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1.
在开发探测器灵敏度极限实现单光子探测时,暗计数是影响探测效率的主要原因.本文分析了在红外波段采用InGaAs/InP雪崩光电二极管工作于雪崩击穿电压之上(盖革模式),进行单光子探测时暗计数的三个主要来源,指出隧穿效应对暗计数的贡献是很小的,并且针对热噪声和后脉冲分析了减小暗计数的有效方法.  相似文献   

2.
开发了一种基于双模式探测的大动态范围激光测距方法.使用基于硅雪崩光电二极管(APD)的单个探测器在线性模式与盖革模式之间切换,实现了平均光子数为1~105的大动态强度范围光信号探测.在此基础上,进行了30m的室内线性探测模式测距和500m的室外盖革探测模式测距实验,利用时间相关单光子计数设备记录的信号详细分析了两种模式测距的时间特性,证明了这种方法可以根据探测距离和背景环境进行探测模式切换,从而实现大动态范围激光测距.并且进一步分析了APD偏置电压的调节对测距系统测量精度以及探测背景噪声的影响.  相似文献   

3.
单光子探测系统可以对单个光子进行探测;探测系统含有探测部分、淬灭电路部分和计数部分;探测部分主要由工作在盖革模式下的雪崩光电二极管组成;在盖革模式下的雪崩光电二极管发生雪崩后不能自然停止,淬灭部分主要为了主动抑制雪崩电流,快速降低雪崩电压,以达到提高探测效率,降低错误计数的目的;APD线列产生多个光子脉冲信号,计数部分的主要功能是对多路光子脉冲信号进行计数、显示并且可以控制每路APD的比较电压,保证每路APD淬灭电路的正常工作。  相似文献   

4.
雪崩光电二极管单光子探测器是一种具有超高灵敏度的光电探测器件,在远距离激光测距、激光成像和量子通信等领域有非常重要的应用.然而,由于雪崩光电二极管单光子探测器的雪崩点对工作温度高度敏感,因此在外场环境下工作时容易出现增益波动,继而导致单光子探测器输出信号的延时发生漂移,严重降低了探测器的时间稳定性.本文发展了一种稳定输出延时的方法,采用嵌入式系统控制雪崩光电二极管,使其处于恒定温度,并实时补偿由环境温度引起的延时漂移,实现了雪崩光电二极管单光子探测器的高时间稳定性探测.实验中,环境温度从16 ℃变化到36 ℃,雪崩光电二极管的工作温度稳定在15 ℃,经过延时补偿,雪崩光电二极管单光子探测器输出延时漂移小于±1 ps,时间稳定度达到0.15 ps@100 s.这项工作有望为全天候野外条件和空间极端条件下的高精度单光子探测应用提供有效的解决方法.  相似文献   

5.
单光子雪崩二极管是一种采用盖革模式的单光子探测器件。一旦触发后探测器需要一段时间来重启,重启之后才能进行下一个光子事件的探测。重启所用时间(也叫死时间)的大小会影响探测器的光子计数分布。对单光子雪崩二极管的工作方式进行了数学建模,研究死时间对探测器输出响应的影响,推导出了在入射光子数服从泊松分布情况下探测器光子计数值的概率分布函数,并采用蒙特卡洛仿真进行了验证。结果表明死时间会使探测器输出的光子计数值减小,其分布会更加集中,并且死时间越大,入射光子速率越高,这种效应就越明显。  相似文献   

6.
利用无源抑制技术,研究了盖革模式下雪崩光电二极管(APD)的电流一电压特性。发现光电流和暗电流的一个显著区别是暗电流不反映贯穿特性,这是光生栽流子和热载流子有不同统计分布的实验证据,也说明在盖革模式下,暗计数增加比光子探测效率增加更快的原因是由于载流子收集效率不同引起的。根据其贯穿特性适当选择盖革模式下APD的反偏压可提高单光子探测器的信噪比。  相似文献   

7.
目前单光子雪崩光电二极管的标定系统主要是通过分立的通用测试仪器搭建而成。由于单光子雪崩光电二极管的工作模式存在多样化的特点,因此使用该方法搭建的标定系统具有缺乏兼容性、复杂度高、集成化程度低等不足。针对这些问题,本文发展了一种基于现场可编程门阵列的,可以兼容各种雪崩抑制模式的,高度集成化的多种材料体系器件兼容的单光子雪崩光电二极管标定系统。该系统使用现场可编程门阵列替代函数发生器、脉冲产生器和计数器等仪器设备,并利用现场可编程门阵列实现不同雪崩抑制模式下雪崩光电二极管的驱动电路和标定光源的智能切换,从而大幅提高了系统的兼容性和集成化程度,也进一步降低了系统的复杂度、提高了系统的稳定度。文中,我们利用该系统对工作在主动抑制模式的硅雪崩光电二极管和门控盖革模式的铟镓砷/铟磷雪崩光电二极管进行了标定实验。标定结果显示所标定的硅雪崩光电二极管的最大探测效率为49.82%,对应暗计数为1.41kHz;铟镓砷/铟磷雪崩光电二极管的最大探测效率为7.14%,对应暗计数为831 Hz,在探测效率为5%时,后脉冲的概率为5.84%。实验结果表明,我们为单光子雪崩光电二极管标定提供了一种便捷的一体化解决方案,提高了单光子雪崩光电二极管的标定效率和标定系统的实用化程度。  相似文献   

8.
通过采用无源抑制方法对雪崩光电二极管的弱光探测技术进行了研究,分析了工作在盖革模式下的InGaAs APD的特性。利用APD两端的偏置电压VB在其雪崩后趋于稳定的特性,确定了其雪崩暗击穿电压,并且在水冷温控系统中,测得了APD雪崩暗击穿电压与温度的关系。结果表明,APD的雪崩暗击穿电压随着温度的上升而增大,光子群(弱光)到达时,APD探测到的在某一幅值处的脉冲数明显增加,其脉冲幅度也将增大。  相似文献   

9.
针对采用盖革模式雪崩光电二极管(Gm-APD)作为探测器的成像激光雷达,介绍了其测距原理及3D成像原理,并对如何提高其探测性能的方法进行了分析。以分析Gm-APD触发信号的统计特性为基础,对出现在距离门内不同位置目标的探测概率和虚警概率进行了研究与仿真,结果表明,目标处在距离门最前面时,探测概率受噪声水平影响最小,虚警概率受信号强度影响最大;目标靠近距离门中间位置时,探测概率随噪声水平增大下降缓慢,虚警概率随信号强度增大下降缓慢;目标处在距离门末尾时探测概率受噪声水平影响最大,而虚警概率几乎与回波信号强度无关。  相似文献   

10.
单光子探测器APD无源抑制特性研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
吕华  彭孝东 《应用光学》2006,27(4):355-358
为了选择高性能单光子探测器件,采用无源抑制方法对工作在盖革模式下的雪崩光电二极管(APD: avalanche photodiode)特性进行了测量。利用APD两端的电压在雪崩后趋于稳定的特性,获得了一种确定暗击穿电压的方法。特性测量实验结果表明:降低温度能加宽APD的最佳工作区域范围,并提高最佳增益值,从而使APD具有更高的灵敏度。通过对EG&;G系列APD和外延APD暗电流和信噪比特性进行比较,发现外延 APD具有良好的噪声性能和信噪比性能,适用于单光子探测。  相似文献   

11.
Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.  相似文献   

12.
A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.  相似文献   

13.
A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.  相似文献   

14.
The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.  相似文献   

15.
Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·104 Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.  相似文献   

16.
17.
A multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) can offer a possibility of widening field of view (FOV) characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle's expressions of two deformable mirrors (DMs) MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.  相似文献   

18.
Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.  相似文献   

19.
A transient suppression method for piezoelectric ceramic transducer is presented. By adding some special pedestal pulses to the original transmitted signal, the transient effects in the output of the transducer can be just precisely transmission by use of a narrowband transducer. canceled, thereby achieving the broadband The experimental results show that the transient responses of the sinusoid pulses and coded signals are suppressed successfully and the acoustic waveforms radiated into the surrounding water are improved significantly.  相似文献   

20.
We experimentally demonstrate amplitude squeezed soliton utilizing intensity-dependent self-phase modulation in an asymmetric Sagnac interferometer.The system.whose components are connected via ferrule connector/physical connection(FC/PC)fiber connectors,constitutes all-fiber configuration to generate squeezed soliton.Soliton amplitude reduction measured by homodyne detection is near 4.0 dB below the shot-noise level.Optimal squeezing fields in both simple and compact all-fiber configuration are obtained.  相似文献   

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