光栅衍射效率的二阶标量近似法研究

详细介绍了计算光栅衍射效率的二阶标量近似法,推导出一种简单有效的计算光栅衍射效率的近似公式.给出了利用近似公式对几种情况下光栅衍射效率的计算结果,并与普通标量法、严格矢量法的计算结果进行了比较.     

QL-Born迭代法电磁散射计算

积分方程法是多维电磁响应的数值模拟和反演计算的有效方法之一，在线性化散射电磁场积分方程的基础上，采用迭代Born近似法进行了电导率成像反演，针对迭代Born近似法反演依赖初始模型，而QL近似法无需给定初值的特点，提出了两点法（QL－Born迭代法），用QL近似法计算的结果作为Born迭代法的初始模型，避免人为设置初值，并进行了数值实验。     

离子输运蒙特卡罗模拟的步长选取

介绍带电离子在物质中输运模拟的详细历史法,开发模拟程序ITR(ions transport and reaction),同时实现抽取离子飞行步长的基本方法和脉冲近似法,计算结果与CORTEO及TRIM程序的结果比较符合很好.讨论两种步长选取方法,对脉冲近似法的最大步长进行限制,分析CORTEO程序与TRIM程序计算结果差别的主要原因.ITR同时具有TRIM和CORTEO的优点,采用脉冲近似法减少需要计算的核碰撞次数,通过索引(Index)方法对散射角的计算进行加速,计算效率大幅提高.     

用参数微扰法求解非线性谐振子问题

用参数微扰法求解了一维非线性谐振子及二维非线性耦合谐振子的一级近似本征能量.计算表明,参数微扰法的基态和激发态结果比相应的无参数微扰法的一级近似甚至多级近似结果精度有显著提高.     

矩形波导近似计算椭圆应力包层单模光纤的双折射

提出矩形波导近似,并分别采用Marcatili法和有效折射率法进行计算,得出了数值结果,并将其与大块光学材料近似、修正耦合波理论和微扰法以及精确求解特征方程的结果进行比较.     

精确到二级近似下的量子隧穿概率

利用WKB法将量子隧穿计算到二级近似,给出了二级近似下粒子隧穿势垒的概率.     

超声平面波经颅成像相位校正方法*

超声平面波经颅成像时,由于颅骨对超声传播的影响引起图像质量下降,需要对颅骨造成的超声相位畸变进行校正。为此,该文研究了两种相位补偿方法:基于近似射线声学的理论方法和基于时间反转的数值计算方法,并利用数值仿真对比了两种方法的补偿和成像效果。结果表明:无论使用近似射线法还是时间反转法,都能够有效地校正因颅骨造成的相位畸变;时间反转法成像的精度和结果要好于近似射线法,但所需的计算资源和时间都要远远大于近似射线法;两种方法与平面波相干复合方法结合都能够一定程度上提高成像的对比度和分辨率。该研究结果为超声经颅脑成像方法研究和设备研发提供了理论指导和技术支持。     

自洽平均值近似方法求解三维非线性谐振子的能级和波函数

采用自洽平均值近似法求解三维非线性谐振子的能量本征值,并与其精确解和微扰论结果相比较,结果表明,自洽平均值近似法求得的能量本征值不仅引入的误差较小,且计算过程也得到了简化.     

Au等离子体电子状态方程的理论研究

在改进的平均原子模型的基础上,在中心场近似下用分波法来处理部分自由电子密度分布函数,提高了电子波函数、电子占据数等原子参数的计算精度.通过平均近似处理,给出了劈裂的能带.通过使用分波法来准确计算贵金属Au的电子状态方程.     

Study on Interaction Between Two Parallel Plates with Iteration Method in Functional Theory

利用泛函分析理论中的迭代法，分别计算了平行平板双电层在高、中、低电位下的相互作用能，并以数值法所得结果为参照，在各电位下分别与Debye-Hückel线性近似法、Langmuir近似法所得的结果进行比较．结果表明，DH线性近似法和Langmuir近似法均只能分别局限于极低或极高电位，而泛函迭代法不但有简单的解析表达式，而且在各种电位下都能得到较满意的结果.     

Performance Evaluation of Optical Cross-Connects by Improved Saddlepoint Approximation

Based on the wave theory of light and taken the random polarizations of signal and crosstalk into consideration, bit error rate (BER) and power penalties (PP) of optical cross-connects are calculated using the so-called saddlepoint approximation which is improved. The calculated results agree well with the results of experiment and Gauss approximation, shown highly calculated precision of the improved saddlepoint approximation. We also show that BER and PP for systems with random-polarizations are much smaller than that for systems with matched-polarizations when the number N of crosstalk is large, and the conclusion of near-worst-case operation is true only for N<3, so the impact of random signal and crosstalk polarizations on optical cross-connects must be considered in the design for lightwave networks.     

一种计算光孤子通信系统误码率的新方法

将最陡下降法（又称鞍点法）用于估算使用集总式放大器的超长距离光孤子通信系统的误码率，并将所得结果与高斯近似进行了比较． 关键词：     

Polaron formation and hopping conductivity in the Holstein-Hubbard model

On the basis of the Holstein-Hubbard model the formation of polarons at finite densities is investigated by means of a variational approach appropriate for describing squeezing and correlation effects. An effective Hubbard model for the polarons is derived, where the correlations are treated within the slave-boson saddlepoint approximation. For low enough phonon frequencies, with increasing coupling an abrupt self-trapping transition from light to heavy polarons is found. With increasing density the squeezing effect increases, and the transition is shifted to higher couplings. In the case of an effective Coulomb repulsion, the self-trapping transition is shifted to lower couplings with increasing Hubbard interaction, and the effective polaron mass below the transition is enhanced. In the heavy polaron regime, the frequency-dependent polaron hopping conductivity is calculated. There occur qualitative finite-density and correlation effects on the zero-temperature absorption spectrum which are discussed with respect to their possible relevance to the midinfrared absorption in high-T _c superconductors.     

Longitudinal momentum distributions in stripping reactions with halo nuclei

Differential cross sections and longitudinal momentum distributions of observed particles are calculated for stripping reactions that result from diffractive interaction between halo nuclei and targets. The applicability of different analytic methods of calculation is considered. The advantages of an improved approximation of small target radius are demonstrated for valent halo nucleon absorption radii of 2–4 fm in describing momentum distributions in particular.     

Three-Body Problem of H_2~+ Ion

The Feshbach-Rubinow approximation and its improved versions have been applied to the H2+ ion system.The ground-state energies are calculated with these different methods.The best ground-state energy obtained is only 2% higher than the experimental result.Given the simplicity of the method,this accuracy is quite remarkable.It is shown that the screening effect plays a less significant role and the effective potential between the two protons is probably of most importance in this problem.     

Lattice vibrations induced by a polarizable impurity atom in polar crystals

The effect of a polarizable impurity atom on the frequency of optical vibrations of a polar crystal is calculated. The impurity-lattice interaction is treated by considering lattice polarization as discrete in contrast to earlier methods based on continuum approximation. In the appropriate limit, our result goes over exactly to the result of earlier approximation.     

包含过渡区的等离子体电子状态方程的理论研究

在改进的平均原子模型的基础上，在中心场近似下用分波法来处理部分自由电子密度分布函数，提高了电子波函数、电子占据数等原子参数的计算精度.通过平均近似处理，给出了劈裂的能带，从而改善了物质电子状态方程的计算精度.作为算例，计算了Mo，Au等元素的原子能量、电子压强、熵及定容热容. 关键词： 自洽场原子结构 原子能量     

类氢离子的电荷剥离截面

使用双撞近似和托马斯－费米近似计算了类氢离子Ｌｉ＾２＋和Ｃ＾５＋与中性原子Ｈ和Ｈｅ碰撞的电荷剥离截面。计算结果表明,总截面主要处在０．３５－１０的速度范围,这些载面与ＴｏｓｈｚｏＳｈｉｒａｉ等人计算的结果符合得较好。     

H+,He2+与Li原子碰撞中电子俘获总截面的程函近似计算

采用Li原子价电子的有效势对前置形式程函近似振幅公式进行了修正,提出有效势修正程函近似方法,并对H^＋和He²⁺与Li原子碰撞中的电子俘获总截面进行了计算,取得了与实验比较吻合的结果. 关键词：     

W含温有界下状态方程参数的理论计算

在改进的Hartree-Fock-Slater原子模型的基础上,在中心场近似下用含能带效应的全动态电子判据处理自由电子与束缚电子的密度分布,提高了电子波函数、电子占据数等原子参数的计算精度.通过平均近似处理,给出了劈裂的能带,从而改善了物质电子状态方程的计算精度.结果部分详细计算了W元素的原子能量、电子压强、熵、定容热容及其它热力学参数