铝原子激发态近阈限光电离截面测量

本文利用激光烧蚀、激光泵浦-探测、共振增强多光子电离和飞行时间质谱相结合的实验技术,根据离子产额和电离激光能量的关系,获取铝原子激发态的光电离截面;并研究了光电离截面与电离富余能的依赖关系.电离富余能0-2.98 e V内光电离截面值范围为15.6±1.7 Mb-2.3±0.9 Mb,激发态的寿命为17.6±1.8,16.9±1.7 ns.在光电离截面的测量中,总的均方根误差上限约为17%.     

铝原子激发态近阈限光电离截面测量

本文利用激光烧蚀、激光泵浦-探测、共振增强多光子电离和飞行时间质谱相结合的实验技术,根据离子产额和电离激光能量的关系,获取铝原子激发态的光电离截面;并研究了光电离截面与电离富余能的依赖关系.电离富余能0-2.98 eV内光电离截面值范围为15.6±1.7 Mb-2.3±0.9 Mb,激发态的寿命为17.6±1.8,16.9±1.7ns.在光电离截面的测量中,总的均方根误差上限约为17%.     

钴、钛原子激发态光电离研究

本文报道紫外区钛和钴原子共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)谱和激发态绝对光电离截面。实验上通过激光烧蚀金属样品制备中性原子,由飞行时间质谱仪检测离子产物,在298-351nm范围扫描激光波长,得到钛原子和钴原子共振增强多光子电离谱;并根据共振离子信号强度与电离激光通量关系得到原子激发态的绝对光电离截面,这些激发态电离截面的实验值在0.5-4 Mb。     

钴、钛原子激发态光电离研究

本文报道紫外区钛和钴原子共振增强多光子电离(REMPI)谱和激发态绝对光电离截面。实验上通过激光烧蚀金属样品制备中性原子,由飞行时间质谱仪检测离子产物,在298-351nm范围扫描激光波长,得到钛原子和钴原子共振增强多光子电离谱;并根据共振离子信号强度与电离激光通量关系得到原子激发态的绝对光电离截面,这些激发态电离截面的实验值在0.5-4 Mb。     

Sm原子的偶宇称高激发态的光谱研究

采用双色三步激发和光电离过程,对Sm原子的偶宇称高激发态的光谱进行了研究.先采用两条激发路线分别将Sm原子两步共振激发至待测的高激发态,然后利用光电离技术对其进行探测.分别将第一束激光的波长固定在627.50nm和624.41nm上,以便将Sm原子从亚稳态共振激发到由4f⁶6s6p电子组态所构成的两个原子状态上.第二束激光在440-700nm的波段范围内扫描,不仅使Sm原子在30040-38065cm^-1能域内的偶宇称高激发态上布居,将其进一步光电离,测量了其光谱.通过光谱定标和选择定则等分析手段,本工作不仅精确获得了136个态的能级位置,而且也唯一确定了其总角动量,并且给出了相关跃迁的相对谱线强度.     

原子体系近核区电子波函数振幅(Ⅰ)——离化态原子高能光电离过程

本文具体地阐述近核区波函数和高能光电离截面的关系。根据相对论自洽场理论,计算各种离化态铁原子和铀原子的近核区波函数和光电离截面。计算结果表明:光电离截面比值函数随着光子能量的增加规则平缓变化,在光子能量约大于10¹keV以后,其和相应的近核区波函数振幅平方比的精度在千分之几的范围内。     

精确研究光电离散射截面的新方法

利用单个原子精确的光电离散射截面和物质的复介电常数,并考虑一定的分子力学模型,可以对凝聚态物质中的原子光电离截面进行定量研究.孙卫国等最近提出了一套研究真实体系中原子光电离截面的新方法.本文首次应用它们来研究碱土金属钠在不同密度状态下的光电离截面,结果表明新的光电离截面公式比著名的孤立原子光电离截面公式更具有优越性.     

锂原子光电离过程中的弛豫效应

利用基于多组态Dirac-Fock方法的程序包GRASP92和RATIP以及在此基础上最新发展的RERR06程序,计算了锂原子1s²nl(n=2,3; l=s, p) 的内壳层和外壳层的光电离截面. 计算中详细考虑了光电离过程中的弛豫效应. 结果表明：在锂原子内壳层电子的光电离过程中弛豫效应较强,而在外壳层电子的光电离过程中弛豫效应较弱. 另外,相应于不同态的内壳层光电离过程,其弛豫效应的影响也不同,对激发态的影响比对基态的影响大,对高激发态 关键词： 多组态Dirac-Fock方法 光电离截面 弛豫效应     

用共振激发延迟电离方法测定原子激发态的光电离截面

用两束脉冲激光,一束使原子共振激发,另一束使激发态原子电离,当电离光脉冲能量约达1J/cm~2时,可使电离饱和.测量被电离原子数的相对大小与电离光脉冲能量之间的函数关系,可以方便地得出原子激发态的光电离截面.延迟电离光至激发光脉冲结束后到达作用区,可以修正激发光对电离的贡献,并避免电离光引起的Stark位移对共振激发的影响.应用共振激发延迟电离方法测定了Cs原子7~2P_(3/2)态的光(λ=5320(?))电离截面,测量值σ_I=6.5×10~(-18)cm~2与Manson的计算值非常接近.     

精确研究光电离散射截面的新方法

利用单个原子精确的光电离散射截面和物质的复介电常数，并考虑一定的分子力学模型，可以对凝聚态物质中的原子光电离截面进行定量研究。孙卫国等最近提出了一套研究真实体系中原子光电离截面的新方法。本首次应用它们来研究碱土金属钠在不同密度状态下的光电离截面，结果表明新的光电离截面公式比名的孤立原子光电离截面公式更具有优越性。     

Photoionization cross section and oscillator strength distribution in the near-threshold region of strontium

We present experimentally measured absolute values of the photoionization cross sections from the 5s5p ¹P₁ and 5s5p ³P₁ excited states of strontium at the first ionization threshold as 11.4±1.8 Mb and 10.7±1.7 Mb respectively using saturated absorption technique along with a thermionic diode ion detector in conjunction with a Nd:YAG pumped dye laser system. These threshold photoionization cross sections values have been utilized to determine the oscillator strengths of the 5s5p ¹P₁↦5snd ¹D₂ and 5s5p ³P₁↦5snd ³D₂ Rydberg transitions. The oscillator strength densities in the continuum corresponding to the 5s5p ³P₁ excited state have also been determined by measuring the photoionization cross sections at five ionizing wavelengths above the first ionization threshold. Smooth merging of the discrete f-values into the oscillator strength densities has been observed for the 5s5p ³P₁↦5snd ³D₂ series across the ionization threshold.     

Photoionization cross sections and oscillator strengths of neutral cesium

The absolute photoionization cross sections from the 6p ²P_1/2 excited state of cesium at threshold and above the threshold region have been measured using the saturation absorption technique. The photoionization cross section at the ionization threshold is determined as 22.6±3.6 Mb, whereas in the region above threshold its value ranges from 22 to 20 Mb for photoelectron energies up to 0.1 eV. A comparison of the photoionization cross sections with earlier reported theoretical and experimental data have been presented and are in good agreement within the uncertainty. In addition, the oscillator strengths of the 6p ²P_1/2→n d ²D_3/2 (21≤n≤60) Rydberg transitions of cesium have been calibrated using the threshold value of the photoionization cross section. A complete picture of the oscillator strengths from the present work and previously reported data from n=5–60 is presented.     

Measurements of photoionization cross sections from the 4p, 5d and 7s excited states of potassium

New measurements of the photoionization cross sections from the 4p ²P_1/2,3/2, 5d ²D_5/2,3/2 and 7s ²S_1/2 excited states of potassium are presented. The cross sections have been measured by two-step excitation and ionization using a Nd:YAG laser in conjunction with a thermionic diode ion detector. By applying the saturation technique, the absolute values of the cross sections from the 4p ²P_3/2 and 4p ²P_1/2 states at 355 nm are determined as 7.2±1.1 and 5.6±0.8 Mb, respectively. The photoionization cross section from the 5d ²D_5/2,3/2 excited state has been measured using two excitation paths, two-step excitation and two-photon excitation from the ground state. The measured values of the cross sections from the 5d ²D_5/2 state by two-photon excitation from the ground state is 28.9±4.3 Mb, whereas in the two-step excitation, the cross section from the 5d ²D_3/2 state via the 4p ²P_1/2 state and from the 5d ²D_5/2,3/2 states via the 4p ²P_3/2 state are determined as 25.1±3.8 and 30.2±4.5 Mb, respectively. Besides, we have measured the photoionization cross sections from the 7s ²S_1/2 excited state using the two-photon excitation from the ground state as 0.61±0.09 Mb.     

Interference effects on the photoionization cross sections between two neighbouring atoms: nitrogen as an example

Interference effects on the photoionization cross sections between two neighbouring atoms are considered based on the coherent scattering of the ionized electrons by the two nuclei when their separation is less than or comparable to the de Broglie wave length of the ionized electrons. As an example, the single atomic nitrogen ionization cross section and the total cross sections of two nitrogen atoms with coherently added photoionization amplitudes are calculated from the threshold to about 60~\AA (1~\AA=0.1~nm) of the photon energy. The photoionization cross sections of atomic nitrogen are obtained by using the close-coupling R-matrix method. In the calculation 19 states are included. The ionization energy of the atomic nitrogen and the photoionization cross sections agree well with the experimental results. Based on the R-matrix results of atomic nitrogen, the interference effects between two neighbouring nitrogen atoms are obtained. It is shown that the interference effects are considerable when electrons are ionized just above the threshold, even for the separations between the two atoms are larger than two times of the bond length of N₂ molecules. Therefore, in hot and dense samples, effects caused by the coherent interference between the neighbours are expected to be observable for the total photoionization cross sections.     

Photoionization of the excited He atom in Debye plasmas

We present theoretical photoionization cross sections for He 1s2s ¹S and He 1s2p ¹P states in a Debye plasma environment by the complex coordinate rotation method, using a finite L² basis set constructed from one electron Laguerre orbitals. The plasma environment is found to appreciably influence the photoionization cross sections near the ionization threshold. In this regard, the photoionization cross sections of isolated He are compared with other theoretical and experimental results. Our results are in good agreement with the previous results. A new minimum appears in the photoionization cross section curve for the metastable 1s2s ¹S state. Results are given for the S- and D-wave partial photoionization for the excited 1s2p ¹P state.     

Oscillator strength measurements of the 3p ↦ nd Rydberg transitions of sodium

We report new measurements of the oscillator strengths of the 3p ²P_3/2 ↦nd ²D_{5/2, 3/2} and 3p ²P_1/2 ↦ nd ²D_3/2 Rydberg transitions of sodium using a thermionic diode ion detector in conjunction with the Nd:YAG pumped dye lasers. The ns ²S_1/2 and nd ²D_5/2,3/2 Rydberg series have been recorded via two-step excitation, from the 3p ²P_3/2 and 3p ²P_1/2 intermediate states. Employing the saturation technique, the photoionization cross sections from the 3p ²P_3/2 and 3p ²P_1/2 intermediate states at the first ionization threshold are determined as 7.9(1.3) Mb and 6.7(1.1) Mb respectively. The f-values of the Rydberg transitions are calibrated with the photoionization cross section measured at the first ionization threshold and compared with the earlier data.     

Ionization of ytterbium atoms from an excited state

The cross sections of the photoionization and the electron impact-induced ionization of Yb atoms from the excited 6s6p(³ P ₁) state are numerically calculated. Matrix elements are computed in multielectron relativistic and nonrelativistic approximations with allowance for the superposition of configurations and a relaxation effect. The radial part of the electron wavefunction in a continuous spectrum is calculated using the solutions to one-configuration Hartree-Fock and Dirac-Fock equations. The cross sections calculated by a relativistic method are compared to those for a nonrelativistic approximation. The ratios of the radiation reduced matrix elements and the phase shifts of the wavefunctions of a continuous spectrum calculated for the 6p ɛs and 6p → ɛd transitions are compared to the values obtained by approximating the experimental dependences of the angular distribution of photoelectrons for the photoionization by ultraviolet radiation from an oriented excited state.