浆氮制备及其管内流动特性的实验研究

本文对冻结一融化法制备浆氮进行了研究,考查了真空泵抽速及冻结、融化时间对浆氮性质的影响,得到了制备含有细小固氮颗粒浆氮的方法。并研究了浆氮在内径10 mm的水平长直圆管中的流动性质。实验结果表明,当真空泵抽速大于4 L/s且冻结与融化时间分别为10 s与5 s时制备效率高且生成的固氮颗粒直径约1 mm。浆氮在水平圆管内流动时单位长度的压降略高于液相压降,且随流速和固相体积分数的增加而增加,在低速时固相体积分数对流动压降有明显影响。     

冷壁上单个静止过冷液滴冻结过程的数值模拟

以飞机飞行过程中过冷液滴撞击飞机表面所发生的结冰现象为背景,数值研究冷壁上单个静止过冷液滴的冻结过程。考虑重力作用下液滴的变形,并将过冷液滴冻结过程中成核再辉阶段的影响转化为物性参数的变化和模拟的初始条件,基于Fluent凝固/融化模型,模拟单个静止过冷液滴的冻结过程,模拟所得液滴冻结过程与文献中的实验结果吻合良好,最终冻结时间偏差为12.5%。进一步研究过冷度、壁面接触角、来流速度对过冷液滴冻结过程的影响,结果表明:过冷度越大,壁面接触角越小,来流速度越大,过冷液滴冻结越快,最终冻结时间越短,为研究飞机结冰机理提供参考。     

单/双向进气再入式涡轮内部流动特性研究

利用三维数值计算方法,得到了单/双向进气再入式涡轮总体性能参数,并对其内部流动进行了详细研究。通过对数值模拟结果的分析表明:单向进气再入式涡轮尺寸较大、结构复杂的再入管道,使得流经其中的燃气总压损失大于双向进气结构型式,且单向进气再入涡轮第二级动叶进口负冲角更大,造成更高的进气损失,因而其总静效率较双向进气结构型式低2.37%。单向进气再入涡轮动叶排两侧压力沿周向分布不均匀性参数分别为1.0472和1.6530,双向进气结构型式为1.8497和1.1233,双向进气结构型式压力沿周向不均匀性更大,导致轴向间隙内的燃气沿周向窜流的程度更大,且双向进气结构型式的第一级进气扇区与出口段布置在同侧,使得沿周向窜动的燃气更易直接流出涡轮,降低了再入管道对前面级燃气的收集能力。     

肿瘤冻融相变传热过程的数值模拟

本文建立了肿瘤组织多孔介质冻融相变传热的数学模型.采用显热容法研究模拟了冷热交替治疗过程中肿瘤组织中温度场分布以及冰晶增长和融化过程.研究结果表明,当冷刀进入组织以后,组织内会产生冰晶的生长.当冷刀的温度上升时,开始时在冷刀侧附近冰晶融化,出现一个冰晶融化的相界面;随着冷刀温度的上升,逐步出现两个冰晶融化的相界面.血液灌注率的存在使组织冻结速度变慢.     

可单向和双向运转的自锁模掺钛蓝宝石环形激光器

首次报道了采用六镜环形腔结构的掺钛蓝宝石激光器，该激光器既可以实现自锁模的单向运转，也可以实现自锁模的双向同时运转。     

巨腔系统中的光子屏蔽

随着巨原子研究的展开,量子干涉效应的应用逐步广泛.基于量子干涉效应,利用海森伯-郎之万方程,研究了巨腔与波导耦合系统的相位调控,打破了传统小原子与波导耦合体系中偶极近似的限制.研究表明,通过给系统外加一对相位差为?的驱动,在三腔系统中,当系统达到稳态时,腔阵列波导的中间腔与单模巨腔内的光子数可以实现双向屏蔽.将研究拓展至多腔系统中时,可在不同条件下分别实现巨腔与耦合腔阵列波导的单向和双向屏蔽.基于量子干涉效应的光子调控,该系统可以实现腔的光子数为0,希望在量子器件设计和量子信息处理等领域实现新应用.     

环形腔自锁模掺钛蓝宝石激光器

实现了环形腔掺钛蓝宝石激光器的自锁模运转。在双向同时锁模时获得脉宽为３６ｆｓ的锁模脉冲；在单向锁模时得到脉宽为３２ｆｓ的锁模脉冲。并对激光器的运转特性进行了分析。     

基于双向热阻模型的光电热一体化理论

通过双向热阻模型描述LED系统内部双向散热路径,进而构建光电热一体化模型。基于双向热阻模型参数,光电热一体化模型可高精度预测LED系统的结温以及光通量。实验验证结果表明,基于所提出的双向热阻模型的结温计算值和实验值的平均误差在5.3%之内,而采用传统的单向热阻模型的结温计算值和实验值的平均误差达到11.2%。基于双向热阻模型的光电热一体化理论,光通量的计算值与实验值的平均误差在6.3%之内。     

环形腔自锁模渗钛蓝宝石激光器

实现了环形腔掺钛蓝宝石激光器的自锁模运转，在双向同时锁模时获得宽为３６ｆｓ的我没模脉冲，在单向锁模时得到脉宽为３２ｆｓ的锁模脉冲，并对激光器的运转特性进行了分析。     

基于双向热阻模型的光电热一体化理论（英文）

通过双向热阻模型描述LED系统内部双向散热路径,进而构建光电热一体化模型。基于双向热阻模型参数,光电热一体化模型可高精度预测LED系统的结温以及光通量。实验验证结果表明,基于所提出的双向热阻模型的结温计算值和实验值的平均误差在5.3%之内,而采用传统的单向热阻模型的结温计算值和实验值的平均误差达到11.2%。基于双向热阻模型的光电热一体化理论,光通量的计算值与实验值的平均误差在6.3%之内。     

白光和红绿蓝光LED可调光源研制

为了提高LED光源色温和亮度的调节精度和准确度,结合色温由低向高变化时光色所呈现的渐变特点,提出了一种低色温白光LED灯珠、高色温白光LED灯珠加红绿蓝光LED灯珠补偿式调光的方法.将色温分成三个部分进行调节,每个部分选用不同的LED灯珠组合来进行调光.实验结果表明:不同组合情况下的LED光源的初始输出色温相对于目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;亮度可以在保证色温不变的情况下独立进行调节,初始输出值与目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;经过微调之后可以达到目标值;达到了色温和亮度独立调节的要求;光源发光稳定,不会因为长时间工作而影响调节精度.     

Atomic and electronic structures and stability of icosahedral nanodiamonds and onions

The relative stability of alternative carbon nanoparticles with icosahedral symmetry, such as diamond-like nanocrystallites and multiwalled fullerenes (onions), is investigated using the parametric model and the density functional tight-binding (DFTB) method. It is demonstrated that an increase in the size of particles and their hydrogenation favor the stabilization of diamond-like nanocrystallites. The formation of “intermediate” nanostructures consisting of diamond-like nanocrystallites inside the fullerene cage is revealed. The electronic spectra of icosahedral carbon nanoparticles are calculated.     

Visualization and interferometry for cylindrical and spherical sample tomography and profilometry

A technique combining image processing and laser interferometry for visualizing and detecting the deformation of transparent cylindrical and spherical sample is proposed. This deformation includes geometric deformation such as volume transition in profilometry and physical deformation such as refractive index change in tomography. Phase contour lines are used for quantitative analysis and graphical representation of the deformation. This method allows us to visually detect the spatial variation of the deformation field and to evaluate the test quality such as misalignment of optical system. A theoretical analysis using phase contour map to characterize the deformation field is described in detail. A method using phase contour map to qualify the interferometric test is proposed. Analysis of test examples is carried out. Suggestions on using phase contour line method to ameliorate test system design are finally discussed.     

Nonlocal potentials and their exact and approximate local and velocity-dependent equivalents

We show that good approximations to the exact equivalent local potential (ELP) and damping factor of a nonlocal Perey-Buck potential can be calculated in the partial wave WKB approximation of Horiuchi. The exact ELP and damping factor are obtained by means of a method previously given by one of us. We also confirm that an approximate ELP proposed by Bauhoff et al. is of comparable accuracy as the Horiuchi approximation. Thesel-dependent ELP's exhibit reduced attraction in the interior and provide a test for higher order WKB approximations. We subsequently obtain an equivalent velocity dependent potential (EVDP) which is even exactly wave function equivalent to the original nonlocal potential. This almost local potential, unlike the trivial equivalent local potential, is smooth and well-behaved and is therefore particularly useful in nuclear reactions where the off-shell behaviour of the potential is important.     

Quantum and Classical Disparity and Accord

Discrepancies and accords between quantum (QM) and classical mechanics (CM) related to expectation values and periods are generally found for both the harmonic oscillator (SHO) and a free particle in a box (FPB), which may apply generally. These indicate non-locality is expected throughout QM. The FPB energy states violate the Correspondence Principle. Previously unexpected accords are found and proven that 〈x ²〉 _CM =〈x ²〉 _QM and τ _CM =τ _QMb (beat period i.e. beats between the phases for adjoining energy states) for the SHO for all quantum numbers, n. However, for the FPB the beat periods differ at small n. It is shown that a particle’s velocity in an infinite square well varies, no matter how wide the box, nor how far the particle is from the walls. The quantum free particle variances share an indirect commonality with the Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects in that there is a quantum action in the absence of a force. The concept of an “Expectation Value over a Partial Well Width” is introduced. This paper raises the question as to whether these inconsistencies are undetectable, or can be empirically ascertained. These inherent variances may need to be fixed, or nature is manifestly more non-classical than expected.