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1.
藉助捶打、敲击、抓奏、刮奏、摇奏、弹拨等方法几乎可以使任何刚性物体发声.打击乐器就是利用这种方式发出乐音的乐器.它们大致可以分为两类:一类是有调打击乐器如木琴、钟琴、钢板琴、定音鼓和中国编钟等,此类乐器有音阶的变化,可以独立表演乐曲;另一类是无调打击乐器,如各种鼓、  相似文献   

2.
乔卫平  梁华翰 《物理实验》1992,12(4):194-196
利用波的合成所形成的驻波现象来检测波的参量:波速、波长和频率并进而研究一些物理现象,在大学物理实验中是有启发和实际意义的。本刊曾先后刊载了黄涛和郝乃澜的两篇文章,对弦振动实验中的有关问题进行了探讨。但不得不指出的是郝文在定解问题的处理、推导和得出结论时,  相似文献   

3.
XY2型分子伸缩振动与弯曲振动耦合研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文研究一种推广的局域模模型,我们用局域坐标描述非线性XY2分子的伸缩振动,用简正坐标描述弯曲振动;对用曲线内坐标写出的势能函数和G矩阵元进行Taylor展开,保留了弯曲振动与伸缩振动耦合的交叉项,获得各阶哈密顿量,略去了五次以上的高阶项;用它对实验数据进行非线性最小二乘法的拟合,得出各个势能参数值,并用它们计算了H2O分子的振动光谱,计算结果与实验数据符合得较好。  相似文献   

4.
低温制冷机微振动输出是在设计和实际使用过程中的重要指标。为了准确测量出低温制冷机自身微振动输出,提出了采用弹簧和细线的悬置方式测量微振动输出的方法,消除了因为支撑和装夹等因素的影响,并对2.8W/80K斯特林制冷机压缩机和膨胀机各方向的振动输出进行测试,分析了振动输出产生的原因和控制方法,对于整机优化设计与性能改进具有指导意义。  相似文献   

5.
冯伟  李石玉 《物理实验》1993,13(4):190-192
在传统的普物实验教材中,常用电动音叉与一端固定的弦来作“弦的振动实验”,如图1所示。实验时常用方法是固定弦长L,改变张力T,或改变张力T的同时调节弦长L,使弦上产生基频或某次谐频共振。由于张力T改变时,弦线的线密度将随之改变,这会给实验带来误差。另外,实验中策动源频率不可改变,使实验的“自由度”受到一定限制。用音频振荡器(可用音讯——1甲型)的功率输出去驱动打点计时器(可用中学物理实验用的)作弦的振动实验可以固定弦长和张力,而改变策动源的频率(频率的大小可以由刻度盘读出,也可以用频率计测出)。  相似文献   

6.
林书玉 《应用声学》2000,19(4):31-34
本文提出了一种测量功率超声振动系统中振动速度比的简单方法。与传统的测量方法相比,本方法将力学量转变为电学量的测量,将绝对测量变成了相对测量,降低了对实验设备的要求,有利于提高测试精度。  相似文献   

7.
弦线与音叉垂直情况下弦振动的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
王宝升  任敬萍 《物理实验》1997,17(4):151-151,150
如图1所示,当音叉的位置由图la变为图fo时,则弦线驻波的波腹数减少为原来(偶数)的一半,此现象有的称为二分频现象.对此现象现已有文章‘’‘通过建立物理模型解数理方程的方法得出某些具体结果,但在教学中更希望能从基本物理规律出发对此现象做出解释.本文就此试研究如下.一、基本分析由振动和波动理论可知,要使图1装置形成稳定的驻波须有两个条件,一为弦线长度为半波长的整数倍,一为音叉给予弦线一合拍作用力对弦线总是做正功.设弦线上激发某一频率的驻波,若无能量损耗,则不需外力作用,弦线的运动状态就会一直维持下去.此…  相似文献   

8.
测量了不同浓度杂质水的拉曼光谱的,并与蒸馏水的拉曼光谱线进行比较和分析.结果表明,水中所含杂质的浓度越高其对应拉曼谱线弯曲振动的强度就越大,弯曲振动与伸缩振动的强度比也越大,而且拉曼光谱线峰下的面积也随着杂质浓度的增大而增加.  相似文献   

9.
耦合型高频光纤振动传感器实验研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
提出了一种耦合型高频光纤振动传感器,并设计了相应的解调电路和信号处理系统.对高频振动信号的响应波形和频率进行了测量,研究了光纤传感器对不同的振动强度和不同方向的振动信号的响应,分析了不同结构和不同材质的传输介质对光纤传感器测量结果的影响.实验证明所设计的耦合型高频光纤振动传感器截止频率达到8 kHz,振幅测量灵敏度为325 mV/mm,频率和幅值响应误差小于1%.  相似文献   

10.
一个含电流一智能悬臂梁结构振动性实验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
制作了一种含电流变体材料的悬臂梁结构,采用自由振动法测量了梁的阻尼特性,结果表明,随着外加电场强度的增加,梁的对数衰减系数和阻尼明显增加,即劝衰减速度加快并很快达到静止状态。  相似文献   

11.
Iodine release in potassium iodide solution has been investigated under the irradiations of ultrasound and visible light respectively and simultaneously. We have observed that the amount of iodine liberated under the combined irradiation of ultrasound and visible light is larger than the sum of that under the respective irradiations of ultrasound and visible light, indicating a synergistic effect of ultrasound and visible light irradiations. Based on the investigation of the reaction kinetics of iodine liberated, we have ascribed the synergistic effect to the perfect stirring of the photochemical reactor induced by the applying simultaneous ultrasound. The ideal stirring can result in the homogenization of the primary light effect in the whole reaction medium, which induces the acceleration of the photochemical reaction. On behavior of our knowledge, there are few reports on the investigations of utilizing the combination of ultrasonic energy and light energy to accelerate the reaction yield and rate as well as the kinetics of the reaction.  相似文献   

12.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to study the human epidermis larynx carcinoma cell lines (Hep-2) which were irradiated by different doses of X-ray.The results show that (1) the irradiation of X-ray damages the structure of the CH3 groups of the thymine in DNA,which restrains the reproduction of Hep-2 cells effectively,(2) the 8 Gy dose of X-ray irradiation changes the framework and the relative contents of some proteins,lipids and the nucleic acid molecules intercellular in the greatest degree,and (3) the 8 Gy dose of X-ray irradiation is the best irradiation dose for lowering the degree of the cancerization of Hep-2 cells according to the criteria for the degree of the cancerization reported recently.Meanwhile,the apoptosis of these cells were detected by using flow cytometry (FCM) primarily.It shows that the apoptotic ratio of the Hep-2 cells depends on the irradiation dose to some extent,but is not linearly.And the apoptotic ratio of the 12 Gy dose group is the maximum (20.36%),but the apoptotic ratios of the 2 to 8 Gy dose groups change little.  相似文献   

13.
The electromagnetic ultrasound is used in the detection of interfaces of the adhesive multilayer structures to solve the unstable coupling problem in ultrasonic testing by traditional piezoelectric transducers. Based on the analysis of the transforming mechanism of electromag-netic ultrasound energy and the resultant dead zone from mutual inductance of the transducer, the wavelet filtering by soft-thresholding and adaptive noise canceling methods are used simul-taneously to the detected electromagnetic ultrasonic signals to overcome the drawbacks of the low signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the wide intrinsic dead zone of the transducer. Processed results in the interface detection of a three layered adhesive sample of steel and rubber materials demonstrate that the wavelet filtering enhances the SNR about 12dB while the adaptive noise canceling narrows the dead zone effectively.  相似文献   

14.
The formation of Saturn and its disk is simulated using a new N-body self-gravitational model. It is demonstrated that the formation of the disk and the planet is the result of gravitational contraction of a slowly rotated particle cloud that have a shape of slightly deformed sphere. The sphere was flattened by a coefficient of 0.8 along the axis of rotation. During the gravitational contraction, the major part of the cloud transformed into a planet and a minor part transformed into a disk. The thin structured disk is a result of the electromagnetic interaction in which the magnetic forces acting on charged particles of the cloud originate in the core of the planet. The simulation program gives such parameters of Saturn as the escape velocity of about 35 km/s at the surface, density, rotational velocities of the rings and temperature distribution.  相似文献   

15.
In high gain harmonic generation (HGHG) free electron laser (FEL), with the right choice of parameters of the modulator undulator, the dispersive section and the seed laser, one may make the spatial bunching of the electron beam density distribution correspond to one of the harmonic frequencies of the radiator radiation, instead of the fundamental frequency of the radiator radiation in conventional HGHG, thus the radiator undulator is in harmonic operation (HO) mode. In this paper, we investigate HO of HGHG FEL.Theoretical analyses with universal method are derived and numerical simulations in ultraviolet and deep ultraviolet spectral regions are given. It shows that the power of the 3rd harmonic radiation in the HO of HGHG may be as high as 18.5% of the fundamental power level. Thus HO of HGHG FEL may obtain short wavelength by using lower beam energy.  相似文献   

16.
The beam dynamic code PARMELA was used to simulate the transportation process of accelerating electrons in S-band SW linacs with different energies of 2.5, 6 and 20 MeV. The results indicated that in the ideal condition, the percentage of electron beam loss was 50% in accelerator tubes. Also we calculated the spectrum, the location and angular distribution of the lost electrons. Calculation performed by Monte Carlo code MCNP demonstrated that the radiation distribution of lost electrons was nearly uniform along the tube axis, the angular distributions of the radiation dose rates of the three tubes were similar, and the highest leaking dose was at the angle of 160° with respect to the axis. The lower the energy of the accelerator, the higher the radiation relative leakage. For the 2.5 MeV accelerator, the maximum dose rate reached 5% of the main dose and the one on the head of the electron gun was 1%, both of which did not meet the eligible protection requirement for accelerators. We adopted different shielding designs for different accelerators. The simulated result showed that the shielded radiation leaking dose rates fulfilled the requirement.  相似文献   

17.
In order to understand the viscoelasticity of material, this research has been conducted to study the propagation characteristics of viscoelastic Rayleigh wave theoretically. A model is presented for the pulsed laser generation of ultrasound on viscoelastic medium surface. Referred to the Kelvin model, the frequency equation and the normal displacement of viscoelastic Rayleigh wave were derived, the influence of the viscoelastic modulus on dispersion and attenuation was discussed. From the theoretical calculation, it is shown that the effect of viscoelasticity on the attenuation of Rayleigh wave is more than that on its dispersion. In the case of a weak viscosity, the attenuation of viscoelastic Rayleigh wave is directly proportional to viscosity modulus; the effect of shear viscosity on the attenuation is much more than that of bulk viscosity. The transient response of viscoelastic Rayleigh wave was also simulated using Laplace and Hankel inversion transform, which are showed in good agreement with the theoretic predictions. The model provides a useful tool for the determination of viscoelastic parameters of medium.  相似文献   

18.
In order to ease the pass-band response distortion of the matrix pre-filter,a simple approach for designing matrix spatial filter is proposed,which minimizes the sum of the k maximal distortion norm(k is the number of the constraint points)within the pass-band,while constraining the filter response within the stop-band.Considering the costly amount of calculation of the high-resolution methods,an algorithm with small amount of calculation based on matrix pre-filtering and subspace fitting using acoustic vector array(MF-VSSF)is proposed.Through joint processing of signal subspace of both pressure and particle velocity,the pre-filtering matrix and the signal subspace is decreased to M-dimensional(M is the number of array-element),hence reduces the time-consumption of the matrix pre-filter design and DOA searching.Simulation results show that,the method offers the same performance as MUSIC with pre-filtering,but has much lesser amount of calculation.Moreover,the designed prefilter can efficiently suppress the interference in the stop-band and improve the estimation and resolution performance of successive DOA estimators.  相似文献   

19.
Spectral characteristics of stochastic fields and their spatial derivatives in various planar structures composed by lossy materials described by realistic dielectric functions are numerically calculated based on solutions to the problems of multipolar electromagnetic fields in a plane layered geometry. A displacement of the maximum of the spectral power densities for spatial derivatives of fluctuating fields to the high-frequency domain, a resonant increase in the density of states of the fluctuating fields at the frequencies of interface excitations and interference modes for the radiative part of the spectra, the influence of geometry on the density of states, and other peculiarities are found by numerical calculations and graphically demonstrated. Interpretations of the above effects are provided.  相似文献   

20.
In a capillary discharge experiment for the neon-like argon lasing, we have proposed an experimental scheme to verify that the multi-spike of X-ray diode (XRD) signal is a multi-pulse laser or is a reflection of the laser pulse in the XRD.The ceramic capillary has an inner diameter of 3mm and a length of 200mm.At the gas pressure of 28Pa and discharge current of 27kA, stable lasing has been realized.The experimental results prove that the multi-spike of XRD signal is a reflection of the electromagnetic signal produced by the laser pulse in the XRD.The improved electrocircuit scheme of the XRD to minimize the reflection phenomena is also found.  相似文献   

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