CO（A^1П～e^3∑^-）混合激发态碰撞传能过程的量子干涉效应——跃迁振幅和相位角的时间特性

从含时微扰的一级波恩近似出发，进一步研究了CO(A～e)混合态在以He或HCI为碰撞伴时其跃迁振幅和相位角的时间特性．计算显示跃迁振幅随时间显现衰减的振荡．其振荡周期反比于初末态的能量差而衰减时间则决定于碰撞体系的分子间相互作用势能．对于给定的碰撞参数和碰撞速度，CO分子从初始转动态J到末态J′的跃迁可经过许多不同的通道，包括CO的不同量子数M和碰撞伴的各种J和M．所以实验的跃迁振幅及其实部和虚部是所有不同通道的平均结果．当He为碰撞伴时，所有的单重态和三重态通道的跃迁振幅矢量都处于复平面的第一象限，而当HCl为碰撞伴时，则单重态和三重态通道的跃迁振幅矢量分别处在第四和第一象限，这就解释了以He为碰撞伴时干涉相位角小于90°而以HCl为碰撞伴时则大于90°的实验事实．     

转动传能中干涉相位角的时间特性

不同碰撞系统在碰撞过程中转动传能的量子干涉角度并不相同.而对干涉角的计算需采取最符合系统的相互作用势.从含时微扰的一级波恩近似出发,利用各向异性相互作用势,进一步研究了CO单三混合态在和He做碰撞伴时其跃迁振幅和干涉相位角的时间特性,计算显示跃迁振幅随时间显现衰减的震荡;对于给定的碰撞参数和碰撞速度,跃迁振幅变化非常明显并与跃迁前后的状态、能级差相关.     

转动传能中干涉相位角的时间特性

不同碰撞系统在碰撞过程中转动传能的量子干涉角度并不相同。而对干涉角的计算需采取最符合系统的相互作用势。从含时微扰的一级波恩近似出发,利用各向异性相互作用势,进一步研究了CO单三混合态在和He做碰撞伴时其跃迁振幅和干涉相位角的时间特性,计算显示跃迁振幅随时间显现衰减的震荡;对于给定的碰撞参数和碰撞速度,跃迁振幅变化非常明显并与跃迁前后的状态、能级差相关。     

Π态双原子分子Λ分裂引起的量子干涉

为了从理论上解释Sun等在CO(A1 Π ,v =3 )和He碰撞实验中转动传能截面的反常现象 ,考虑一级含时波恩近似、长程相互作用势和直线轨道近似 ,建立了Π态双原子分子由于Λ分裂引起量子干涉的理论模型 .运用这一理论模型 ,成功的解释了实验中碰撞伴为He时转动传能截面的反常现象 :σε→ε′△J =0 <σε→ε′△J =± 1 .首先介绍了碰撞诱导转动传能中量子干涉效应的研究进展 ,然后建立了Π态双原子分子由于Λ分裂引起量子干涉的理论模型 ,最后对所得结果进行了讨论     

Ⅱ态双原子分子∧分裂引起的量子干涉

为了从理论上解释Sun等在CO(A^1Ⅱ，ν=3)和He碰撞实验中转动传能截面的反常现象，考虑一级含时波恩近似、长程相互作用势和直线轨道近似，建立了Ⅱ态双原子分子由于∧分裂引起量子干涉的理论模型．运用这一理论模型，成功的解释了实验中碰撞伴为He时转动传能截面的反常现象：σ△J=0^ε→ε‘&lt;σJ=&#177;1^ε→ε‘。首先介绍了碰撞诱导转动传能中量子干涉效应的研究进展，然后建立了Ⅱ态双原子分子由于∧分裂引起量子干涉的理论模型，最后对所得结果进行了讨论。     

近共振电子态和转动能量传递AB(~1∑,J) +C(~sl_j)→AB(~1∑,J′) +C(~sl_(j′))(英文)

1995年沙等在静态池实验中观测到了碰撞诱导转动传能中的量子干涉效应,并且测量到了决定跃迁截面幅值的积分干涉角(J .Chem.Phys.,1995,102 ,2772).同时,孙等在理论上计算了CO A1Π(v=0)~e3∑-(v=1)与He,Ne以及其它碰撞伴的碰撞体系的积分干涉角,建立了相应的理论模型.然而,以前的研究都局限在碰撞伴通常被认为是没有结构的粒子,但是在碰撞过程中相互碰撞的两个粒子都有内部角动量,自旋-轨道相互作用又对反应速率起着非常重要的影响,同时也能够影响反应势垒的高度,因此这种近似忽略了碰撞伴原子对整个碰撞体系得影响.基于这种考虑,在这篇文章中我们从理论上研究AB(~1∑,J) C(~sl_j)→AB(~1∑,J′) C(~sl_(j′))的碰撞诱导的电子态和转动态的能量传递,应用一级含时波恩近似、各向异性L-J相互作用势和直线轨迹近似,建立了理论模型.并讨论和比较了在近共振电子态和非共振电子态两种情况下的振动传能的跃迁几率.     

近共振电子态和转动能量传递AB(1∑,J)+C(slj)→AB(1∑,J'')+C(slj'')

1995年沙等在静态池实验中观测到了碰撞诱导转动传能中的量子干涉效应,并且测量到了决定跃迁截面幅值的积分干涉角(J.Chem.Phys.,1995,102,2772).同时,孙等在理论上计算了CO A1Ⅱ(v=0)～e3∑-(v=1)与He,Ne以及其它碰撞伴的碰撞体系的积分干涉角,建立了相应的理论模型.然而,以前的研究都局限在碰撞伴通常被认为是没有结构的粒子,但是在碰撞过程中相互碰撞的两个粒都有内部角动量,自旋-轨道相互作用又对反应速率起着非常重要的影响,同时也能够影响反应势垒的高度,因此这种近似忽略了碰撞伴原子对整个碰撞体系得影响.基于这种考虑,在这篇文章中我们从理论上研究AB (1∑,J)+C(slj)→AB(1∑,J')+C(slj')的碰撞诱导的电子态和转动态的能量传递,应用一级含时波恩近似、各向异性L-J相互作用势和直线轨迹近似,建立了理论模型.并讨论和比较了在近共振电子态和非共振电子态两种情况下的振动传能的跃迁几率.     

四苯基卟啉—锌化合物的微微秒瞬态吸收和荧光动力学研究

用微微秒瞬态吸收和荧光动力学测量方法,研究了四苯基卟啉-锌的三重态建立过程和单重态的衰减过德;测量了样品的系际交叉速率、单重态的寿命及其对532nm波长的吸收截面.     

2-甲基吡嗪分子激发态系间交叉过程的飞秒时间分辨光电子影像研究

飞秒时间分辨光电子影像技术和飞秒时间分辨质谱技术相结合,研究了2-甲基吡嗪分子电子激发态超快非绝热弛豫动力学.用323 nm光作为泵浦光,把2-甲基吡嗪分子激发到第一激发态S_1,用400 nm光探测激发态演化过程.通过时间分辨质谱技术测得S_1态的寿命为98 ps.实验中,实时观察到了单重态S_1向三重态T_1的系间交叉过程.通过分析发现,跟吡嗪分子S_1态的动力学过程不同,2-甲基吡嗪分子激发到S_1态后,不仅S_1→T_1系间交叉过程是S_1态主要衰减通道,S_1→S_0内转换过程也是S_1态另一个主要衰减通道.发挥飞秒时间分辨光电子影像技术的优点,实验上得到不同泵浦-探测时间延迟的光电子角分布,从角分布信息结合光电子能谱信息,尝试观察2-甲基吡嗪分子的非绝热无场准直,但由于2-甲基吡嗪分子对称性比吡嗪分子更低,对称性更低分子准直现象的观察更有挑战性,在实验中未能观察到非绝热准直动力学.本工作为2-甲基吡嗪分子S_1态非绝热弛豫动力学提供了较清楚的物理图像.     

He原子和BH分子碰撞体系的转动激发能量转移

在碰撞体系He+BH的CCSD(T)二维势能面基础上,应用密耦方法,研究了 He+BH分子碰撞转动激发过程.计算了该体系的转动态-态激发的弹性和非弹性的微分和积分截面,分析了计算结果与势能面特征间的关系.结果表明: He原子以从H原子端共线形式碰撞BH分子对j=0→j'=2的激发最为有效;短程排斥对Δj=2的激发作用较大;态-态跃迁总截面出现振荡结构,长程部分分波只对j=0→j'=1的跃迁总截面有较大贡献,j'≥ 关键词： He+BH体系 转动激发 散射截面     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.