考虑结构所有自由度的反应。用一个12层的偏心结构作为算例，进行优化计算，结果表明，采用第二种目标函数得到的阻尼器的参数，能有效降低结构的平动反应和扭转反应。     

介电弹性作动器主动隔振模糊控制试验研究

采用模糊控制策略,开展介电弹性作动器的主动隔振性能试验研究。基于介电弹性材料的Maxwell应力模型建立了作动器的力电耦合模型,分析了作动器的非线性特性;针对隔振系统设计了Mamdani型模糊控制器,建立了控制电压信号与振动响应之间的关系;在此基础上,开展了介电弹性作动器主动隔振试验研究,并与加速度反馈控制进行了对比。试验结果表明,在相同驱动电压的情况下,基于模糊控制策略的主动隔振性能要优于加速度反馈控制,且能够显著降低由于非线性驱动力导致的倍频响应幅值,有助于提高隔振系统的稳定性。