基于原始物理问题的大学物理教学实践

重新给定了原始物理问题的涵义,提出在大学物理教学中有必要引入原始物理问题,并介绍了在大学物理教学中的具体教学实践.     

原始物理问题与传统习题设计的对比研究

原始物理问题较之传统习题能更好地促进学生综合能力的提高, 越来越受到教育者的关注, 本文从设 计意图、 呈现方式、 解决方法3个方面对原始物理问题和传统习题进行比较, 以帮助促进原始物理问题在中学物理 教学中的广泛应用     

物理教学中要加强物理原始问题的训练

通过几个例子说明物理原始问题训练的重要性,并归纳出解决物理原始问题的一般步骤.     

基于原始物理问题的课堂教学实践初探

传统习题教学由于过分强调程序与计算、 熟练与技巧等应试策略而忽视了物理思想的分析, 其教育弊 端已日趋显现. 而原始物理问题则以“ 物理现象” 为核心, 注重“ 对物理直觉的认识、 分析、 判断” 和“ 对原始问题的分 解、 简化、 抽象”的能力培养, 提升学生“ 做学问”的科学素养和思维品质. 笔者以“ 运用牛顿运动定律解决问题1”为 课例将“ 原始物理问题”的教学思想付诸于课堂教学实践, 形成此文, 以飨读者     

用原始问题优化物理教学的实践

论述了高三物理教学中,合理运用原始问题改进丰富学生课堂学习,完善学生物理作业,培养学生问题意识、开发学生创新能力并取得成效.     

物理教学中实际问题向抽象问题引申初探

传统的物理教学注重习题教学, 略去了由实际问题到抽象问题引申的过程, 导致学生面对以物理情境 为背景的习题时往往无从下手. 由实际问题到抽象问题的引申既能引导学生从日常经验中获取信息, 又体现物理以 观察和实验为基础的学科背景, 且符合新课标从生活走向物理的要求. 基于此笔者结合前两年发生的雨后司机溺亡 事件和初中物理液体压强教学环节, 试图通过原始物理问题的介入, 培养学生由实际问题到抽象问题的引申及运用 物理知识分析、 解决实际问题的能力     

基于“层进式问题串”的原始物理问题作业设计

培养学生解决原始物理问题的能力符合物理学科核心素养的育人价值.在作业中巧设“层进式问题串”,增强引导性,有助于学生解决复杂的原始物理问题,提高问题解决能力和培养物理学习兴趣,也有助于保证原始物理问题作业的有效实施与质量,实现作业育人.     

论原始物理问题的评价价值

从事物存在的价值来看，任何事物都是内在价值与工具价值的统一，教学评价也不例外．从内在价值来看，评价为其自身而存在，是人们认知过程中不可缺少的环节；从工具价值来看，评价可以为评价的主体与客体提供丰富的信息，从而实现评价的诊断与调节，甄别与选拔以及导向等多种功能．在物理教学评价中，利用原始物理问题作为评价的载体，既可以充分体现评价的内在价值，又可以充分发挥评价的工具价值，这是由原始物理问题的特点所决定的．     

Mathematica在普通物理教学中的应用

目的:针对高校普通物理的传统课堂教学内容抽象复杂,教学方式较大局限性及学生吸收知识慢、兴趣弱等问题,可适当引入计算机软件支撑教学,丰富课堂,解决以上教学难题。方法:运用Mathematica软件的强大动画和绘图功能,对普通物理教学中振动和波的几个典型问题进行分析。结果:通过将教学软件Mathematica与基础物理知识的讲授教学有机结合,可以将课堂中原始化手工推算的内容直观图像化、动画化,令学生更直观地理解课堂内容。结论:通过对实例的阐述可以看出,将Mathematica引入教学能够帮助学生更快、更好地理解物理知识,同时激发学生对物理知识的浓厚兴趣,培养学生的独立思考能力,使课堂教学更高效。     

利用原始物理问题促进学生学习方式的转变

从“理论世界冶 到“心智世界冶 的直接学习方式,使得学生物理学习效果低下. 根据卡尔·波普尔的“三 个世界冶 理论及科学知识增长论,对“客体世界冶 中的原始物理问题进行分析,发现原始物理问题是连接“理论世 界冶 与“心智世界冶 的有效途径,进而提出以“原始物理问题冶 促进学习方式转变的一般策略     

Physics Without Physics

David Finkelstein was very fond of the new information-theoretic paradigm of physics advocated by John Archibald Wheeler and Richard Feynman. Only recently, however, the paradigm has concretely shown its full power, with the derivation of quantum theory (Chiribella et al., Phys. Rev. A 84:012311, 2011; D’Ariano et al., 2017) and of free quantum field theory (D’Ariano and Perinotti, Phys. Rev. A 90:062106, 2014; Bisio et al., Phys. Rev. A 88:032301, 2013; Bisio et al., Ann. Phys. 354:244, 2015; Bisio et al., Ann. Phys. 368:177, 2016) from informational principles. The paradigm has opened for the first time the possibility of avoiding physical primitives in the axioms of the physical theory, allowing a re-foundation of the whole physics over logically solid grounds. In addition to such methodological value, the new information-theoretic derivation of quantum field theory is particularly interesting for establishing a theoretical framework for quantum gravity, with the idea of obtaining gravity itself as emergent from the quantum information processing, as also suggested by the role played by information in the holographic principle (Susskind, J. Math. Phys. 36:6377, 1995; Bousso, Rev. Mod. Phys. 74:825, 2002). In this paper I review how free quantum field theory is derived without using mechanical primitives, including space-time, special relativity, Hamiltonians, and quantization rules. The theory is simply provided by the simplest quantum algorithm encompassing a countable set of quantum systems whose network of interactions satisfies the three following simple principles: homogeneity, locality, and isotropy. The inherent discrete nature of the informational derivation leads to an extension of quantum field theory in terms of a quantum cellular automata and quantum walks. A simple heuristic argument sets the scale to the Planck one, and the currently observed regime where discreteness is not visible is the so-called “relativistic regime” of small wavevectors, which holds for all energies ever tested (and even much larger), where the usual free quantum field theory is perfectly recovered. In the present quantum discrete theory Einstein relativity principle can be restated without using space-time in terms of invariance of the eigenvalue equation of the automaton/walk under change of representations. Distortions of the Poincaré group emerge at the Planck scale, whereas special relativity is perfectly recovered in the relativistic regime. Discreteness, on the other hand, has some plus compared to the continuum theory: 1) it contains it as a special regime; 2) it leads to some additional features with GR flavor: the existence of an upper bound for the particle mass (with physical interpretation as the Planck mass), and a global De Sitter invariance; 3) it provides its own physical standards for space, time, and mass within a purely mathematical adimensional context. The paper ends with the future perspectives of this project, and with an Appendix containing biographic notes about my friendship with David Finkelstein, to whom this paper is dedicated.     

物理竞赛中的物理图象

图象处理法是物理竞赛中常用的处理方法,主要表现在图象的"面积"与图象的交点两个方面.     

Chinese Physics C(Formerly High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics)

<正>Monthly,founded in 1977Published monthly in hard copy by Science Press and online by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(domestic)and by IOP Publishing,Temple Circus,Temple Way,Bristol BS1 6HG,UK(international).     

Physics Needs Philosophy. Philosophy Needs Physics

Contrary to claims about the irrelevance of philosophy for science, I argue that philosophy has had, and still has, far more influence on physics than is commonly assumed. I maintain that the current anti-philosophical ideology has had damaging effects on the fertility of science. I also suggest that recent important empirical results, such as the detection of the Higgs particle and gravitational waves, and the failure to detect supersymmetry where many expected to find it, question the validity of certain philosophical assumptions common among theoretical physicists, inviting us to engage in a clearer philosophical reflection on scientific method.