细胞松弛素B阻断微核法鉴定男性个体辐射敏感性的方法初探

初步研究了男性个体辐射敏感性的鉴定方法及标准。采集50名男性志愿者的外周血，分别给予不同剂量X射线照射，采用细胞松弛素B阻断双核法测定微核率(MNF)，通过二阶多项拟合法，绘制微核剂量效应选项中心标准曲线，将个人微核剂量效应曲线与标准曲线比对后判断个体辐射敏感性。 $0.0\sim2.5 $ Gy剂量范围内，剂量效应二阶多项拟合的中心方程为(MNF=0.014 7+0.036 2D+0.023 1D 2， r=0.726)。50名志愿者中，辐射敏感的有13人，辐射抗性的有14人，基本符合正态分布。Spearman秩和相关分析结果显示，MNF在各个辐射剂量点与辐射敏感性均存在正相关,与辐射抗性呈负相关,MNF随剂量增加而增加。本研究初步建立了“以线代点”男性个体辐射敏感性鉴定方法,并发现男性外周血淋巴细胞的本底微核率与个体辐射敏感性呈正相关。     

富稀土元素合金中镧,铈,镨,钕,钐测定方法的研究

本文用美国Jarrell-Ash 9000型多道光量计,采用无基体匹配法对富稀土元素合金中镧、铈、镨、钕、钐进行了测定分析。对稀土元素较复杂的光谱干扰运用元素间干扰系数和自身干扰系数校正法进行校正。对其非光谱干扰采取加入内参比进行补偿。通过人工合成样分析和实际富稀土元素合金样品加标准回收实验,表明干扰系数内参比法是一种有前途的无基体匹配的定量分析法。     

微波溶样的机理,设备和应用

本文简要阐述了微波溶样的机理,介绍了MDS-81D型微波炉的性能特点,对微波溶样的应用作了概述。     

超声变幅杆设计用表的计算机编制(Ⅱ)

本文用类似第(Ⅰ)部分的方法,编制了含指数型、圆锥型、悬链线型过渡段的阶梯型复合变幅杆的设计用表.表列了公式和方程的变换结果、概述了表格数据所反映的各种复合杆尺寸及性能参数的变化趋势,最后对设计用表举了应用例.     

M,W,X型六角钡铁氧体Mssbauer谱研究

测量了M型,W型和X型六角钡铁氧体的Mossbauer谱,采用多组六线洛伦兹的叠加谱与实验谱逐步逼近的方法解出了M型和W型材料的Mossbauer谱参量。从结晶学构造出发,X型可以视为M型和W型的叠加,由此解得了十一组六线次谱,并对实验数据取得较好的拟合。     

F,Na共掺杂p型ZnO的第一性原理研究

本文基于密度泛函理论(DFT),用第一性原理的方法,计算了ZnO在掺杂F和Na情况下的电子态密度、有效质量和形成能,研究分析了掺杂对ZnO的影响,结果表明:单掺F或Na并不能得到p型ZnO;而将F和Na共掺,能够使ZnO表现出p型导电的倾向.尤其当F和Na按1:2的原子比例共掺时,能够获得p型ZnO,这可以为实验上制备p型ZnO提供参考依据.     

(n,n)-(2n, 0)碳纳米管异质结的扭转力学特性

相近直径的锯齿型和扶手椅型碳纳米管可以共轴组合形成5-7碳环交替出现的柱形对称异质结. 本文利用分子动力学方法研究了直径相近且等长锯齿型和扶手椅型碳纳米管形成的(n, n)-(2n, 0)结在扭转过程中的扭矩和轴向应力随扭转角度的变化规律以及应力传递过程. 研究发现, (n, n)-(2n, 0)结扭转应变在达弹性限度内不会产生轴向应力, 该效应对基于碳纳米管扭转特性的纳米振荡器件的设计具有重要意义.     

M,W,X型六角钡铁氧体M?ssbauer谱研究

测量了M型,W型和X型六角钡铁氧体的M?ssbauer谱,采用多组六线洛伦兹的叠加谱与实验谱逐步逼近的方法解出了M型和W型材料的M?ssbauer谱参量。从结晶学构造出发,X型可以视为M型和W型的叠加,由此解得了十一组六线次谱,并对实验数据取得较好的拟合。 关键词：     

火焰原子吸收光谱法直接测定红细胞中Cu,Zn,Fe的含量

本文采用沈阳分析仪器厂产４０２型原子吸收分光光度计，在标准溶液中加入ＮａＣｌ溶液作为基体改进剂，用火焰原子吸收光谱法直接测定红细胞中Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ的含量，不仅消除基体干扰，而且提高了测定Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ的灵敏度，Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ的平均回收率为１０１％、１０３％及９９％；相对标准偏差分别为４．６％、２．２％及９．６％。     

晶体电光和非线性光学效应的离子基团理论(Ⅲ) 利用畸变氧八面体的离子基团模型计算LiNbO_3,LiTaO_3,KNbO_3,BNN晶体的电光和倍频系数

本文用文献[1]中所提出的(MO_6)离子基团模型,计算LiNbO_3,LiTaO_3,KNbO_3,BNN等晶体的电光和倍频系数。假设在O_h对称时,这些晶体中的氧八面体具有相同的能级和对称波函数,则通过群表示理论就可得到在C_(3ν),(C_2υ)对称性时氧八面体的能级和对称波函数,并进而用ABDP理论计算它们的电光和倍频系数。计算结果和实验符合得相当好。本文并从理论上解释了这些晶体的倍频系数大小、符号和氧八面体畸变间的关系,由此可以得到以下两个结论:(1)畸变氧八面体的离子基团模型不但适用于钙钛矿型材料,同时也适用于钨青铜型、LiNbO_3型材料。(2)在钨青铜型、LiNbO_3型的材料中,仍是“离子键”对电光和倍频效应作出主要贡献,同时由于LiTaO_3的共价键成份比LiNbO_3大,因而LiTaO_3的非线性光学效应比LiNbO_3小。     

碱溶法,原子吸收光谱直接测定人发、指甲的微量元素

本文探讨 2mol·L-1 NaOH溶液溶解人发、指甲 ,并在氘灯扣除背景下用火焰原子吸收法和石墨炉原子吸收法测定其中的Ca ,Zn ,Fe,Mn ,Ni,Cd ,Cu ,Pb ,Bi等元素 ,结果显示 ,所测元素含量与文献值基本相符 ,回收率除Bi偏低外 ,其它元素均在 90 0 %～ 110 8%内。并且发现人体的头发与指甲中所含元素含量没有对应关系 ,头发中所含元素含量高的 ,指甲中所含元素含量不一定高 ;头发中所含元素含量低的 ,指甲中所含元素含量不一定低     

The role of iron and zinc in chemotherapy-induced alopecia

Chemotherapy-induced alopecia is a common and distressing side effect in children with cancer. Iron and zinc are the well known trace elements which are associated with hair shedding. In this study, we investigated the hair content of iron and zinc in children with cancer consists of two groups: group A, newly diagnosed patients; group B, the patients received a course of chemotherapy. We compared the results between each others and healthy controls. Hair content of iron and zinc was not different between the patient groups. Iron concentrations of patient samples, either at diagnosis or after chemotherapy, were significantly lower than healthy controls. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the zinc values. In conclusion, hair content of iron and zinc do not have a role in chemotherapy-induced alopecia.     

Variations in the Concentrations of Cu and Zn and in the Ratio of Cu to Zn in Whole Blood and Hair Samples from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients and from Healthy Controls in Taiwan

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine concentrations of copper and zinc and the ratio of Cu to Zn in samples of whole blood and hair from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients (n=51) and from healthy controls (n=50) in Taiwan. Our results indicate that the HCC patients have higher copper concentrations and higher ratios of Cu to Zn than do the healthy controls both in whole blood and hair samples, but only the concentration of copper and the ratio of Cu to Zn in whole blood were significantly different (p<0.001 and p<0.05). Conversely, a lower concentration of zinc was found in whole blood and hair samples of HCC patients. Similarly, only the concentration of zinc in whole blood showed a significant difference (p<0.001). We concluded that the whole blood concentrations of copper and zinc and the ratio of Cu to Zn seemed to have a higher correlation with HCC. Thus, we suggest that a sample of whole blood may be a more suitable diagnostic sample than is a hair sample for HCC.     

5种抗肝癌中草药中锌、铜、锰、铁和镁的含量分析

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了半边莲、半枝莲、山豆根、苦参和葛根5种抗肝癌中草药中Zn、Cu、Mn、Fe和Mg的含量。结果表明,各元素在所选的中草药中含量丰富。5种中草药中,半枝莲的Zn和Mn含量最高,半边莲的Cu和Fe含量最高,山豆根中Zn/Cu比值最高,而Mg的含量则均很高。该结果可为研究中草药的抗肝癌作用机理提供一定的信息。     

火焰原子吸收法测定吉林地区63种食物中锌铜铁的含量

用火焰原子吸收法对吉林地区６３种食物中锌、铜、铁的含量进行了测定。结果表明，肝、瘦肉及蛋黄中上述元素含量较多，植物性食物次之，而水果类含量甚微。在各种食物中这三种元素的含量呈正相关，加工精制的面粉会使其含量下降。     

Analysis of Heavy Metals in Scalp Hair Samples of Hypertensive Patients by Conventional and Microwave Digestion Methods

The abnormal metabolism of metal ions plays an important role in health and disease conditions, and studies about them have been attracting significant interest. The aim of our study was to assess the heavy metals (cadmium, copper, iron, nickel, chromium, lead, and zinc) in scalp hair samples of 200 hypertensive (HT) patients of an urban population together with 215 non‐hypertensive male subjects in the age group of 30–60 years. Hair samples were digested with conventional wet ashing and microwave digestion. Analyses of both digests were done by flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The validity of methodology was checked by use of the certified reference material (CRM 397) hair, provided the Community Bureau of Reference, Commission of the European Communities. According to a statistical evaluation of the results, the microwave digestion method was a valid alternative to the conventional acid digestion method, p value >0.05, but it gave a faster digestion. The overall metal recoveries were 96–98% of those obtained with microwave digestion. Among the toxic elements determined, levels of nickel, cadmium, copper, chromium, and lead in scalp hair samples of hypertensive patients were significantly higher compared normal male subjects, whereas the essential elements such as iron and zinc were found to be low compared age‐matched non‐hypertensive subjects.     

荆芥中微量元素的初级形态分析

对荆芥中微量元素铁、铜、锰、锌的初级形态进行了研究,采用火焰原子吸收光谱法（FAAS）测定了各微量元素的含量。结果表明,以HNO3和H2O2混合液作为消解剂能彻底消解样品。各元素在水提液中的含量均低于原药材中的含量,微量元素铁、铜、锰、锌的提取率分别为：19.7%,20.5%,38.6%和34.5%,大部分微量元素仍残留在残渣中。     

非完全消解-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定虾皮中的铁、铜、锌和锰

用非完全消解法处理虾皮样品,即在低温下用浓硝酸-过氧化氢(3+1)混合酸消解样品,再用乳化剂OP溶解未消解的油脂而配制成无色透明的溶液,将此溶液用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定其中铁、铜、锌和锰元素的含量。建立了快速测定虾皮中微量元素的火焰原子吸收光谱法。对样品处理条件、混合酸中杂质及共存OP的干扰进行了实验,铁、铜、锌和锰的检出限(3S/k)分别为0.021、0.047、0.008、0.026m g.L-1。该法测定虾皮中铁、铜、锌和锰的含量,所得结果与灰化法测定结果一致。     

微波消解-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定2种不同来源重楼药材中的金属元素含量

采用微波消解-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定滇重楼和华重楼中Ca、Mg、K、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn等7种金属元素的含量。结果表明,2种药材中金属元素的含量存在差异,其中滇重楼中宏量元素Ca、K、Mg,以及微量元素Cu的含量高于华重楼;而华重楼中微量元素Fe、Zn、Mn的含量高于滇重楼。实验的相关系数r≥0.9898,测定值的RSD在0.38%—1.70%之间,方法稳定可靠,其结果为进一步开发利用重楼药材资源提供了依据。