CuBr脉冲激光动力学模型及其研究

本文通过实验观测CuBr激光等离子体中铜的自发辐射光谱,建立了五能级CuBr脉冲激光动力学模型。应用电子温度和电子密度实验值,通过计算机数值计算得到的激光脉冲波形、峰值时刻、功率等都与实验值基本相符。结果还表明:当输入功率密度不变时,通过改变缓冲气体热扩散步长,可明显改变气体温度或初始铜原子密度,从而改变激光功率。 关键词：     

隔环结构的Ne H2 CuBr激光放电管气体温度径向分布

针对溴化亚铜激光器中放电管径向温度不均匀现象，在工程设计中同时采用隔环结构放电管设计方案和溴化亚铜激光放电管充氢方案。对隔环结构及隔环结构同时充氢的CuBr激光放电管温度场进行了分析。利用简化的热流耗散泊松方程，给出了激光放电管内温度场分布的数学模型，获得了激光放电管气体温度场径向分布的解析表达式，明确了温度分布与输入电功率及缓冲气体热传导系数之间的关系，得到了与实验一致的结果，为该类激光器的实用化提供了理论分析依据。     

约束冷原子气体的高增益Raman散射光谱

本文研究了不同外部环境中原子气体在强激光抽运下的相干Raman散射光谱, 通过对固定无反弹原子气体(不考虑外部自由度)和自由原子气体增益光谱的理论计算, 得到了和Mollow实验结果基本一致的光谱曲线.通过与Mollow谱线结构的比较, 揭示了在微阱约束情况下原子气体存在不同于以上两种环境的高增益光谱, 该谱线直接反应了约束阱的性质, 谱线呈等间距梳状结构, 谱线尖锐分辨率高, 和传统的冷原子气体散射增益光谱的实验结果相比较有更大量级的光增益现象. 论文还分析了散射谱线增益的物理机理, 清晰地给出了约束情况下原子增益谱线的非线性Raman共振条件.     

紫铜等离子体特征谱线及其展宽形成机制

利用波长为1064 nm,最大能量为500 mJ的 Nd:YAG脉冲激光器对紫铜进行冲击,并且改变激光能量,获得一系列等离子体特征谱线,结果表明:本实验条件下,获得铜原子谱线不完整,只有5条明显激发谱线,分别为:CuⅠ 406.33 nm, CuⅠ 458.69 nm, CuⅠ 521.8 nm, CuⅠ 529.25 nm, CuⅠ 578.2 nm。根据跃迁原理,得出激光不能使铜原子完全受到激发;选取CuⅠ 521.8 nm原子光谱与CuⅠ 578.2 nm的原子光谱谱线线型作为分析对象,发现其展宽线型不同,分别为Lorenz线型与Gauss线型。通过对应线型曲线方程分析得出,同一原子光谱不同波段对应形成光谱展宽机制不同。     

空气中激光清洗过程的等离子体光谱分析

在空气环境下,激光诱导等离子体光谱用于激光清洗状态的在线分析快速而准确。该文利用中阶梯光栅光谱仪探测脉冲激光器作用于干净及表面污染的铜币样品产生的等离子体光谱谱线,这些谱线中不但包含了清晰的铜原子发射谱线,还包含空气中氧气和氮气与激光作用产生分解效应的原子谱线。为了消除单次测量的不确定性,分析了多次测量的分布恒定的氧原子和氮原子谱线的统计规律,表明强度分布规律一致,且相对标准差基本相同,可以采用单次测量的光谱图变化表示清洗过程中状态。表面污染的铜币光谱图中包含多元素原子谱线和连续谱线,清洗干净铜币的光谱图连续谱线消失且只有铜元素谱线,观察谱线变化就可以表明样品是否被清洗干净。     

激光诱导Al等离子体发射光谱特性的实验研究

本文从实验上研究了不同缓冲气体(He,Ar,N2和Air)中激光Al等离子体的时间分辨发射光谱,研究了原子发射谱线的强度和Stark展宽随延时、缓冲气体性质和压力变化的规律.结果表明原子谱线的强度在3μs左右达到最大值,随着延时的增加,谱线的Stark展宽减小,而缓冲气体压力的增大导致谱线的Stark展宽增大,在实验测定的四种缓冲气体中,Ar气体中谱线的Stark展宽最大.     

气体压强对纳秒激光诱导空气等离子体特性的影响

环境气体的压强对激光诱导等离子体特性有重要影响.基于发射光谱法开展了气体压强对纳秒激光诱导空气等离子体特性影响的研究,探讨了气体压强对空气等离子体发射光谱强度、电子温度和电子密度的影响.实验结果表明,在10-100 kPa空气压强条件下,空气等离子体发射光谱中的线状光谱和连续光谱依赖于气体压强变化,且原子谱线和离子谱线强度随气体压强的变化有明显差别.随着空气压强增大,激光击穿作用区域的空气密度增加,造成激光诱导击穿空气几率升高,从而等离子体辐射光谱强度增大.空气等离子体膨胀区域空气的约束作用,增加了等离子体内粒子间的碰撞几率以及能量交换几率,并且使离子-电子-原子的三体复合几率增加,因此造成原子谱线OⅠ777.2 nm与NⅠ821.6 nm谱线强度随着气体压强增大而增大,在80 kPa时谱线强度最高,随后谱线强度缓慢降低.而离子谱线N Ⅱ 500.5 nm谱线强度在40 kPa时达到最大值,气体压强大于40 kPa后,谱线强度随压强增加而逐渐降低.空气等离子体电子密度均随压强升高而增大,在80 kPa后增长速度变缓.等离子体电子温度在30 kPa时达到最大值,气体压强大于30 kPa后,等离子体电子温度逐渐降低.研究结果可为不同海拔高度的激光诱导空气等离子体特性的研究提供重要实验基础,为今后激光大气传输、大气组成分析提供重要的技术支持.     

磁约束飞秒激光诱导铜等离子体特性研究

建立磁约束飞秒激光诱导铜等离子体辐射光谱采集系统,通过发射光谱法分析磁约束效应对飞秒激光诱导铜等离子体特性的影响.在强度为0.67T的稳磁场约束下,等离子体辐射连续谱和分立谱均有增强,分立谱线增强更显著;铜原子上能级越高,其辐射的原子谱线增强因子越大,具有最高上能级的Cu I 507.6nm增强因子最大,为2.8;等离子体铜原子谱线持续时间明显延长,在等离子体演化初期,谱线增强显著,在较大延时,谱线增强迅速减弱;等离子体电子温度和电子密度均有提高.     

铷光谱灯光谱自吸收现象研究

由自吸收导致的铷光谱灯超精细光谱轮廓变形,对铷原子频标的频率稳定度有不利影响.用F-P干涉仪测量了三种常用铷光谱灯的超精细光谱轮廓,研究了启辉气体种类、压力、谱灯工作温度和激励功率对自吸收的影响.结果表明,充Ar和充Kr谱灯自吸收效应比较显著,充Xe谱灯自吸收不明显;适当增大气体压力、降低灯泡工作温度、增大射频激励功率,可以减小光谱灯的自吸收效应.     

缓冲气体对激光等离子体光谱特性影响的实验研究

准分子激光(波长:308 nm,脉宽:10 ns)诱导Al等离子体.详细研究了缓冲气体对激光等离子体光谱特性的影响,测量了不同延时下激光诱导Al等离子体的电子温度和不同缓冲气压下光谱线的Stark展宽并由此计算了等离子体的电子密度,最后根据电子碰撞激发理论对实验结果进行了讨论.     

Analysis of the spectral structure of CuBr laser lines

The spectral structure of spontaneous emission of copper atom at 510.6 nm and 578.2 nm was calculated considering the hyperfine structure of energy levels and the isotope shift. The spectral structure of the 510.6 nm and 578.2 nm laser lines was measured in a sealed-off CuBr laser tube with periodic refreshment of the neon buffer gas under different work temperature and excited voltage. The spectral structure of the spontaneous emission of copper atom was found to have similar outline with its laser lines. The spectrum of the 510.6 nm laser line maintains similar outline with three peaks at various discharging parameters while the spectrum of the 578.2 nm laser line is strongly dependent on the reservoir temperature and the discharge voltage.     

Multiple spectral structure of the 578.2 nm copper laser line

The multiple spectral structure of the 578.2 nm copper laser line of a CuBr laser is investigated. By considering the special hyperfine transitions of the⁶³Cu atom, the discharge disturbance and the competition of transitions, an explanation of the multiple line structure is given     

A picosecond CuBr laser

A novel method for the pulse shortening of the 578 nm spectral line from a CuBr laser is proposed in this paper. By amplifying a seeded picosecond dye laser through the active medium of a CuBr laser, nearly Fourier-transform-limited picosecond pulses of the CuBr laser have been obtained and the output characteristics are also investigated in detail.     

Spectral structure of CuBr vapor laser lines

The atomic density, the buffer gas pressure, and the voltage dependence of the 510.6 nm laser line shape and its temporal evolution emitted from a Cu/CuBr vapor laser are measured. It is found that the monochromaticity of these laser lines can be improved greatly at a relative high buffer gas pressure. The temporal evolution of the line shape offers a stereoscopic view of a laser pulse. The sequence of appearance of the peaks of the line shape is governed by the intensity of the hyperfine component of the copper line.     

Laser capabilities of CuBr mixture excited by RF discharge

Our investigations demonstrated that utilizing copper bromide (CuBr) mixture as a source of Cu atoms in a RF-excited discharge can be a promising alternative to the Cu sputtered system, when the development of Cu ion gas laser is considered. Both spectroscopic and laser investigations showed that the threshold input power for lasing was reduced about 5 times using the CuBr-based system instead of the Cu-sputtered system. Pulsed and CW laser oscillation on Cu⁺ transitions in the near IR spectral region was obtained in RF-excited He-CuBr discharge operated at 13.56 MHz and 27.12 MHz. At input RF power of 800 W, a laser output power of 10 mW at the 780.8 nm Cu ion laser line was achieved. An increase of laser output power by a factor of two, as well as better Cu vapour axial distribution and better discharge stability, was attained when DC discharge was superimposed on the RF discharge. Laser gain on 11 UV Cu ion lines was observed in RF-excited Ne-CuBr discharge. basing on the obtained results, we consider the CuBr laser system excited by RF discharge capable of generating UV laser radiation at relatively low input power. Received 4 January 1999     

Spectral structure of 510.6 and 578.2 nm lines in?a?CuBr?vapor?laser

Considering the hyperfine structure and the isotopic splitting of copper active atomic levels, the temporal behavior of the spectral structure of amplified spontaneous emission at 510.6 nm line was calculated. The spectral line shapes of 510.6 and 578.2 nm laser lines were measured and compared with the calculated results at different experimental configurations, i.e., without cavity mirrors, with the back mirror, and with cavity mirrors. The results of the 578.2 nm line revealed that the mode competition was involved in the formation of laser oscillation.     

A practical CuBr laser with flowing buffer gas

Experiments on the lifetime of a CuBr laser with flowing neon as a buffer gas are reported. The CuBr laser with a discharge tube of inner diameter 18 mm, electrode separation 465 mm at an average output power of 3 W, an efficiency of 0.4% for a lifetime of 734 h is obtained. In consideration of the flow of the buffer gas and combined structure of the discharge tube we have achieved prolongation of the laser lifetime.     

Structure of 510.6 and 578.2 nm copper laser lines

The structure of the 510.6 and 578.2 nm copper laser lines were calculated and measured as a function of cooper density and buffer gas pressure. The line shapes were consistent with the calculations only near the oscillation threshold. The buffer gas pressure data indicate that the pressure broadening coefficient is very small for our experimental conditions.     

Stimulated Raman scattering of copper vapour laser radiation in optical fibres

Wideband frequency conversion of copper vapour laser radiation has been achieved by stimulated Raman scattering in multimode silica fibres. Up to nine Stokes' orders have been generated in the 511 to 649 nm spectral region with a conversion efficiency greater than 90% of the fibre output. Four-wave mixing processes involving laser and Stokes' lines have also been observed.