静风荷载作用下大跨度钢拱桥施工稳定性的参数研究

随着钢拱桥跨径的不断增大，钢拱桥在静风荷载作用下的施工稳定性问题已引起了人们的广泛重视。本文以上海在建的主跨550m的中承式钢拱桥为例，采用几何和材科非线性分析法详细分析了大跨度钢拱桥在两个不同施工阶段下的静风稳定性。结果表明，拱肋最初合拢状态是拱桥施工过程中最不利的状态。最后，详细探讨影响大跨度钢拱桥施工过程中静风稳定性的主要参数。     

泊松比对钢管混凝土拱桥极限承载力的影响

主要研究在几何和材料双非线性影响下,分析大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥钢管内混凝土泊松比变化对桥梁极限承载力的影响.。以某桥为背景,利用ansys程序进行三维有限元仿真分析,在考虑混凝土泊松比变化情况下,逐步改变核心混凝土泊松比直至结构破坏,并与不考虑混凝土泊松比变化的情况相比较,以考察核心混凝土泊松比变化对桥梁极限承载力影响程度,得出在对拱桥的极限承载力分析时,考虑钢管对核心混凝土的套箍作用,可使极限承载力比不考虑混凝土泊松比变化时的计算值高出10%。     

哑铃型钢管混凝土拱肋极限承载力研究

为了研究哑铃型钢管混凝土拱肋的力学性能,基于统一强度理论和等效梁柱法,考虑中间主应力和材料拉压比的影响,推导了其极限承载力的新公式。采用梁单元建立哑铃型钢管混凝土拱肋的有限元模型,对其受力全过程进行双重非线性分析。将理论分析结果和数值计算结果与相关文献的试验结果进行比较,吻合良好,验证了本文理论分析方法和有限元计算方法的正确性。采用有限元方法,对荷载工况、长细比、矢跨比、截面形式和腹腔混凝土等参数的影响特性进行分析,研究结果表明,荷载工况对哑铃型钢管混凝土拱肋的极限承载力影响显著,荷载越对称、均匀,拱肋的极限承载力越高,竖向变形越小;拱肋的极限承载力随长细比的增大而显著降低,随矢跨比的增大先提高后略有降低;截面形式对拱肋的强度和刚度均有较大影响,而腹腔混凝土对其强度和刚度几乎没有影响。     

不排水双层粘性土地基极限承载力的数值分析

采用弹塑性有限元分析了条形基础作用下不排水条件的双层粘性土地基极限承载力性状。采用修正的地基承载力系数表征,并将不同的几何与土层参数条件下的数值解与上下限解和经典的经验解进行比较。表明弹塑性位移有限元法可以很好地求解地基的极限承载力问题,其求解得到的修正地基承载力系数与基于下限原理的有限元解很接近,而上限解高估了地基的极限荷载值,传统的经验解在某些条件下却偏小。     

初始缺陷对任意边界板极限承载力的影响分析

板钢结构承载力分析最终可化简为对一任意边界的矩形板在面内荷载作用下的极限承载力分析.从含初始弯曲的大挠度方程出发,以板厚度的折减量为摄动参数,将残余应力考虑成等效荷载,根据实用板与理想板的比较,得出板的厚度折减量和板的极限承载力方程.通过与非线性有限元方法和已有试验数据的验证分析,表明折减厚度法适用范围广、安全、精度高,可作为非线性有限元方法的补充,大大简化了结构极限承载力分析的复杂性.     

注浆微型钢管桩抗弯性能研究

为探讨注浆微型钢管桩的抗弯性能，对不同钢管管径、壁厚以及砂浆强度的12根试件，采用正交试验方案进行纯弯曲试验，基于试验结果提出极限抗弯承载力表达式，并采用有限元软件ANSYS建立模型进行验证。结果表明：注浆微型钢管桩的弯曲全过程可分为3个阶段，即，弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段和强化阶段；对注浆微型钢管极限荷载敏感性大小为，钢管管径>钢管壁厚>砂浆强度等级；不同规程计算的极限抗弯承载力与试验差异较大，本研究所提出的注浆微型钢管桩极限抗弯承载力表达式与试验结果吻合较好，钢管的抗弯承载力约占注浆微型钢管桩总抗弯承载力的78%,管内砂浆约占22%;有限元模拟结果显示，管内砂浆对微型钢管桩的抗弯性能有较大的提升，验证了所提出的注浆微型钢管桩抗弯承载力表达式的正确性。     

含腐蚀缺陷的管道静力性能试验测试研究

为研究腐蚀缺陷对管道承载力的影响,本文分别进行了含腐蚀缺陷管道在轴压载荷、弯曲载荷以及轴压和弯曲复合载荷作用下的静力失效过程测试。通过不同载荷作用下管道的荷载-位移曲线以及荷载-应变曲线来分析管道的失效模式和失效机理;通过有限元分析结果与试验测试结果验证其准确性。结果表明:腐蚀缺陷使管道在三种不同荷载作用下的极限承载力均有所下降;针对文中所研究的管道及其腐蚀缺陷,在轴压载荷作用下管道承载力下降了18.4%,在弯曲载荷作用下管道承载力下降了20.96%,在轴压和弯曲复合载荷作用下管道承载力下降了13.3%;管道中腐蚀缺陷位置的管壁厚度减小,该位置应变发展迅速,首先进入塑性屈服状态,最终导致该腐蚀位置发生弹塑性屈曲失效。     

岩溶区桩端基岩极限承载力及破坏模式试验研究

基于室内模型试验对不同溶洞顶板厚度和位置偏移量下桩端基岩极限承载力及破坏模式进行了研究。试验结果表明:基岩承载力随着溶洞顶板厚度的增加呈线性增长,到5D(D为桩径)时达到完整基岩极限承载力;随着位置偏移量的增大,基岩极限承载力也随之增大;当位置偏移溶洞轴线1.0l(l为洞跨)时,基岩承载力达到完整基岩极限承载力;顶板厚度达到5D时,位置偏移对基岩承载力无影响。溶洞顶板厚度在1D~3D时,在中心荷载作用下破坏模式为冲切破坏,破坏体为一旋转体;随着荷载位置偏移量的增加,破坏模式转变为扇形冲切破坏;当位置偏移量为1.0l时,破坏模式由冲切破坏过渡到桩端基岩塑性区发展破坏;溶洞顶板厚度为4D时,在中心荷载下呈现撕裂和冲切复合的破坏模式;溶洞顶板厚度为5D时,沿溶洞轴线方向发生撕裂破坏并伴随桩端基岩塑性区发展。最后结合规范给出了完整顶板不同厚度时的安全系数。     

冷弯薄壁槽形截面钢柱的优化设计

求解冷弯开口薄壁截面短柱的极限承载力是一个板组结构的大挠度弹塑性分析问题，板件之间相互作用和纵向面内加载方式对其局部屈曲后性能和稳定极限承载力有很大的影响。本文应用大挠度弹塑性有限条分析方法系统地研究了冷弯薄壁槽形截面柱的极限承载能力和它们的优化性能，并对荷载偏心距为常数和位移梯度为常数的两种加载条件下的薄壁开口短柱局部屈曲后性能和极限承载力进行了对比分析和探讨。     

复杂条件下地基承载力系数N_γ的上限解

由地基土重量引起的地基承载力系数N_γ的真实解答至今尚未获取．本文根据极限分析法与极限平衡法的等效性,构造出最危险的运动许可滑动机构,得出N_γ尽可能小的上限解．分别定量分析了在荷载倾斜、基底倾斜、地表倾斜对N_γ的影响,提出了近似影响系数公式,并与现有研究结果进行比较．     

Preface: Current research progress on mechanics of high speed rail

The construction and operation of high-speed rail（HSR）grid within the past two decades in China,in terms of the scale,may be possibly comparable to any national-wide construction in the history of China,even the Great Wall.By counting railways with commercial train service at the speed of200 km/h,China has the world’s longest HSR network with over 19 369.8 km of track in service today and this number     

ACTA MECHANICA SINICA 2014 ANNUAL SUBJECT INDEX

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人造地震动合成中的位移误差分析

三角函数级数法是合成人工地震动常用算法之一,但是通过对加速度积分求取位移时,却存在与零线漂移相类似的位移漂移现象。     

Hermitian space-time finite elements for estuarine mass transport

Space-time finite element solutions of the convection–dispersion equation using higher-order nodal continuity and Hermitian polynomial shape functions are described. Five separate elements ranging from a complete linear element with C^0,0 nodal continuity to a complete first-order Hermitian element with C^1,1 nodal continuity are subjected to detailed analysis. Wave deformation analyses identify the source of leading or trailing edge oscillations, trailing edge oscillations being the major source of difficulty. These observations are confirmed by numerical experiments which further demonstrate the potential of higher-order nodal continuity. The performance of the complete first-order Hermitian element is quite satisfactory and measurably superior to the linear element.     

Rainwater rivulets on a cable subject to windFilets d'eau de pluie sur un câble soumis au vent

Rainwater rivulets appear on inclined cables of cable-stayed bridges when wind and rain occur simultaneously. In a restricted range of parameters this is known to cause vibrations of high amplitudes on the cable. The mechanism underlying this effect is still under debate but the role of rainwater rivulets is certain. We use a standard lubrication model to analyse the dynamics of a water film on a cylinder under the effect of gravity and wind load. A simple criterion is then proposed for the appearance and position of rivulets, where the Froude number is the control parameter. Experiments with several geometries of cylinder covered with water in a wind tunnel show the evolution of the rivulets with the Froude number. Comparison of the prediction by the model with these experimental data shows that the main mechanism of rivulet formation and positioning is captured. To cite this article: C. Lemaitre et al., C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006).     

Cristallisation par onde acoustique : le cas de l'héliumCrystallization by acoustic waves: the case of helium

We establish a theoretical model to explain the nucleation of a crystal of helium by an acoustic over-pressure. We explain the interfacial laws for this ultra-fast cristallization, close to the sound speed. Assuming spherical symmetry and taking into account the experimental data, we recover the dynamics of the growth and melting during an over-pressure impulse. To cite this article: M. Ben Amar et al., C. R. Mecanique 331 (2003).     

Structure initiale et propriétés de liquéfaction statique d'un sableInitial structure and static liquefaction properties of sand.

Based on the use of two different preparation procedures for reconstituting triaxial samples of sand, i.e. wet tamping and dry pluviation, significant differences in associated mechanical behaviour are observed on a reference sand with respect to the phenomenon of ‘static’ liquefaction. Wet tamping favours the initiation of liquefaction instability, whereas dry pluviation favours a more stable behaviour, less susceptible to liquefaction. Microscopic observation of corresponding sand specimens allows us to identify two well differentiated structures, i.e., for wet tamping, an irregular structure with predominance of aggregates (aggregated grains) and macropores, very contractant and unstable and, for dry pluviation, a more regular structure, without macropores, more dilatant and more stable. These observations show the importance of further characterization, based on the introduction of appropriate parameters, of the initial structure of sandy materials, strongly dependant upon their mode of formation (natural or artificial). To cite this article: N. Benahmed et al., C. R. Mecanique 332 (2004).     

INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Contributions： The Journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is pleased to receive papers from engineers and scientists working in various aspects of solid mechanics. All contributions are subject to critical review prior to acceptance and publication.     

The 7th International Conference on Fluid Mechanics May 24-27,2015,Qingdao,China

正http://www.icfm7.org First Announcement and Call for PapersThe objective of International Conference on Fluid Mechanics(ICFM)is to provide a forum for researchers to exchange new ideas and recent advances in the fields of theoretical,experimental,computational Fluid Mechanics as well as interdisciplinary subjects.It was successfully convened by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics(CSTAM)in Beijing(1987,