6—磺酰香豆素—β—CD的合成及分子识别性质初探

本文合成和鉴定了具有分子识别功能的发光试剂６－磺酰香豆素－ＣＤ（吣－Ｃｓ－β－ＣＤ）。在碱怀条件下，经过足够的光照，它有产生强而稳定的荧光，以其为腐朽 ，研究了对客体环己醇，环己烯，环己烷和溴代环己烷分子的认别性能，计算出相应的包结常数和识别因子。     

香豆素—1的荧光介质效应

详细研究了香豆素－１在环己烷－醇、１，４－二氧六环－水二元溶剂及环糊精，表面活性剂溶液体系中的荧光光谱。通过溶剂－溶质分子间氢键作用及对其非荧光性的ＴＩＣＴ态形成的影响。讨论了这种荧光探针的荧光光谱对环境极性非常敏感的原因，测定了它与环糊精的包结常数和与表面活性剂胶束的结合常数。     

光谱法考察对称四甲基六元瓜环与二氯化-二(2-苯并咪唑)丁烷的分子识别

以对称四甲基六元瓜环为主体,二氯化-二(2,2’-苯并咪唑)丁烷为客体,采用荧光光谱法和紫外吸收光谱法研究了主客体的相互作用。实验结果表明,主体对客体具有较强的包结识别能力,主客体之间可形成1∶1及2∶1的包结配合物,紫外吸收光谱法测得配合物的包结常数为K_(1∶1)=4.79±0.01×104 L·mol-1, K_(2∶1)=8.51±0.01×1010 L2·mol-2; 荧光光谱法测得配合物的包结常数为K_(1∶1)=7.02±0.01×104 L·mol-1, K_(2∶1)=2.88±0.01×1010 L2·mol-2,两种方法结果一致。     

光谱法测试瓜环与2-氨基苯丙噻唑的主客体作用

利用1H NMR技术,紫外吸收光谱法和荧光光谱法考察了七、八元瓜环(cucurbit[n]urilsn=7,8)与2-氨基苯并噻唑(g)的相互作用。实验结果表明:在2pH9范围内,利用不同的光谱方法均能观察到瓜环与客体的相互作用;Q[7]与客体作用形成物质的量比为1∶1的包结配合物,Q[8]与客体形成物质的量比为1∶2的包结配合物,并计算出包结常数,同时测试了超分子体系的热力学稳定性及熵变,焓变。     

β—环糊精包结几种萘衍生物的圆二色性的研究

本文报道了β－环糊精分别包结α－萘胺，β－萘胺，α－萘乙酸的圆二色谱及紫外吸收光谱，并利用ＫＡＪＴＡＲ扇形规则，根据所是的Ｃｏｔｔｏｎ效应符号和各向异性因子确定了客体分子在环糊精空腔中的了同时关联了圆二色谱客体分子大环糊精中的取向和量子计算的矢量矩方向之间的关系，并对量子计算了矢量矩方向的结果给予了定性检验。     

荧光光谱滴定法研究葫芦脲[7]对亚甲基蓝的包结作用

采用荧光光谱滴定法研究了不同温度下及醋酸缓冲溶液中,葫芦脲[7](CB7)对亚甲基蓝(MB)的包结作用。在一定的浓度范围内,体系的荧光强度随着CB7浓度的增大而增强,且荧光峰位有一定的蓝移,结果显示二者形成了1∶1的包结配合物,同时计算了它们的包结稳定常数以及相关热力学常数ΔG,Δh和ΔS,热力学常数数值说明反应是焓变驱动的。此外,利用1H NMR谱图,结合葫芦脲[7]以及客体亚甲基蓝的结构特征,对其包结机理及主客体作用模式进行了探讨。     

光谱法研究羟基葫芦[6]脲与甲基橙的分子识别作用

采用紫外和荧光光谱法研究羟基葫芦[6]脲(HOCB6)与甲基橙(MO)之间的包结作用,考察了溶液的pH值、常见有机溶剂和表面活性剂等对该包结物的形成及荧光强度的影响。实验结果表明,随着主体分子的加入,MO荧光增强且蓝移,说明客体被纳入主体分子的疏水性穴腔,形成内包结物。主客体分子之间主要通过疏水作用形成1∶1型的HOCB6-MO包结物,其包结常数为1.41×102 L·mol-1。同时采用葫芦[6]脲(CB6)、对-二甲氨甲基杯[8]芳烃和β-环糊精与MO的作用进行比较。研究发现,MO也能与葫芦[6]脲形成1∶1型的内包结物,但包结常数较小(34.65 L·mol-1);与β-环糊精形成1∶2型的内包结物,其包结常数为6.14×106 L2·mol-2;与对-二甲氨甲基杯[8]芳烃形成1∶1型的外包结物,导致荧光强烈猝灭,包结常数为1.35×104 L·mol-1。     

1H NMR STUDIES OF 2,3,6-TRI-O-METHYLATED

报道了水溶液中主体2，3，6-三甲氧基β-环糊精与客体氢醌及甲酚异构体包结作用的核磁共振研究结果.研究表明，四种不同的取代苯酚均能进入主体的疏水腔中发生包结作用；根据主体甲氧基质子化学位移的变化值随不同主客体浓度的变化关系计算出水溶液中主体和不同客体间包结作用的平衡常数.     

β-环糊精与二苯硫脲、二苯脲包结作用的紫外光谱研究

采用紫外光谱法研究β-环糊精与二苯硫脲、二苯脲的包结作用,运用摩尔比法和直线拟合法(Hildebrand-Benesi法)确定了包结物形成的化学计量比,计算了主客体在不同温度下的包结稳定常数Ks,从而得到包结过程的热力学数据△H,△S.结果表明:β-环糊精与二苯硫脲、二苯脲均形成2∶1型的包结物,由于相邻的2个β-环糊精空腔间的协同作用,包结稳定常数Ks较1∶1型包结物大.包结过程是焓驱动的,主客体间的范德华作用力和偶极-偶极相互作用力是包结过程的主要驱动力.     

β－环糊精包结几种萘衍生物的圆二色性的研究

本文报道了β－环糊精分别包结α－萘胺、β－萘胺、α－萘乙酸的圆二色谱及紫外吸收光谱，并利用ＫＡＪＴＡＲ扇形规则，根据所测得的Ｃｏｔｔｏｎ效应符号和各向异性因子确定了客体分子在环糊精空腔中的取向。同时关联了圆二色谱客体分子在环糊精中的取向和量子计算的矢量矩方向之间的关系，并对量子计算的矢量矩方向的结果给予了定性检验。     

Synthesis of novel bis(β‐cyclodextrin)s linked with aromatic diamine and their molecular recognition with model substrates

Novel β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) dimers with aromatic diamine linkers, 1,3‐(aminomethyl)‐benzylamine‐bridged bis(6‐amino‐6‐deoxy‐β‐CD) (2) , 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethano‐bridged bis(6‐amino‐6‐deoxy‐β‐CD) (3) , and 4,4′‐ ethylenedianiline‐bridged bis(6‐amino‐6‐deoxy‐β‐CD) (4) , were synthesized. The inclusion complexation behaviors of these compounds, together with 4,4′‐aminophenyl ethyl‐bridged bis(6‐amino‐6‐deoxy‐β‐CD) (5) , with substrates such as acridine red (AR), neutral red (NR), ammonium 8‐anilino‐1‐naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), sodium 2‐(p‐toluidinyl) naphthalenesulfonate (TNS), rhodamine B (RhB), and brilliant green (BG), were investigated by ultraviolet, fluorescence, circular dichroism, and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The results indicated that the two linked CD units cooperatively bound to a guest, and the molecular binding affinity toward substrates, especially curved guest ANS and linear guests such as NR and AR, was increased. The linker length between two CD units played a crucial role in the molecular recognition of the hosts with guest dyes. The binding constants of the hosts for AR, TNS, ANS, and RhB decreased with increasing linker length in hosts 2‐4 . Moreover, structurally similar hosts 3 and 5 exhibited very different binding behavior for the guests. Host 5 showed much higher Ks values toward positively charged guests and lower Ks toward negatively charged guests than host 3 . The 2D NMR spectra of hosts 3 and 5 with RhB were acquired to understand the binding difference between 3 and 5 . The molecular binding ability and selectivity of model substrates by these hosts were sufficiently investigated to reveal not only the cooperative contributions of the linker group and CD cavities upon inclusion complexation with dye guest molecules, but also the controlling factors for the molecular selective binding. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Inclusion Complexation of Phenoxyaliphatic Acid Derivatives of 3,3′-bis(indolyl)methanes with β-Cyclodextrin

The inclusion complexation behavior of phenoxyaliphatic acid derivatives of 3,3′-bis(indolyl)methane (BIMs 1–5) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were investigated in both solution and solid state by means of UV-Visible, fluorescence spectroscopy, FT-IR and ¹H NMR techniques. The nature of the host–guest inclusion complex between BIMs and β-CD has been elucidated. The experimental results confirmed the existence of 1:1 inclusion complex of BIMs with β-CD. The binding constants describing the extent of formation of the complexes have been determined using Benesi-Hildebrand plots using UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. BIMs exhibited an affinity for β-CD. The spectral studies suggested the phenyl ring along with alkyl substitutions of BIMs is present inside of β-CD cavity.     

竞争包结法研究β-环糊精及其衍生物对灯盏花乙素的选择键合

以酚酞作为光谱探针,采用紫外-可见光谱滴定法测定了β-环糊精(β-CD),单(6-脱氧-乙二胺)-β-环糊精(en-β-CD),单(6-脱氧-二乙基三胺)-β-环糊精(dien-β-CD),羟丙基-β-环糊精(HP-β-CD),磺丁基醚-β-环糊精(SBE-β-CD)在30℃时,pH=10.50的0.025mol/L缓冲液中与灯盏花乙素所形成超分子配合物的稳定常数。结果表明,多种弱相互作用力协同作用于环糊精的配位过程,主-客体间的尺寸匹配决定所形成配合物的稳定性,环糊精衍生物的取代基影响主体的配位能力。5种环糊精主体化合物对灯盏花乙素客体分子的包合能力大小为:β-CDSBE-β-CDen-β-CDdien-β-CDHP-β-CD。     

光谱法研究七、八元瓜环对亚甲基蓝的分子识别

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱法考察了七、八元瓜环(Q[7],Q[8])对客体亚甲基蓝染料(g)的分子识别作用.结果表明,Q[7]与g作用形成物质的量比为2:1的主客体配合物,Q[8]与g作用形成的是物质的量之比为1:2的主客体配合物.吸收光谱法测得的包结常数分别为KQ[7]-g=1.34×1012 L2·mol-2,KQ[8]-g=5.34×1012 L2·mol-2;荧光光谱法测得的KQ[7]-g=1.53×1012 L2·mol-2,KA[8]-g=6.11×1012 L2·mol-2,两种方法结果一致.随着Q[7或8]浓度的增加,瓜环对客体有明显的荧光增敏作用,而Q[8]对客体有明显的荧光猝灭作用.从Q[7]和Q[8]分别与客体作用体系的紫外-可见吸光度和荧光强度随pH值改变的变化规律可以看出,体系在pH在0.5～13范围内均能观察到主客体的相互作用,且作用比例不发生变化.     

Nonradiative heterofission of guest molecule electronic excitations in doped organic molecular crystals

Formulae for the rate constants of the nonradiative heterofission of a guest molecule electronic excitation into one host molecule electronic excitation and one guest molecule electronic excitation in the doped organic molecular crystals are derived. The coherent and incoherent host exciton heterofission channels are considered. Formulae derived for the singlet host exciton heterofission channels are related to the measurable optical properties of the host and guest molecule of the crystal. The effects of the intramolecular vibration are discussed.     

荧光光谱法结合分子对接研究人血清白蛋白 对齐墩果酸与熊果酸的异构体识别作用

五环三萜化合物齐墩果酸(OA)与熊果酸(UA)为同分异构体,具有相似的理化性质和稍有差异的药理活性。目前人们主要采用各种色谱、质谱类方法实现对OA与UA的异构体识别,未见使用荧光光谱法的报道。提出了一种使用荧光猝灭法实现对OA与UA异构体识别的方法。首先考察了两种常见的血清蛋白-牛血清白蛋白(BSA)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)同OA与UA的作用情况,结果表明OA与UA均可有效地猝灭BSA与HSA的荧光发射。对所得荧光猝灭数据计算可知OA,UA与BSA,HSA作用的双分子猝灭速率常数(K_q)均远大于生物大分子荧光猝灭所观察到的最大散射碰撞速率常数2.0×1010 L·(mol·s)-1,说明猝灭类型均为静态猝灭,即OA与UA均是通过与BSA及HSA形成稳定复合物方式实现荧光猝灭的。应用双对数方程对所得荧光猝灭数据计算可知OA,UA与BSA,HSA所形成的复合物中结合位点数在0.90～1.26之间,说明所形成的复合物为1∶1型。BSA与OA,UA所形成复合物的表观结合常数(K_A)为同一数量级,相差不大,但是HSA与OA,UA所形成复合物的K_A差别很大,HSA-UA复合物的KA比HSA-OA复合物高124.91倍,表明HSA-UA复合物的稳定性更强。同步荧光实验结果显示,OA与UA的加入对于HSA波长差(Δλ)为60 nm同步荧光光谱的影响大于Δλ为15 nm的同步荧光光谱,由此可以说明OA与UA在HSA上的结合位点可能位于Trp残基附近。分子对接模拟计算结果表明OA与UA均对接在HSA结构中一个疏水性空腔中,主客体之间存在强烈的氢键与疏水作用。OA同Arg218,His242,Pro447等残基间存在氢键作用,键长分别为2.95,2.97与3.17 Å,此外还与Lys195,Lys199,Trp214,Arg222,Leu238,Asp451和Tyr452等七个氨基酸残基间存在疏水作用。UA同Trp214,Arg218和Lys444等残基存在氢键作用,键长分别为3.01,2.88与2.65 Å,此外还与Leu198,Gln221,Arg222,Asn295,Val343,Pro447,Cys448,Asp451和Val455等9个氨基酸残基间存在疏水作用。由于UA同HSA作用位点数目多于OA,说明UA与HSA疏水性空腔的空间匹配程度更高。因此,认为HSA-UA与HSA-OA复合物间稳定性差异是HSA实现对OA与UA异构体识别的原因。     

荧光光谱法考察七、八元瓜环与甲基吲哚的相互作用

利用荧光光谱法考察了七、八元瓜环(Cucurbit[n=7,8]urils,Q[7],Q[8])与客体2-甲基吲哚(2-methylindol,Me)和3-甲基吲哚(3-methylindol,Sk)的相互作用;同时研究了体系pH以及温度对Q[7]和Q[8]与客体相互作用的影响;并计算了相应的稳定常数及热力学参数等.实验结果表明:除Q[8]与Sk作用比为1∶2外,其余主客体的作用比均为1∶1;在pH值为1～11,温度为298～313 K的范围内上述体系的作用比不变;在pH 1和室温条件下,作用体系的稳定常数较大;通过热力学参数的测定可知上述主客体的相互作用均是自发进行.     

Nonradiative heterofusion of excitons in doped organic molecular crystals

The nonradiative heterofusion of a host exciton with a guest molecule electronic excitation resulting in a higher electronic neutral single excited state is examined theoretically in the doped organic molecular crystals. The heterofusion process is treated as a nonradiative spontaneous multi-lattice phonon transition of the crystal from the electronic double excited initial state to the electronic single excited final state under the action of the interaction between the host molecules and the guest molecule. Two heterofusion channels are considered: the first one resulting in a higher electronic excited state of the guest molecule and the second one resulting in a higher host exciton state. The corresponding rate constants are calculated and discussed within the framework of the first order time dependent perturbation theory.     

光谱法结合分子对接模拟技术研究头孢他啶与胰蛋白酶的相互作用机理

本文主要通过荧光光谱法与分子对接技术研究了在298,303,310 K温度下头孢他啶(CFD)与胰蛋白酶(TRP)之间的作用机制。研究结果表明,CFD与TRP之间是通过1∶1的静态猝灭方式相互作用。依照双对数方程处理荧光猝灭数据得到了CFD与TRP作用的结合常数Ka和结合位点数n。通过热力学方程求得了不同温度下CFD与TRP作用的热力学参数。实验数据表明,它们之间的作用力主要是疏水作用和氢键作用,这与分子对接技术所得的结果是一致的。     

Molecular Recognition of 1,5 Diamino Anthraquinone by <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-tert-butyl-Calix(8)arene

The molecular recognition properties of p-tert-butyl-calix(8)arene with 1,5 -diamino anthraquinone (1,5 DAAQ) were studied by using UV–Visible and Fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The binding constant was determined by using the Benesi-Hilde brand expression. It was found that the host–guest complex was formed between 1,5 DAAQ and p-tert-butyl- calix(8)arene in the 1:2 Stoichiometry ratio.