一种可控纳米柱阵列的研制

在一次阳极氧化法制备多孔氧化铝(anodized aluminum oxide,AAO)的基础上,进行了二次、三次、四次氧化制备AAO,并对多次氧化制备多孔AAO的电流变化曲线和模板表面的形貌特点等进行了比较分析.二次、三次、四次氧化制备的AAO纳米孔孔径依次增大、孔间距减小,而模板表面的纳米孔有序性分布没有明显变化.控制一次氧化AAO模板的除膜时间,～10 min即可得到孔径规则、高度有序的AAO膜.最后,利用所制备的不同孔深和孔径的AAO为模板,通过热纳米压印复制技术制备了长度和直径等性质可控的PMMA纳米柱阵列. 关键词： 纳米柱阵列 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 多孔氧化铝模板 多次氧化法     

AAO模板吸收光谱变化及红移现象研究

阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板作为一种制备表面增强拉曼散射光谱(SERS)基底的工具被广泛使用。为了制备SERS效果更好的基底, 研究AAO模板自身的属性显得极为重要。本文以0.4 mol/L的草酸为电解液制备出高度有序的AAO模板。发现其吸收光谱在203、250、275 nm处有三个吸收峰, 其中203和275 nm处的吸收峰, 分别由F心(带两个电子的氧空位)和F+心(带一个电子的氧空位)产生。而250 nm处的吸收峰, 由制备过程中引入的草酸根离子产生。并给出了随着退火温度升高250、275 nm的吸收峰消失的合理解释。通过对不同氧化时间、氧化电压下制备的AAO模板吸收光谱的研究, 发现延长氧化时间对AAO模板吸收带边的红移影响不大, 而升高氧化电压则使AAO模板的吸收带边出现了明显红移。表明氧化电压的升高对AAO模板的内部结构及缺陷的变化影响极大。     

Co/AAO纳米有序阵列复合结构的光致发光和光吸收特性

以草酸电解液制备的高度有序的纳米级多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)为模板,采用交流电化学沉积工艺合成了Co/AAO纳米有序阵列复合结构。分别研究了AAO模板和Co/AAO结构的光致发光和光吸收特性。结果表明,AAO模板在350～550nm范围内存在较强的光致发光带,其峰位在395nm处;Co/AAO纳米有序阵列复合结构的光致发射峰位亦在395nm处,且发光峰强度随Co沉积量的增加而迅速减弱。实验发现,Co/AAO纳米有序阵列复合结构的光吸收边从近紫外至近红外的波段范围内发生大幅度红移,最大红移量甚至超过380nm。文章定性分析并解释了Co/AAO纳米有序阵列复合结构吸收边大幅度红移及其光发射峰位不变、而峰强减弱的主要原因。     

多孔阳极氧化铝薄膜光学常数的确定

根据多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)薄膜的实验透射谱(200—2500nm)，采用极值包络线算法确定其光学常数，并由此较精确地计算出AAO薄膜样品在该波段的光学常数.结果表明，多孔氧化铝薄膜表现出直接带隙(能隙约4．5eV)半导体的光学特性，且其光学常数与制样中的重要工艺参数阳极氧化电压有显著的相关性，即随阳极氧化电压的增加，AAO薄膜的厚度、折射率和光学能隙变大，消光系数减小．同时，计算得到的薄膜厚度与实测值相吻合，则说明计算结果和实验值是自洽的. 关键词： 薄膜光学 光学常数 多孔阳极氧化铝 阳极氧化电压     

强辐射源用铜纳米线阵列靶的结构与性能

 采用多孔阳极氧化铝（AAO）模板脉冲电沉积法制备了强辐射源用铜纳米线阵列靶,并用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱（EDS）和X射线衍射（XRD）对其进行了结构表征。结果表明：去除AAO模板后铜纳米线平均直径比去除AAO模板前的平均孔径大32%,长度缩短5%。对电沉积2 000 s的样品进行铜纳米线长度分布表征,结果显示:距离模板圆心越远,铜纳米线越长。与超短脉冲激光相互作用实验结果表明:纳米线平均长度在18~50 μm范围内,铜Kα光子产额先随纳米线长度增加而增加,当长度大于33 μm时,铜Kα光子产额开始下降。     

含钴阳极氧化铝膜的磁致偏光特性

用电化学法制备了高度有序的多孔阳极氧化铝模板,选用CoSO4溶液为电解液,用交流电化学沉积法在多孔阳极氧化铝的柱形微孔内制备含钴纳米线有序阵列.分别用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪对多孔阳极氧化铝模板和纳米线阵列的微观形貌和结构进行分析,结果显示阳极氧化铝膜内确有钴生成,且钴纳米线中的晶粒在生长过程中有(100)晶面...     

阳极氧化铝模板表面自组织条纹的形成

对未经化学抛光处理的Al进行阳极氧化得到阳极氧化铝模板，发现Al表面形成了条纹与多孔阵列共存的自组织结构，用原子力显微镜对这种结构进行了研究.借助Brusselator模型对条纹的形成机理进行了讨论，认为条纹图案是Al表面氧化层/电解液界面的Al₂O₃在整个反应过程中的生成和溶解两个过程相互竞争导致的，只有在特定的反应条件才会出现高度有序的结构. 关键词： 氧化铝模板（AAO） 原子力显微镜（AFM） 自组织条纹 Brusselator模型     

电子束蒸发法在多孔氧化铝膜上制备银纳米点阵列

采用二步阳极氧化法在草酸溶液中制备了高度有序的多孔阳极氧化铝(Porous Anodic Alumina,PAA)薄膜。以多孔氧化铝薄膜为模板,采用真空电子束蒸发的方法在多孔氧化铝模板上制备出了高度有序的金属银纳米点阵列体系。扫描电镜(SEM)测试结果表明,所制备的金属银纳米点阵列与多孔阳极氧化铝膜的多孔阵列具有完全相同的有序结构,阵列中银纳米颗粒的形状接近球形,其直径大约为70nm,与氧化铝模板的孔径基本一致。研究了高度有序银纳米点阵列的形成过程。     

新型氧化铝模板自组装制备非晶碳纳米点阵列膜及其场发射性能研究

通过对阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板进行特殊扩孔处理,消除了AAO模板中带电阴离子对沉积碳离子的不良影响,利用磁过滤阴极弧等离子体沉积技术成功制备了非晶碳纳米尖点阵列膜.场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)分析表明,经过氧化和扩孔多步处理制备的AAO模板具有特殊的开口结构,制备的非晶碳纳米尖点阵列完整地复制了AAO模板的孔道阵列结构,纳米点排列整齐有序,直径约100nm,密度达1010cm-2,样品的场发射测试显示,非晶碳纳米点阵列具有良好的电子发射性能,发射电流为10mA/cm-2时的阈值电场为3.7V/μm.     

铜钴合金纳米有序阵列的光学特性

用电化学法制备了高度有序的多孔阳极氧化铝模板, 选用CoSO4和CuSO4的混合溶液为电解液,用交流电化学沉积法在多孔阳极氧化铝的柱形微孔内制备铜钴合金纳米线有序阵列.分别用扫描电镜(SEM),X 射线衍射仪(XRD)对多孔氧化铝模板和纳米线阵列的微观形貌和结构进行分析.结果显示,制备的合金纳米线表面光滑、均匀,纳米线中的晶粒在长过程中有(111) 晶面的择优取向.用UV3101分光光度计测试了铜钴合金多孔铝复合结构的透射光谱及偏振光谱表明,合金纳米复合结构在可见及近红外波段具有良好的透射比和消光比;铜钴合金纳米复合结构的确能够改善单一金属的特性,比如在近红外光区,其消光比(30 dB)优于铜纳米复合结构(17 dB).     

Silver nanorods used to promote SERS as a quantitative analytical tool

We have fabricated silver nanorod arrays by electrodepositing the nanorods evenly in the shallow pores of porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. The diameter and length were 28 and 44 nm, respectively. The maxima of the transverse and longitudinal modes of the surface plasmon were near 417 and 511 nm, respectively. A good surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectrum was observed by excitation with the 514.5‐nm laser line. The SERS intensity increased almost linearly upon malachite green isothiocyanate adsorption on the tips of the silver nanorods as the concentration of the mother solutions increased. Our results show that silver nanorods fabricated on AAO templates could be used as an SERS substrate for quantitative analyses. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

硫酸根离子对草酸-硫酸混合酸中制备的多孔阳极氧化铝光致发光特性的影响

采用电化学阳极氧化法,分别在草酸、硫酸及两者不同浓度比的混合酸中制备了AAO薄膜样品,并分别观察了在250,296 nm光激发下的光致发光(PL)特性。结果表明:草酸和混合酸中制备的AAO薄膜,在250~550 nm范围内的光致发光与不同存在或分布形式的草酸杂质形成的发光中心相关。硫酸根离子对混合酸中制备的AAO薄膜的PL特性有很大影响,随硫酸根离子浓度的增加发光峰位逐渐蓝移。分析了出现上述实验现象的原因。     

银纳米阵列直径对SERS增强效果的影响

采用电化学沉积法分别在不同孔径的阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板上沉积一系列直径不同,排列规则的银纳米阵列。以对氨基苯甲酸(PABA)和三聚氰胺两种分子分别作为探针分子, 研究了银纳米阵列的直径大小对其表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)效果的影响。结果表明, 在波长为514.5 nm的激光激发下, 探针分子的SERS信号强度随银纳米阵列直径的改变而明显变化, 并在银纳米阵列直径约为53 nm时, SERS强度达到最大。利用电磁增强机制对此实验结果进行了分析和解释。     

Electrodeposition and magnetic properties of Ni nanowire arrays on anodic aluminum oxide/Ti/Si substrate

Ni nanowire arrays with different diameters have now been extended to directly fabricate in porous anodic alumina oxide (AAO) templates on Ti/Si substrate by direct current (DC) electrodeposition. An aluminum film is firstly sputter-deposited on a silicon substrate coated with a 300 nm Ti film. AAO/Ti/Si substrate is synthesized by a two-step electrochemical anodization of the aluminum film on the Ti/Si substrate and then used as template to grow Ni nanowire arrays with different diameters. The coercivity and the squareness in parallel direction of Ni nanowires with about 10 nm diameters are 664 Oe and 0.90, respectively. The Ni nanowire arrays fabricated on AAO/Ti/Si substrates should lead to practical applications in ultrahigh-density magnetic storage devices because of the excellent properties.     

A comparative study of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering from silver‐coated anodic aluminum oxide and porous silicon

Three types of Ag‐coated arrays from porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) were prepared and studied as substrates for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). They were compared with Ag‐coated porous silicon (PSi) samples. AAO‐based substrates were prepared by the vapor deposition of silver directly onto the surface of porous AAO with different morphologies of the pores, whereas SERS‐active island films on the PSi were prepared by immersion plating. The resulting metallic nanostructures were characterized by UV‐vis absorption spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thermal evaporation leads to the formation of granular arrays of Ag nanoparticles on the surface of AAO. SERS activity of the substrates was tested using water‐soluble cationic Zn(II)‐tetrakis (4‐N‐methylpyridyl) porphyrin (ZnTMPyP4) as a probe molecule. The results indicate that all AAO‐based substrates studied here exhibit some degree of SERS activity. Noteworthy, for excitation at 532 nm, signals from AAO‐based substrates were comparable with those from the PSi‐based ones, whereas for 441.6 nm excitation they were about twice higher. The strongest SERS‐enhancement at 441.6 nm excitationwas provided by the AAO substrates with silver deposited on the monolith (originally nonporous) side of AAO. Preferential SERS‐enhancement of the bands ascribed to the vibrations of the N‐methylpyridinium group of ZnTMPyP4 when going to blue excitation was found. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Simple fabrication of hexagonally well-ordered AAO template on silicon substrate in two dimensions

In this study, thin anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates both on silicon substrates (AAO template/SiO₂/Si) and Ti-coated silicon substrates (AAO template/Ti/SiO₂/Si) were developed for design of magnetic, electronic and optoelectronic devices, chemical sensors and chip-scale lithium-ion rechargeable microbatteries. Two types of AAO template were prepared by using a two-step anodization procedure. The templates were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The obtained thin AAO templates were approximately 50 nm in diameter and 700 nm in length with 80-nm interpore distances in a relatively large area of 6 cm². A barrier layer of the AAO templates was removed by a cathodic polarization method in KCl solution for several seconds. The current–time transient during removing the alumina barrier layer of the thin AAO template and the mechanism of electrochemical dissolution of the barrier layer are given in detail.     

FePt nano-stripes fabricated on anodic aluminum oxide templates

A new Fe Pt nanostructure with stripe-like patterns has been prepared by direct current(DC) magnetron sputtering on anodic aluminum oxide(AAO) templates. AAO templates anodized under low voltages(7 V) demonstrate self-organized,maze-like patterns, different from the conventional porous structures obtained at high voltages. Fe Pt thin films deposited on such templates tend to replicate the morphology of the templates. Although there is no obvious spatial ordering, the dimensions of the Fe Pt nano-stripes are highly uniform, due to the constrained growth along the transverse direction of the AAO pattern. The magnetic properties are strongly influenced by this unique morphology. While continuous films demonstrate strong exchange coupling, the dominant interaction in Fe Pt nano-stripes with the same nominal thickness is magnetostatic. The morphology also dictates the magnetization reversal behaviors, with thin films dominated by domain nucleation; while nano-stripes incline to reverse their magnetization by spin rotation. Our work demonstrates that selforganized AAO templates can be used to control the morphology and magnetic behavior of Fe Pt materials.