共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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为了降低采用光子相关光谱法进行纳米颗粒测量时噪音对颗粒粒径反演结果的影响,提出了一种基于加权非负最小二乘法的光子相关光谱纳米颗粒粒径计算方法.该方法以光子相关光谱自身作为权值,推导出反演算法的离散模型,避免了接近零点的测量数据波动对测量结果的影响.利用光子相关光谱纳米检测实验平台对90nm、190nm及混合的乳胶颗粒进行实验研究,并与传统非负最小二乘法反演结果进行了对比.60s测量时间的30次实验数据表明:对单峰颗粒群进行反演时,该方法多次测量结果与传统非负最小二乘法结果相近,但是多次重复测量的方差较小,证明该方法重复性较好;对多峰颗粒群进行反演时,该方法反演结果更接近颗粒的真实值,而非负最小二乘法其反演结果与真实值有较大偏离.在不同测量时间的实验数据表明:测量较短的情况下,该方法反演结果方差较小,能在更短的采样时间情况下,获得更准确的测量结果. 相似文献
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传统的动态光散射法通常采集侧向散射进行纳米颗粒粒度分布的测量,由于多次散射的影响,利用侧向散射不能准确测量高浓度样品的颗粒粒度分布。针对该问题,对后向散射测量方法进行了研究,在实验基础上提出了后向散射最佳光程的判断准则。在不同样品浓度下,用侧向散射和后向散射方法对标称粒径分别为110 nm、220 nm的聚苯乙烯乳胶球颗粒进行了测量。实验结果表明,对于高浓度的待测样品,后向散射测量方法通过自适应调整光程,在最优光程处进行测量,能够有效得到高浓度纳米颗粒的粒径及粒度分布,测量结果相对误差为2.72%。 相似文献
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时间或空间相关透射起伏频谱法是近年发展起来的一种新的颗粒测量方法,它可同时测量颗粒粒径分布和浓度,并可用来进行在线、实时测量。研究表明,随着浓度增大,逐渐增强的高浓度效应会导致测量值越来越严重地偏离理论值。本文采用模拟计算方法讨论无限细光束照射下的时间相关透射起伏频谱法高浓度效应并给出部分实验验证。分析表明,无限细光束照射时的透射起伏相关频谱主要受到层结构效应的影响,颗粒交叠效应不明显,表明为随着颗粒浓度增大,转换函数(特征函数)逐渐偏离低浓度理论值并向无因次相关时间小的方向移动,阶高始终保持不变。 相似文献
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消光起伏光谱法(TFS)是一种新的颗粒测量方法,可同时测量两相流中颗粒的粒径分布和体积浓度。由于在测量原理和结构上非常简单,这种方法可用来实现在线、实时测量。然而在实际测量中,消光起伏光谱法对颗粒粒径分布的分辨率还比较低且对高浓度颗粒系的测量须考虑颗粒相互作用效应。本文提出一种新的数据处理方法-消光起伏相关光谱法(TFCS),通过对消光起伏信号在不同相关时间参数下进行相关计算来得到消光起伏光谱以提高消光起伏法对颗粒粒径分布的分辨率。 相似文献
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针对光子相关光谱颗粒测量法在测量超细纳米颗粒时,容易受噪声影响,导致拟合误差较大的问题,提出了一种基于奇异值分解的光子相关光谱滤波方法。其处理步骤为:利用颗粒系的光强自相关函数数据构造Hankel矩阵H;对矩阵进行奇异值分解;根据奇异值的大小分布,确定噪声级别和重建参数r;从重建矩阵H1中提取经滤波后的光强自相数据,再通过传统方法进行拟合,得到颗粒的粒径分布。实验中采用30nm标准乳胶球单分散颗粒系,以及30nm和100nm标准乳胶球双分散颗粒系进行实验对比。结果证明:基于奇异值分解的光子相关光谱滤波法有效地提高了测量准确性。 相似文献
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针对光子相关光谱颗粒测量法在测量超细纳米颗粒时,容易受噪声影响,导致拟合误差较大的问题,提出了一种基于奇异值分解的光子相关光谱滤波方法。其处理步骤为:利用颗粒系的光强自相关函数数据构造Hankel矩阵H;对矩阵进行奇异值分解;根据奇异值的大小分布,确定噪声级别和重建参数r;从重建矩阵H1中提取经滤波后的光强自相数据,再通过传统方法进行拟合,得到颗粒的粒径分布。实验中采用30nm标准乳胶球单分散颗粒系,以及30nm和100nm标准乳胶球双分散颗粒系进行实验对比。结果证明:基于奇异值分解的光子相关光谱滤波法有效地提高了测量准确性。 相似文献
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消光起伏频谱法是一种新的测量两相流系统中颗粒粒径分布和浓度的方法,装置简单,操作方便,适合实时、在线测量。采用二阶低通滤波器对起伏的透射率信号分析,得到消光起伏频谱实验数据,并利用改进的Chahine循环方法计算得到颗粒的粒径分布和浓度信息。重点讨论高浓度情况,包括对特征函数频率响应的修正和对其阶高修正两个方面,得到修正参量并运用到反演算法中从而得到正确的测量结果。测量结果表明,通过高浓度修正,消光起伏频谱法可以在很大的颗粒浓度动态范围得到合理的测量结果,其可测颗粒最大体积分数视颗粒的大小而定。 相似文献
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动态光散射技术是一种测量纳米颗粒粒径分布的最有效方法。为了克服高浓度样品溶液中存在的多重散射效应, 本文基于单模光纤搭建了一套DLS实验系统, 传输光纤的输出端与接收光纤的接收端都作了抛光磨平处理。在模拟复杂工业环境下, 分别用低浓度单分散、不同浓度单分散以及高浓度多分散性标准聚苯乙烯乳胶球悬浮液检测了该系统的适用性。实验结果表明, 利用该系统可快速准确的测量体积分数达40%的聚苯乙烯乳胶球悬浮液中的纳米颗粒粒径及其分布。 相似文献
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在光子相关光谱(PCS)颗粒测量技术中非线性累积反演方法是一种重要的算法。采用无约束非线性优化算法对反演过程中相关曲线的拟合问题进行了分析和研究, 实现了从任意初始值开始获取最优非线性拟合解, 并给出了算法的实现步骤。采用此方法对50 nm, 100 nm, 200 nm和500 nm的标准聚苯乙烯乳胶颗粒的实测光强自相关函数数据进行了拟合, 并反演了颗粒粒径, 与其他曲线拟合算法相比, 本算法不但对初始值的依赖性小, 而且得到的颗粒粒径更接近乳胶颗粒的标称直径, 测量误差更小。 相似文献
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基于偏振门的动态光散射颗粒测量法的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
为了解决动态光散射纳米颗粒测量技术无法测量高浓度颗粒粒径的难题,提出了一种基于偏振门的动态光散射测量法。从动态光散射和Mie理论出发,理论分析了在高浓度溶液下多重散射效应对散射光偏振态和颗粒粒度测量结果的影响。根据散射光偏振特点,结合偏振门检测技术,改进了传统的动态光散射光学系统。实验研究了在低浓度和高浓度溶液时,不同偏振角度下的散射光强和粒度测量值,完善了散射光的偏振理论。采用90°偏振门检偏,通过各种浓度下的实验,证明了方法的可行性。该方法较之目前同类方法具有原理和结构简单,系统易于维护的特点。 相似文献
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Ian L. Holwill Gareth B. Davies Nigel J. Titchener-Hooker Michael Hoare 《Particle & Particle Systems Characterization》1995,12(3):139-147
Dynamic light scattering is a widely used technique for the sizing of colloidal suspensions. It is capable of measuring particles across the size range from approximately 1 nm to several microns. However the larger particle sizes tend to pose problems for the interpretation of the scattered light signal either by virtue of their light scattering efficiency relative to the smaller species present or the departure of the scattered light signal from Gaussian statistics. Rapid removal of such particles in-situ could extend the use of dynamic light scattering particularly in on-line analysis or laboratory automated measurement. In this paper a method is demonstrated for the in-situ removal of larger particles in suspension by means of ultrasonic standing waves and concurrent dynamic light scattering measurement. The theory behind ultrasonic particle manipulation and its effect on the motion of the particles is discussed. Data from a scattering cell designed to incorporate the ultrasonic technology is presented showing that dynamic light scattering measurements may be carried out under such conditions. Varying the energy density of the ultrasonic field allows particles greater than a defined cut-off diameter to be removed from the measurement region. Theory shows that the minimum cut-off size may be as small as 100 nm. Results presented here demonstrate complete removal at a lower diameter threshold of approximately 2000 nm. 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to enhance existing knowledge of different techniques developed for the characterization of stability and particle sizing of nanoparticles in dense dispersions subjected to interparticulate and hydrodynamic forces. Silica suspension, commercially known as Klebosol® 30R50 and consisting of a particle size of 80 nm on average, was investigated in the study over a wide range of concentrations. The investigations were carried out using different optical and acoustic techniques such as laser diffraction, multiple light scattering, photon correlation spectroscopy and acoustic spectroscopy. The study details the capabilities and limitations of these modern techniques based on the different physical principles behind the characterization of the size distribution of particles in suspensions. The results are presented in terms of particle size ranges, solid concentration and technological aspects such as online and offline analysis. An important finding is that many of these modern techniques need to be improved for applications at higher concentrations since the standard models become practically invalid because of the complex interaction of acoustic and optical waves with particles in suspensions of silica. 相似文献
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In many areas of particle research there is a growing requirement to measure small particles, dilute systems and poorly scattering materials. The laser based technique of photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) is used to measure nanometer sized particles, but very high count rates are required to obtain repeatable sizing measurements with small, weakly scattering particles. Traditionally this has been achieved using high powered lasers. These have the disadvantage of themselves producing changes in the sample and being costly. This paper reports on the development of a new generation avalanche photo diode (APD) which enables the measurement of small, weakly scattering particles without the need for a powerful laser. Data are presented for a variety of sample types. 相似文献
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Jin Shen Gang Zheng Guoqiang Sun Qijun Tu 《Particle & Particle Systems Characterization》2004,21(5):411-414
Dynamic light scattering signals from particles, exhibit fractal characteristics. This feature can be used to determine the particle size. The use of the fractal dimension, as a quantitative method to analyze the properties of dynamic light scattering signals from submicron particles, is presented. The analysis is performed directly on the time‐resolved scattered intensity, and the Box Dimensions of light scattering signals of particles with diameters 100, 200, 500 and 1000 nm. The experimental results show that the fractal dimensions of light scattering signals correlate well with particle size. In the submicron size range, the smaller the particles, the larger their fractal dimensions. Compared with the PCS technique, only several hundreds of samples are required in the fractal method. Therefore, the data processing is easily accomplished. However, this method only provides the mean particle size, but not the particle size distribution. 相似文献
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宽分布和双峰分布颗粒的准确反演是动态光散射技术至今未能有效解决的难题,尤其峰值位置比小于2:1且含有大粒径颗粒(350 nm)的双峰分布.造成这一难题的主要原因包括:1)单角度测量数据的粒度信息含量不足;2)常规反演方法对测量数据的噪声抑制以及粒度信息利用缺乏针对性.对测量数据(即光强自相关函数)的研究发现,数据噪声主要分布在长延迟时段,而粒度信息集中分布在衰减延迟时段.基于此,本文提出了采用粒度信息分布为底数、调节参数为指数的权重系数对自相关函数进行加权反演的约束正则化方法.由于采用了与粒度信息分布一致的权重系数,该方法既充分利用了衰减延迟时段的粒度信息,又有效地抑制了长延迟时段的数据噪声.不同噪声水平下,宽分布和双峰分布颗粒体系的反演结果表明,与常规反演方法相比,这一方法可以获得更为准确的宽分布和近双峰分布的反演结果. 相似文献
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Yuko Yamaura Takao Odake Akifumi Suzuki Mamiko Fujii Kiyoshi Nakayama 《Optical Review》2003,10(5):411-414
To understand the optical properties of living tissue in the NIR range, it appeared informative to investigate the scattering properties of high concentration particle suspension. We measured the angular light scattering of aqueous suspension of 3.5 μmφ polystyrene particles contained in a 60 μm thick cuvette up to 50% volume concentration at 805 nm wavelength using a goniophotometer. We found that the discrepancy between the measurement and the Monte Carlo simulation becomes larger with increased concentration, which is attributable to the phase function change as well as the scattering coefficient change. 相似文献