基于可编程LED阵列照明的透射体视显微镜

为了实现对待测样品高质量的体视显微成像,提出了基于可编程发光二极管(LED)阵列照明的透射体视显微镜。该显微镜光学系统使用可编程LED阵列作为照明双光源,照明孔径、角度以及波长均可自由选择,通过改变可编程LED阵列上红蓝圆形光源的半径r和圆心间距d分别实现对体视显微镜焦深和体视角的灵活可控。实验结果表明,该显微镜系统简便,观察者根据自身需要选择合适的焦深和体视角可有效解决因人眼瞳距个体差异大引起单一体视角出现的双像不能重合等问题,实现对待测样品的直接体视显微观看。使用数值孔径NA=0.1(4×)的显微物镜,在最佳参数r=2,d=3时可清晰观测到待测样品的层次关系以及相对位置等三维信息。     

基于可编程LED阵列照明的透射体视显微镜EI北大核心CSCD

为了实现对待测样品高质量的体视显微成像,提出了基于可编程发光二极管(LED)阵列照明的透射体视显微镜。该显微镜光学系统使用可编程LED阵列作为照明双光源,照明孔径、角度以及波长均可自由选择,通过改变可编程LED阵列上红蓝圆形光源的半径r和圆心间距d分别实现对体视显微镜焦深和体视角的灵活可控。实验结果表明,该显微镜系统简便,观察者根据自身需要选择合适的焦深和体视角可有效解决因人眼瞳距个体差异大引起单一体视角出现的双像不能重合等问题,实现对待测样品的直接体视显微观看。使用数值孔径NA=0.1(4×)的显微物镜,在最佳参数r=2,d=3时可清晰观测到待测样品的层次关系以及相对位置等三维信息。     

第七届全国信号与信息处理联合学术会议（SP2008）首届全国省（市）级图象图形学会联合年会（IG2008）征文/征展通知

由中国图象图形学会主办、中国体视学会合作主办,由兰州交通大学和陕西图象图形学会(轮值)承办,由体视学会图像分析分会、京津沪粤图象图形学会和东北学界、陕西生物医学工程学会、陕西信号处理学会、陕西图象图形学会共同举办的的第一届全国联合年会和第七届联合学术会议,将于     

基于光学扩展量的LED均匀照明反射器的设计

针对发光二极管(LED)光源的发光特点,根据非成像光学的光学扩展量理论建立了获得均匀照明反射器的一般方程,实现了在特定目标面上的均匀照明,进而依据该方程设计了用于体视显微镜的LED照明系统.利用TracePro软件对所设计的系统进行光线追迹仿真,结果表明在Φ90 mm的范围内照度均匀性达到90.6%,不考虑反射率损失时能量利用率可达到99.6%.该设计方案采用单一反射器实现均匀照明,为实现照明系统小型化和简单化提供了一种有效的途径.     

应用光学——光学系统设计指南 第十五章 视觉(续)

第十五章视觉(续)15.8 体视和空间感(?)人们有充分的理由提问:为什么利用二维视网膜象可以得到周围三维空间的非常完整的图象?这是因为,事实上存在着许多可供我们利用的空间感信息,不过对于在仪器中应用来讲,其中只有两项(即体视和单目视     

以微机为基础的可编程光学信号处理器

本文介绍一种以微机为基础的实时可编程光学信号处理系统。这种系统采用了磁光空间光调制器(MOSLM)和液晶光阀(LCLV),可以实现各种复杂的光学运算,例如:图象相关、图象相减和矩阵乘法。它的主要优点是可编程和实时寻址能力。这些性能对空间自动化领域中的遥控机器人视觉是十分重要的。本文讨论了实际实现这种系统的设计要求和建议,进行了某些初步实验,目的在于证实这种系统可以用于光学图形识别中的图象相关、IC 芯片检查中的图象相减和用于光计算中的矩阵乘法。     

三维显示技术

本文简要叙述了三维显示的基本原理和特性．概述了体视对显示技术、自体视显示技术、空间加载显示技术和全息显示技术的原理和方法．介绍了目前在电影、电视、图象等领域已经实用的三维显示技术．描绘了三维显示技术和计算机技术相结合的发展前景．     

光电混合变换相关器在体视测距中的应用

本文研究了体视测距系统的图像联合变换相关原理，推导出利用像联合变换相关测量目标距离的公式。同时，本文表明把光电混合联合变换相关器用于体视测距系统的原理装置和测距实验。     

真彩色体视全息图

用三色光栅照相机拍摄景物的两张视差照片，然后用单色激光器经二次曝光全息记录制成一张真彩色体视全息图，在普通白炽灯照明下可再现真彩色体视全息像.该方法制作过程更简单，减少了散斑噪音，消除了彩色全息像的色差，得到的全息像清晰明亮，色彩真实，立体感强.     

改进宽银幕投影显示照明系统的设计方法

照明系统是投影显示系统的重要组成部分,决定着整个系统的亮度和照明均匀性。复眼系统是一种常见的液晶投影显示系统照明结构。传统的复眼照明系统设计方法中,复眼小透镜具有与液晶板相同的长宽比,可以获得能量利用率和均匀性都比较好的照明光斑。但研究发现,利用这种方法设计宽银幕投影显示设备的复眼照明系统,会引起一定的光能损失。针对这一问题,通过对复眼系统设计理论的分析和对实际复眼照明系统的模拟,创新性地提出了在照明系统中引入柱面透镜改变复眼小透镜的长宽比的设计方法,能够有效的提高投影系统能量利用率。模拟计算结果表明,引入柱面透镜的复眼照明系统与传统方法设计的复眼系统相比,能量利用率可以提高5％到10％。     

Design of an off-axis HOE light concentrator to focus light from multiple directions in a plane

The attractive and multifunctional properties of holographic optical elements (HOEs) offer an opportunity to create compact optical systems for a wide range of applications. In this paper, we propose a novel method of focusing light onto a small region of space by an off-axis HOE that is illuminated from multiple directions in a plane. An off-axis spherical wave generated from a microscopic objective (0.65 NA) is combined with sequentially illuminated five reference waves at the recording plane. A multi-exposure technique is adopted for recording. A comparison between single-exposure and multi-exposure technique is also presented. The design parameters, performance and possible applications of these optical devices are described.     

GaAs光电阴极在不同强度光照下的稳定性

利用多信息量测试系统分别测试了反射式GaAs光电阴极激活后在0(无光照)，33和100lx白光照射情况下阴极的光电流衰减变化曲线，计算得到其寿命分别为320，160和75min，阴极稳定性随光照强度的增加而降低，测试了只有光照(100lx)而无光电流流过阴极时阴极的寿命为100min. 通过比较发现光照比光电流对阴极稳定性的影响更大. 还测试了阴极在33lx光照下量子效率曲线随时间的衰减，发现阴极低能光子的量子效率下降速度更快，导致量子效率曲线形状不断发生变化. 基于修正后的反射式阴极量子效率公式对这种变化进行了理论分析，发现与光电子的谷间散射和阴极衰减过程中表面势垒形状的变化有关.     

Light-induced layer by layer thickening in photosensitive liquid crystal membranes

Photosensitive smectic membranes of pure liquid crystal (LC) were studied under white light illumination. A thickness increase is observed in the illuminated film area. Appropriate light and thermal conditions lead to a thickening layer by layer process. This unusual phenomenon is opposite to the well-known step-by-step thinning transitions under heating. We give a phenomenological interpretation for thickening based on layer transport of LC matter towards the illuminated area.     

Electronic speckle-pattern interferometer using holographic optical elements for vibration measurements

We report a simple, compact electronic speckle-pattern interferometer (ESPI) incorporating holographic optical elements (HOEs) for the study of out-of-plane vibration. Reflection and transmission HOEs provide reference and object beams in the interferometer. The alignment difficulties with conventional ESPI systems are minimized using HOEs. The time-average ESPI subtraction method is used to generate the fringe pattern and remove background speckle noise by introducing a phase shift between consecutive images. The amplitude and phase maps are obtained using path-difference modulation.     

Incoherent holographic imaging through thin turbulent media

We introduce and experimentally demonstrate a new method of computing Fresnel holograms of a real-existing, three-dimensional (3-D) scene hidden behind a thin turbulent medium, and illuminated by incoherent white light. From each perspective point of view, we acquire multiple noisy speckled images through the medium vibrated mechanically. These images are fused together to yield a smoothed perspective projection of the hidden 3-D scene. All smoothed projections are processed to yield a Fresnel hologram of the hidden scene. The 3-D image reconstructed from the hologram is further improved by digital blind deconvolution of each of the 3-D image slices with its own estimated impulse response.     

High-accuracy measurement for small scale specular objects based on PMD with illuminated film

In this paper we describe an approach to measure small glossy objects by illuminated film based on Phase Measuring Deflectometry (PMD) system. In this setup, the standard sinusoidal fringe patterns are produced by the photographic film frame (135-film), which is illuminated from behind using LED and diffuser, instead of the well-known LCD monitor plane or digital projector. This setup can avoid the influence of electronic noise and screen refreshing, and fulfill the test of small objects in low cost. Moreover the system is easily calibrated with its vertical setup. With the experiments of measuring a plastic contactless smartcard and a metal plate, it is proven that the setup can reach sub-micrometer accuracy with respect to the data of the Wyko white light interferometer. This setup will be promising in the small scale measurement field.     

Femtosecond stimulated Raman microscopy

A novel type of non-linear Raman microscopy, femtosecond stimulated Raman microscopy (FSRM), is introduced. It employs femtosecond white light pulses and intense picosecond pulses which are derived from a femtosecond laser/amplifier system. The pulses are coupled into a microscope set-up and induce a stimulated Raman process at the focus. The Raman interaction spectrally modulates the white light. These modulations are read-out in multi-channel fashion and allow recording of a complete Raman spectrum of the focal region. By raster-scanning the sample, complete Raman images can be obtained. Raman images of polystyrene beads in water demonstrate the feasibility of the approach. PACS 42.65.Dr; 42.30.Va; 42.65.Re     

Archival storage of color films by rainbow holographic technique

A technique of generating color holographic images with a one-step rainbow holographic process is described. This technique offers the capability of archival storage of color materials on a single black and white photographic film. The process is very simple to implement and it allows the reconstruction of the color image with a white light source. Although some degree of color blur is inherent with the rainbow holographic process, it can be minimized by the proper design of the optical system. A simple experimental result is also presented.     

一种新的白光光纤传感系统波长解调方法

提出了一种新的白光非本征法布里-珀罗干涉（EFPI）光纤传感系统的干涉谱处理方法,在白光法布里-珀罗干涉光纤传感系统中,一个中心波长为850nm的发光二极管（LED）作为宽谱光源,HR2000高分辨力微型光谱仪用来测量返回的干涉光谱。通过跟踪干涉光谱中的特定谱峰点,法布里-珀罗干涉传感器的腔长值可以被解调出来。应用反向传播神经网络,解决了单峰测量方式的级次模糊问题。反向传播神经网络能够分辨出干涉谱中不同谱峰的干涉级次,因而可以进行多个谱峰的连续跟踪。从而实现了高精密度、大动态范围的测量。进行了基于这种干涉谱处理方法的白光法布里-珀罗干涉传感系统的应变测量实验。利用该传感系统实现了精密度达0．1με,500με范围的应变测量。