光与电子之间能量交换的一个诱因

运用电子云导体模型分析了光与真空中自由电子之间相互作用,分析结果与已有理论一致.结合电子云导体模型对下列情况的分析：氮分子在飞秒强激光作用下的电离、X射线与分子中电子的作用等,可以说明光与电子之间确实存在电磁感应相互作用,光与电子间能量交换的根源之一是它们之间的电磁感应相互作用. 关键词： 电子 光 能量 电磁感应     

氩气折射率的理论计算

本文在考虑了电子间交换相互作用以及内外壳层电子的不同屏蔽效应的基础上,根据变分原理确定了氩原子基态各电子的波函数,并利用电子云导体模型,计算了基态氩气的电子云等效体积和折射率,计算结果与实验值符合的很好。     

氩气折射率的理论计算

本文在考虑了电子间交换相互作用以及内外壳层电子的不同屏蔽效应的基础上,根据变分原理确定了氩原子基态各电子的波函数,并利用电子云导体模型,计算了基态氩气的电子云等效体积和折射率,计算结果与实验值符合的很好.     

光在光轴取向任意条件下的晶体表面透射率

为了分析一束光在晶体表面的能量损失以及两束折射光的能量比,给出了一种求解反射率和透射率的方法。讨论了光从各向同性介质入射到单轴晶体表面时的折射和反射,注意到了e光线与e光波方向的不同,e光折射率与e光波法线折射率的不同,得出了在界面处应该满足的边界方程。在晶体光轴取向任意的条件下,给出了表明各光束间能量关系的折射率和反射率的理论表达式,为晶体器件特性的研究提供了有力的理论工具。数值模拟表明:得到的结果满足能量守恒;反射到各向同性介质中的光的电场(或磁场)与原入射光的电场(或磁场)不再平行;光轴的取向和入射角的大小对折射的o光、e光的能量比有很大的影响。     

蔗糖溶液折射率与浓度关系的理论和实验探究

光在介质中的传播遵循费马原理.在均匀介质中光沿直线传播,非均匀介质中,光的传播轨迹比较复杂.本文以蔗糖溶液为研究对象,设计了光在非均匀介质中传播实验,建立了相关模型,理论分析了溶液折射率随深度(浓度)变化的关系.进行了数据拟合,得出溶液折射率随液体深度变化的表达式.     

艾里光束通过负折射率介质的传输特性

为了研究艾里光束(Airy beams)通过负折射率介质中的传输特性,利用ABCD矩阵光学理论推导出了Airy光束通过负折射率介质的传输解析表达式.利用该解析表达式得到了Airy光束通过负折射率介质的传输特性.计算结果表明,Airy光束通过负折射率介质后的自加速和光强都可以通过负折射率介质的工作频率调控.Airy光束通过负折射率介质的横向偏转系数随传输距离z的增大而加速偏转;同时当传输距离z相同而负折射率介质的工作频率不同时,偏转系数也不相同.Airy光束的强度和偏转度都可以通过负折射率介质的工作频率调控.结果显示可以利用负折射率介质的工作频率方便有效地调控Airy光束,研究结果在光学器件设计和医学科学中都有潜在的应用价值.     

磁处理过程中的能量转换

本文通过理论推导，得出一个结论：磁处理过程中，磁场与被处理介质间的能量交换并没有导致磁场向介质或介质向磁场的静的能量传递，磁场与被处理介质各自保持能量守恒，即磁场对被处理介质没有能量贡献（注：被处理介质为抗磁性物质或顺磁性物质）。     

矩形介质光波导的条形传递函数方法

将条形传递函数方法引入矩形介质光波导传播特性的分析计算,从标量波动方程的变分表达式出发,推导和建立了条形传递函数方法的基本方程和两种应用模型,作为算例,给出了阶跃型折射率分布矩形介质光波导的数值计算结果,并与其它方法进行了比较,表明了此方法的精度及对光波导问题的适用性。     

电流连续的细导体段模型的磁场及电感

传统的载流细导体段模型是分析导体闭合回路磁场的基本模型,尽管不满足电流连续性定律,但适用于导体闭合回路的磁场分析.然而,对于工程中只关注导体闭合回路中某一局部的多分支导体段并联的电流分配问题,传统模型将不能完整地反映各分支导体段之间磁场的相互作用.为此,现有文献提出的位移电流模型,满足了电流连续性定律,较好地解决了上述问题,但是,仍然存在理论不完整、不自洽以及计算公式复杂等问题.本文提出载流细导体段的传导电流模型,确保了载流细导体段在段内、段端及段外的电流连续性.推导出物理内涵更加深刻的总磁场微分方程和矢量磁位计算公式.提出载流细导体段传导电流模型磁场能量和电感的计算公式,极大地降低了计算复杂度,弥补了现有文献的不足.本文算例从模型、公式、计算等方面验证了本文理论和计算公式的正确性.     

光与介质作用下的一种分子电流机制

光与介质分子相互作用是一个活跃的研究领域,新的现象、技术和理论不断出现,原有理论对解释某些新的现象遇到困难.本文应用法拉第电磁感应原理研究了分子中电子云与光波之间的相互作用,提出了在光波作用下介质中存在的一种分子电流机制,这种电流的密度随磁场的时间变化率增加而增大,它不同于介质分子的极化电流和磁化电流.这些工作有助于深入认识光波与介质之间的相互作用.     

Refraction of light in media

The roles of the magnetic field and electric field of the light are investigated when the light is refracted in the medium. The model of the electron cloud conductor is presented. Electron cloud in a molecule is treated as a conductor and the Faraday’s Law is applied to this conductor that is in the alternating magnetic field of the light. dB _M/dt of the light gives rise to an alternating induced current on the electron cloud conductor, and the light exchanges energy, i.e. the refractive energy, with the electron cloud conductor. Formulas of refractive index, which is the ratio of light speed in vacuum to that in the medium, are derived with this model. These formulas are tested with several mediums and Langevin’s diamagnetic susceptibility of helium gas, and the results are in good agreement with the measured data. The anisotropy and the nonlinearity of the refractive index are explained with the theory described in this work. Supported by Beijing Science and Technology New Star Program (Grant No. 952870400), the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education and the Excellent Young Teachers Program of Ministry of Education of China     

Effect of magnetic field of light on refractive index

Light refraction in a medium results from energy exchange between the medium and the magnetic field of the light. Formulas of refractive index, that is, the ratio of light speed in vacuum to light speed in the medium, were derived with the inductor model of electron cloud and the law of energy conservation. Refractive indices of several media were calculated using the formulas derived, and the calculated results are in agreement with the results measured. The anisotropy and the nonlinearity of the refractive index are explained with the theory described in this work.     

Resonance effects for an electron moving in the Redmond field

Exact expressions are obtained for the energy of an electron in the field of a circularly polarized plane electromagnetic wave and a constant magnetic field with allowance for boundary conditions in the case of self-resonance for a medium with refractive index of unity. These expressions can be used to represent in explicit form the dependence of the change in the electron energy on the length of the interaction region and determine the conditions for reflection of particles. The simplest model of a beam is used, and a condition found for the existence and efficiency of the maser effect in a field of a given type.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 6, pp. 42–47, June, 1980.     

强激光场作用下部分离化等离子体的非线性极化

 针对线偏振光场，提出一个原子极化模型。假设原子核为静止不动的正电背景，束缚电子不发生再电离，自由电子与离子也不发生复合，电子对电场的响应是瞬时的，并用旋转椭球来近似描述电子云的形状。通过此模型，可解析地计算出不同电离状态原子的第1阶线性和第3阶非线性极化率、相应的极化电流、以及极化介质（原子）的折射系数。在低场近似下，这些结果可自洽地过渡到传统的非简谐振子模型，并可得到对应的谐振子的固有频率和非线性系数。     

Optical and electronic properties of anisotropic parabolic quantum disks in the presence of tilted magnetic fields

In the present work, the electronic and optical properties of anisotropic parabolic quantum disks are studied in the presence of an applied magnetic field. For this goal, we first obtain the electron energy levels of an anisotropic parabolic quantum disk under axial, tilted, and in-plane magnetic fields. According to the results obtained for the energy levels reveal that there is no degeneracy at zero magnetic field due to symmetry breaking. With increasing the anisotropy, the energy level spacing increases. At a constant anisotropy, the energy levels splitting decreases with increasing tilt angle of magnetic field. The total refractive index changes decrease when the tilt angle of magnetic field and the anisotropy increase. Also, the total absorption coefficients increase as the tilt angle of magnetic field and anisotropy increase.     

Helical Cerenkov effect, a novel radiation source

The observability of the helical Cerenkov effect as a novel radiation source is discussed. Depending on the value of the index of refraction of the medium, the strength of the uniform magnetic field, and the electron beam energy, helical Cerenkov radiation can occur in the same spectral regions as the ordinary Cerenkov effect, that is, from microwave to visible wavelengths. From the kinematics point of view, I argue that for a microwave wavelength of 10^-1cm this effect should be observable in a medium with an index of refraction of 1.4, with a beam energy of 3 MeV, and a uniform magnetic field of 4 T. On the specific level, however, for the sake of simplicity, I discuss the observability of this effect for visible light with the central wavelength of 5×10^-5 cm which can be achieved with 2 MeV in beam energy, silica aerogel as a medium (with an index of refraction of 1.075), and uniform magnetic fields from 5 to 10 T. For a 10-T magnetic field, I calculate that in the visible region of 250 to 750 nm an electron will produce a photon per 10 cm of traveled length. As to the stimulated helical Cerenkov emission, I estimate that respectable gains are possible even if the beam passes close to the dielectric rather than through it. In addition to being potentially a new radiation source, the helical Cerenkov effect could possibly be used as a detector of radiation by energetic electrons that are trapped in a medium by strong magnetic fields     

Probing magnetochirality

Magnetochiral anisotropy refers to the phenomenon that when light is passed through a chiral medium placed in an external magnetic field, the refractive index, or equivalently, the absorption encountered by the light differs depending on whether it travels parallel or antiparallel to the magnetic field. It is a very small effect, the change in refractive index because of this effect alone being of the order of 10⁻¹¹. This effect has recently been measured in an active ring laser interferometer in which the detection scheme convincingly eliminates the contributions from natural optical activity, the Faraday effect and other stray anisotropies in the system. The phenomenon is important in the context of fundamental interactions between light and matter and the governing symmetry principles, and also in biochemistry as one possible explanation for the homochriality of life. An erratum to this article is available at .     

Particle nature of light waves in dielectric media

Wave-particle duality is a foundation for modern science. The speed of light waves in dielectric media is less than c. The corresponding particles thus have mass. Combining wave-particle duality with the theory of relativity, an exactly solvable problem was proposed, concerning the transition from photons in vacuum to particles in dielectric media. The rest mass, the momentum, and the total energy of material particles are shown to be the functions of the refractive index of the medium and the wavelength of the incident light. The proposed relationships were applied to study the wavelength-dependent index of refraction of dielectrics and the correlation of the refractive indices of anisotropic crystals, which were confirmed by the experimental results. Variation of the refractive index with wavelength is found to obey the proposed relation. The refractive indices of anisotropic crystals are shown to be the correlated quantities.