首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
植物细胞对外加压缩载荷的响应分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
根据植物细胞的结构特点,以二维问题为研究对象,建立了单细胞力学模型。用有限元方法和MATLAB计算软件研究了单细胞压缩时细胞外力与应力、应变及内压间的关系,给出了关系曲线图。数值计算表明在压缩情况下,外力与应力、应变及内压的关系是非线性的。细胞的内压随细胞的应力或应变的增加而增加,在外力施加的开始时刻增加的速度比较慢,但外力增加到一定值以后细胞内压增加的速度急剧增加等 5个结论。  相似文献   

2.
姜煌辉  蒋军 《力学季刊》2019,40(2):335-342
针对嵊州硅藻土的高结构性及地基应力场的复杂多变,应用GDS 动三轴仪进行不同围压和不同循环应力比下的不排水循环加载试验,分析应力-应变滞回曲线演化、应变累积特性、回弹特性及孔压特性.研究表明:循环应力比及围压对原状硅藻土应变和孔压的发展规律影响明显,随着循环应力比的增加,滞回曲线由线性状态转变为非线性状态,且逐渐向x 轴倾斜,累计应变和回弹应变都随着循环应力比的增加而略微增加,但总应变基本小于2 %;残余孔压比随循环应力比增大而增大,范围为0.1~0.5.并且存在一个临界循环应力比,其值随有效围压的增大而减小,范围为0.8~2.2,当循环应力比大于该值时,试样内部产生一个破裂面迅速发生破坏.在相同循环应力比下,试样的应变随着有效围压的增大而增大.  相似文献   

3.
为研究高地应力下再受动力扰动的岩石力学特性,利用改进的岩石动静组合加载SHPB试验装置,对红砂岩进行一维预应力状态下岩石的冲击力学特性试验。选取4个轴压水平,进行不同应变率下的动加载试验。研究结果表明:不同应变率下,岩样在破坏阶段出现"峰后塑性"、"应力跌落"、"应变回弹"三种类型,岩样的割线模量随轴压的增大先增大后减小;相同轴压下,岩样的动态抗压强度和单位体积吸收能随着应变率的增大而增大,分别呈现出指数函数关系和线性关系;相同应变率下,岩样的动态抗压强度和单位体积吸收能随着轴压的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势;无轴压条件下,岩样为拉伸破坏模式,有轴压条件下,岩样为剪切破坏模式。  相似文献   

4.
基于含四氢呋喃水合物黏土样品在不同水合物饱和度、围压及水合物分解前后的高压三轴剪切试验和超声波测量数据,分析了含水合物黏土的应力-应变关系和强度特性。试验结果表明:(1)含水合物黏土的应力-应变曲线展现出弹性、塑性变形以及应变硬化三个阶段(在应变低于1.5%时近似为弹性,在应变2%~6%范围内表现为塑性,在大于6%后呈现明显的应变硬化特性),与不含水合物黏土的应力-应变关系有明显不同;(2)含水合物黏土在水合物分解前后的应力-应变关系存在明显的不同,水合物分解后比水合物分解前的不排水强度值降低程度最大为50%;(3)含水合物黏土的不排水抗剪强度随水合物饱和度和围压的增加而增大,并比不含水合物黏土的强度提高1~6倍。上述结果表明水合物的存在增强了黏土颗粒之间的连结或胶结作用。  相似文献   

5.
采用分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)试验方法对粗骨料取代率为0%、30%、50%和100%的再生混凝土进行冲击试验,研究了应力-应变关系曲线、动态抗压强度、动态弹性模量以及破坏形态受应变率影响的变化规律。试验表明,应力-应变关系曲线开始段呈线性关系,随应变率的增大,线性段斜率增大,持续范围扩大,峰值应力变大;峰值应力具有率敏性,随应变率增大,峰值应力不断增加,取代率对峰值应力的影响差别不明显;动态弹性模量也具有率敏性,呈正相关关系,取代率不同,其率敏性程度有所差异;随着应变率增大,试件破坏程度随之加剧,从完整无裂缝到瞬间崩裂成碎块。  相似文献   

6.
钛合金TB-2在高应变率下的动态应力应变关系   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
用分离式Hopkinson压杆对国产型钛合金TB-2的动态应力应变关系在高达3103S-1的高应变率下作了实验研究。试验结果表明TB2对应变率高度敏感,其本构关系可用Malvern粘塑性方程来表达。从高速变形下热-力学耦合的观点讨论了其应变硬化模量随应变率的增加而降低,从而有应变率敏感系数随应变增大而降低的特性。  相似文献   

7.
混凝土动态双轴拉压破坏准则细观数值模拟研究   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
金浏  李健  余文轩  杜修力 《力学学报》2022,54(3):800-809
正常服役期内的混凝土结构往往处于复杂应力状态, 并且不可避免地会受到偶发动力载荷作用. 对于复杂载荷作用下的混凝土力学性能研究, 破坏准则是基础. 受试验设备等条件限制, 现有的动态双轴拉压破坏准则形式复杂、缺乏更高应变率和侧应力比范围且尚未综合考虑应变率和侧应力比的耦合作用. 为进一步提出适用范围更高且更准确的混凝土动态双轴拉压破坏准则, 在细观尺度上建立了混凝土立方体三维随机数值模型, 模拟了不同应变率和侧应力比下混凝土材料的动态双轴拉压破坏行为, 分别讨论了应变率和侧应力比对混凝土破坏模式和动态双轴强度的影响, 总结提出了混凝土动态双轴拉压破坏准则. 研究结论如下: 随应变率和侧应力比增大, 混凝土试件内部损伤增多, 裂纹数量增加. 动态双轴拉压工况下, 混凝土动态主轴压缩强度和侧轴拉伸强度均随应变率的增大而增大. 随侧应力比增大, 动态主轴压缩强度减小, 而动态侧轴拉伸强度增大. 本文提出的混凝土动态双轴拉压强度准则具有应变率和侧应力比适用范围大, 形式精炼简洁, 不再受物理试验条件限制和考虑了应变率和侧应力比的耦合作用等优点, 并且该准则得到了不同角度的验证.   相似文献   

8.
为合理描述外部环境改变引起土体结构性的变化规律,基于综合结构势理论,通过三轴剪切试验,研究了应力比结构性参数(mη)随试验条件的变化规律。试验结果表明:粉质粘土应力-应变曲线包括应变软化型曲线、理想弹塑性曲线、应变硬化型曲线3种形式;粉质粘土强度随着含水量的增大而减小,随着围压的增大而增大。粉质粘土应力比结构性参数随着含水率和围压的增大而减小。采用初始应力比结构性参数和结构性损伤量参数两个参数,建立了粉质粘土结构性应力-应变数学模型。将试验结果与模型计算结果进行了对比分析,结果表明二者强度误差小于3%,说明了所建立模型的合理性。  相似文献   

9.
利用材料试验机和SHPB装置研究了常态下纯锆的准静态和动态压缩力学性能。塑性变形阶段的流动应力及硬化率随应变率提高而增大,应变10%~20%段的应力-应变曲线表现出凹向上趋势。金相观测表明孪晶是纯锆的重要变形机制,孪晶密度随应变及应变率的增长而增大。大应变时,在动态压缩试样表面观测到与压缩轴呈45°的宏观裂纹。试样纵向剖开后,金相观测到发展的绝热剪切带。  相似文献   

10.
钛合金TC-4在高应变率下的动态本构关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用分离式Hopkinson扭杆对钛合金TC-4进行了高应变率下动态剪切本构关系的实验研究。结果表明TC-4对应变率高度敏感,对应变率的敏感性随应变率的提高而增加。其动态应力应变关系呈线性强化形式。但动态强化模量随应变率的提高而略有减少。采用Malvern给出的过应力模式_p={exp[(1/)(-f())]-1}/b可以较好地描述TC-4的动态剪切本构关系。  相似文献   

11.
We consider adiabatic shearing of solids exhibiting strain rate sensitivity and thermal softening or non-Newtonian liquids with temperature dependent viscosity. The processes are caused by a steady boundary force. We prove that there exists a unique solution and, as the time tends to ∞, the processes converge to the shearing under constant shear stress. The proof is based on a priori estimates, which are obtained with the help of identities for solutions of the system of conservation laws and constitutive relation describing the processes. The result idicates that, as expected, the viscosity or thermal diffusion play a stabilizing role.  相似文献   

12.
通过一系列动态三轴实验,研究了原状饱和辽西风积土在不同固结压力条件下的动态强度、动态弹性模量和阻尼比。结果表明,辽西风积土的破坏动态强度随着固结围压和固结应力比的增大而增大,而动态剪切强度明显区别于静态剪强度;其动态弹模量随着固结应力比和固结围压的增加而增加,而阻尼比随着固结应力比和固结围压的增大而减小。同时,分别拟合得到最大动态弹模量和最大阻尼比与有效固结应力的关系式,并且对动态弹模量和阻尼比进行了归一化处理。  相似文献   

13.
Dynamic crushing responses of honeycomb structures having irregular cell shapes and non-uniform cell wall thickness are studied using the Voronoi tessellation technique and the finite element (FE) method. FE models are constructed for such honeycomb structures based on Voronoi diagrams with different degrees of cell shape irregularity and cell wall thickness non-uniformity. The plateau stress, the densification strain energy and the initiation strain are determined using the FE models. Simulation results reveal that the “X” and “V” shaped deformation modes evident in a perfectly ordered honeycomb at low or moderate impact velocities are disrupted as cell shapes become irregular and/or cell wall thickness gets non-uniform. The “I” shaped deformation mode is clearly seen in all honeycomb structures at high impact velocities. Both the plateau stress and the densification strain energy are found to decrease as the degree of cell shape irregularity or the degree of cell wall thickness non-uniformity increases, with the weakening effect induced by the presence of non-uniform cell wall thickness being more significant. When the two types of imperfections co-exist in a honeycomb structure, the interaction between them is seen to exhibit a complicated pattern and to have a nonlinear effect on both the plateau stress and the densification strain energy. It is also found that stress waves propagate faster in a honeycomb structure having irregular cell shapes and slower in a honeycomb structure having non-uniform cell wall thickness than in a perfectly ordered honeycomb. Finally, the strain hardening of the cell wall material is seen to have a strengthening effect on the plateau stress, which is more significant for perfectly ordered honeycombs than for imperfect honeycomb structures.  相似文献   

14.
For simple shearing and simple extension deformations of a homogeneous and isotropic elastic body, it is shown that a linear relation between the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor and the Green-St. Venant strain tensor does not predict a physically reasonable response of the body. This constitutive relation implies that the slope of the curve between an appropriate component of the first Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor and a deformation measure is an increasing functions of the deformation measure. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

15.
In this paper, each of the two phases in dense two-phase flow is considered as continuous medium and the fundamental equations for two-phase flow are described in Eulerian form. The generalized constitutive relation of the Bingham fluid is applied to the dispersed phase with the analysis of physical mechanism of dense two-phase flow. The shearing stress of dispersed phase at a wall is used to give a boundary condition. Then a mathematical model for dense two-phase flow is obtained. In addition, the expressions of shearing stress of dispersed phase at a wall is derived according to the fundamental model of the factional collision between dispersed-phase particles and the wall.  相似文献   

16.
The initiation and growth of adiabatic shear bands   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A simple version of thermo/viscoplasticity theory is used to model the formation of adiabatic shear bands in high rate deformation of solids. The one dimensional shearing deformation of a finite slab is considered. For the constitutive assumptions made in this paper, homogeneous shearing produces a stress/strain response curve that always has a maximum when strain and rate hardening, plastic heating, and thermal softening are taken into account. Shear bands form if a perturbation is added to the homogeneous fields just before peak stress is obtained with these new fields being used as initial conditions. The resulting initial/boundary value problem is solved by the finite element method for one set of material parameters. The shear band grows slowly at first, then accelerates sharply, until finally the plastic strain rate in the center reaches a maximum, followed by a slow decline. Stress drops rapidly throughout the slab, and the central temperature increases rapidly as the peak in strain rate develops.  相似文献   

17.
为了研究轴向应力和渗透力共同作用下软化围岩的应力与位移的变化及分布规律. 基于摩尔-库伦屈服准则及应力-应变软化模型并考虑轴向应力和渗透力的共同作用,将整个塑性区分为有限个同心圆环,以弹塑性交界面处的应力、应变为初始值,并采用微小径向应力增量逐步求出各个圆环上的应力应变及塑性区半径,据此重构了考虑渗透力和轴向力共同作用下软化围岩应力应变特性的逐步求解方法. 利用该方法,推导出软化围岩应力应变的解. 计算结果表明:在考虑轴向应力作用下,塑性区半径和隧道围岩位移都随着渗透力的增加而有所减小;当轴向应力为最小主应力时,渗透力的影响更为显著. 这说明渗透力的存在对于隧道围岩的应力应变分布以及塑性半径和围岩的位移有不可忽略的影响.  相似文献   

18.
A two-dimensional linear spring model is established to study the microbuckling of a plane monomolecular layer adhering to a substrate. The model is for the layer subjected to a compressive load having an arbitrary angle with the chemical bond of the layer. The effects of the load angle, the strength of adhesion and the bending stiffness and shearing stiffness (the capability of resisting transverse bending and in-plane shearing) of the layer on the minimal buckling force and the critical buckling mode are discussed. It is found that the minimal buckling force increases with increasing load angle and, for a given bending stiffness, increases with increasing strength of adhesion and decreasing shearing stiffness. Furthermore, a critical condition under which the buckling of the layer can just occur is obtained, which is helpful to avoid buckling in an engineering application. The project supported by the National Distinguished Young Scientist Fund, Cheung Kong Scholars Programme, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10272082, 10172068) and Shanghai Postdoctoral Science Foundation  相似文献   

19.
本文以上海临港新城冲填土地层分布区的道路在车辆振动荷载作用下路基变形为研究对象,以一定的动应力、不同的振动频率来模拟车辆振动荷载,进行了振动三轴试验研究,试验结果表明:在固结比相同,振动幅值相同的情况下,轴向应变随着振动次数的增加呈线性增大;轴向应变随孔隙水压力的增加先缓慢增长,当孔压比达到一定值后,轴向应变会迅速增加,直到破坏;轴向应变与剪应变和径向应变呈良好的线性关系。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号