理性有限元

提出了与常规有限元迥然不同的理性有限元列式，其方法论的差别在于理性有限元充分考虑了力学的微分方程，用方程的解来逼近单元内部场，即以力学的需求为主导，再用相应的数学方法推导，并用理性平面四边形元ＲＱ４为典型予以表述，数值结果表明理性有限元的优越性质。     

平面理性元的收敛性证明

理性元直接在物理面内列式，并用微分方程的解插值，不用等参技术而在计算面内用多项式插值．由于其解析的特性，即使是不协调元也可证明其收敛性．本文的证明采用力学方法，故易于为力学工作者所接受，且可用于多种单元的结构．收敛性证明可给理性有限元以坚实的理论基础．     

国际非均匀材料力学会议（ICHMM）简介

为了提高非线性有限元的教学和科研水平，经中国力学学会和北京市力学学会批准，清华大学工程力学系于2004年6月17日～19日在北京举办了全国非线性有限元讲习班，聘请了美国西北大学Ted Belytschko教授讲学3天，题目为非线性有限元与计算力学。     

电磁对偶有限元及在波导计算中的应用

力学中的Hamilton体系采用对偶变量描述问题。电磁场采用电场和磁场两类变量描述问题。将力学中的Hamilton体系引入到电磁场问题中，电场变量和磁场变量构成对偶变量，把频域电磁场的基本方程导向对偶方程形式，建立电磁场有限元所需的对偶变量变分原理，由此推导出电磁对偶有限元。将电磁对偶有限元应用于电磁波导计算中，可确定电磁波导的传播常数。文中给出了用电磁对偶有限元方法，计算矩形波导不同模式对应的传播常数的数值计算结果。     

钱伟长先生对力学和应用数学的贡献

为了缅怀我国近代力学的奠基人之一、著名的力学家和应用数学家钱伟长先生,该文较为详细地回顾了他在力学和应用数学的若干重要方面的开创性和奠基性的工作,主要包括在弹性板壳的内禀理论、弹性圆薄板大挠度理论、环壳理论及其应用、广义变分原理及在有限元计算中的应用、奇异摄动理论、理性力学等方面的学术成就,还回顾了他在发展我国力学事业和培养我国力学人才等方面的巨大贡献.     

非线性计算力学的某些新发展——参加第二次国际非线性力学计算方法会议后的述评

七十年代以来,由于计算技术的发展,在理性连续介质力学研究获得进展之外,形成了非线性连续介质的数值分析,或非线性计算力学的重要领域,这是现代连续介质理论和现代数值分析方法相互作用的产物。J.T.Oden教授的著作“非线性连续介质的有限元”在一定程度上给出了这一研究的理论基础,也反映了这一研究的发展趋向。     

有限元计算细观力学对复合材料力学行为的数值分析

有限元计算细观力学的发展是近十年来细观计算力学发展的主要特征和推动力．本文综述了有限元计算细观力学近十年来应用于复合材料力学行为分析研究方面的进展．介绍了基本的数值模型和计算方法，重点评述了强度和损伤等协同效应问题上的最新研究成果．最后对有限元计算细观力学应用于材料设计的前景做了展望     

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简单介绍了理性力学的目的、特点、学科内容、同其他学科的关系及发 展过程等;介绍了理性力学与力学中的方法专业(组)委员会的发展沿革;并围绕专业(组)委 员会的活动情况详细叙述了理性力学在中国的传播与发展,以此来说明钱伟长先生在推动理 性力学在中国的传播过程中所做出的重大贡献与理性力学在中国取得的成就.     

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 阐述两种典型的计算机代数系统(CASes)------Matlab和Maple在基础 力学课程与有限元课程教学中的一些应用. CASes可以方便地将力学教学和有限元计算过程 中的模型建立、推理及其数值计算等进行演示和计算，为基础力学和有限元课程教学提供 了新的手段和途径.     

平面八节点四边形理性元

推导平面八节点四边形理性有限元列式，采用具有直到四次多项式的平面问题的微分方程的解作为插值函数，算例结果表明平面八节点四边形理性有限元的有效性。     

平面广义四节点等参元GQ4及其性能探讨

广义节点有限元是将传统有限元方法中的节点广义化,在不增加节点个数的前提下,仅通过提高广义节点的插值函数的阶次,从而达到提高有限元解精度的目的.与现有的p型和hp型有限元不同,在这种新的有限元中,节点自由度全部定义在节点处,在理论与程序实现上与传统有限元方法具有很好的相容性,传统有限元方法是这种新方法的广义节点退化为0阶时的特殊情形.文中主要讨论了这一新方法的四节点等参元（记为GQ4）的形式.对GQ4进行的各种数值试验表明,所发展的广义四节点等参单元具有精度高且无剪切自锁与体积自锁等的特点.     

层合板问题几种求解方法的比较

为比较Lagrange 体系和Hamilton 体系的有限元法在求解层合板问题时的优劣,以寻求此类问题较合适的数值方法,本文在已有研究的基础上,将几种有限元法应用到层合板问题的计算中,编程并对相关算例进行计算和分析. 数值结果表明：Hamilton 体系常规有限元和改进有限元,Lagrange 体系理性有限元在计算此类问题时各有其优势,而Lagrange 体系常规有限元在求解此类问题时的精度较差.     

Self-adaptive one-dimensional nonlinear finite element method based on element energy projection method

The element energy projection （EEP） method for computation of super- convergent resulting in a one-dimensional finite element method （FEM） is successfully used to self-adaptive FEM analysis of various linear problems, based on which this paper presents a substantial extension of the whole set of technology to nonlinear problems. The main idea behind the technology transfer from linear analysis to nonlinear analysis is to use Newton＇s method to linearize nonlinear problems into a series of linear problems so that the EEP formulation and the corresponding adaptive strategy can be directly used without the need for specific super-convergence formulation for nonlinear FEM. As a re- sult, a unified and general self-adaptive algorithm for nonlinear FEM analysis is formed. The proposed algorithm is found to be able to produce satisfactory finite element results with accuracy satisfying the user-preset error tolerances by maximum norm anywhere on the mesh. Taking the nonlinear ordinary differential equation （ODE） of second-order as the model problem, this paper describes the related fundamental idea, the imple- mentation strategy, and the computational algorithm. Representative numerical exam- ples are given to show the efficiency, stability, versatility, and reliability of the proposed approach.     

电磁共振腔辛有限元法

将电磁场的基本方程导向了对偶方程形式。给出了推导电磁场有限元所需相应的对偶变量变分原理。为了有限元列式的保辛，交分原理被积函数可导向对于对偶变量为对称的形式。交分原理的边界积分项对于相邻单元互相抵消。对偶变量有限元推导可避免所谓的C1连续性问题。采用对偶变量离散分析了共振腔本征值问题，离散后再消去一类变量可导出普通的广义本征值问题而求解。算例表明了对偶变量有限元分析的有效性。     

Nonlinear quasi-conforming finite element method

The nonlinear quasi-conforming FEM is presented based on the basic concept of the quasiconforming finite element. First, the incremental principle of stationary potential energy is discussed. Then, the formulation process of the nonlinear quasi-conforming FEM is given. Lastly, two computational examples of shells are given.     

A comparison of boundary element and finite element methods for modeling axisymmetric polymeric drop deformation

A modified boundary element method (BEM) and the DEVSS‐G finite element method (FEM) are applied to model the deformation of a polymeric drop suspended in another fluid subjected to start‐up uniaxial extensional flow. The effects of viscoelasticity, via the Oldroyd‐B differential model, are considered for the drop phase using both FEM and BEM and for both the drop and matrix phases using FEM. Where possible, results are compared with the linear deformation theory. Consistent predictions are obtained among the BEM, FEM, and linear theory for purely Newtonian systems and between FEM and linear theory for fully viscoelastic systems. FEM and BEM predictions for viscoelastic drops in a Newtonian matrix agree very well at short times but differ at longer times, with worst agreement occurring as critical flow strength is approached. This suggests that the dominant computational advantages held by the BEM over the FEM for this and similar problems may diminish or even disappear when the issue of accuracy is appropriately considered. Fully viscoelastic problems, which are only feasible using the FEM formulation, shed new insight on the role of viscoelasticity of the matrix fluid in drop deformation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A DOMAIN DECOMPOSITION ALGORITHM WITH FINITE ELEMENT-BOUNDARY ELEMENT COUPLING

A domain decomposition algorithm coupling the finite element and the boundary element was presented. It essentially involves subdivision of the analyzed domain into sub-regions being independently modeled by two methods, i.e., the finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM). The original problem was restored with continuity and equilibrium conditions being satisfied on the interface of the two sub-regions using an iterative algorithm. To speed up the convergence rate of the iterative algorithm, a dynamically changing relaxation parameter during iteration was introduced. An advantage of the proposed algorithm is that the locations of the nodes on the interface of the two sub-domains can be inconsistent. The validity of the algorithm is demonstrated by the consistence of the results of a numerical example obtained by the proposed method and those by the FEM, the BEM and a present finite element-boundary element (FE-BE) coupling method.     

非线性拟协调元与杂交／混合元：Ⅰ．关于Hellinger－Reissner变分原理

给出了非线性拟协调有限元列式方法，将非线性拟协调有限元与基于Ｈｅｌｌｉｎｇｅｒ－Ｒｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ变分原理的杂交／混合有限元进行了比较。     

随机结构有限元分析的递推求解方法

提出了一种新的谱随机有限元分析方法——递推求解方法。该方法将随机结构的随机响应表示成非正交多项式展式,建立了和摄动法类似的一系列确定的递推方程,并通过确定性有限元方法对这些递推方程进行静力问题求解。算例表明,当随机量出现较大涨落时,计算结果相对于传统摄动法有不小的改进。