FBS Colloquium Hyperspherical-Harmonics Methods for Few-Body Problems

A review of hyperspherical-harmonics (HH) methods from the standpoint of their applications is given. In the first lecture, the symmetrized and unsymmetrized HH bases and symmetrization methods are presented. The physical obstacles to the straightforward application of the HH expansion are discussed, and expansion acceleration methods are described. In the second lecture, the main HH methods are described, including the correlation function hyperspherical harmonic method (CFHHM), the potential harmonic (PH) methods, and the correlated HH methods (PHH, CHH). The third lecture discusses the advantages and limitations of different HH methods in applications, and compares the results for specific few-body problems obtained by HH methods as well as non-HH methods.     

高聚物红外光谱分析制样方法的改进

介绍了高聚物样品的常规制样方法，并指出了各种方法的不足之处，提出了一些改进的制样方法。通过对比得出结论：在谱图质量上，改进的制样方法所测谱图同ATR法以及常规制样方法所测谱图基一致，但改进的方法操作简单、省时、成本低、弥补了常规制样方法的不足。     

透明体的光学定量测量

综述了使用光学方法测量透明体的方法。介绍了两种常用的光学方法——相衬法和微分干涉相衬法。在 2 0世纪 80年代 ,一般认为相衬法和微分干涉相衬法只适用于定性观察而不能实现定量测量 ,主要是因为在其成像原理中的非线性因素的影响。但是对于微分干涉相衬法 ,最近国内外出现了几种定量测量的方法 ,本文对这几种方法进行了总结和比较。     

Newton-conjugate-gradient methods for solitary wave computations

In this paper, the Newton-conjugate-gradient methods are developed for solitary wave computations. These methods are based on Newton iterations, coupled with conjugate-gradient iterations to solve the resulting linear Newton-correction equation. When the linearization operator is self-adjoint, the preconditioned conjugate-gradient method is proposed to solve this linear equation. If the linearization operator is non-self-adjoint, the preconditioned biconjugate-gradient method is proposed to solve the linear equation. The resulting methods are applied to compute both the ground states and excited states in a large number of physical systems such as the two-dimensional NLS equations with and without periodic potentials, the fifth-order KdV equation, and the fifth-order KP equation. Numerical results show that these proposed methods are faster than the other leading numerical methods, often by orders of magnitude. In addition, these methods are very robust and always converge in all the examples being tested. Furthermore, they are very easy to implement. It is also shown that the nonlinear conjugate gradient methods are not robust and inferior to the proposed methods.     

应用于高性能光学薄膜表征的光热光声检测技术

本文介绍了光热与光声探测技术的基本原理,结合光学薄膜的吸收测试、光学薄膜的激光辐照特性表征、激光损伤特性表征以及光学薄膜的机械性质表征等各种具体应用,对激光量热法、光热偏转法、表面声波法等典型的光热、光声检测方法进行了分析;阐述了这些方法的测试原理以及各自优势与不足。介绍了该领域利用这些方法取得的一些成果,并就光声光热检测技术的发展趋势做了展望。     

高分辨显微镜纳米云纹方法的发展与应用

介绍了近年来发展的纳米云纹法及其新的应用。这些方法是基于原子力显微镜、扫描隧道显微镜和透射电子显微镜的原理提出来的。纳米云纹法能够对物体的微/纳观变形提供定量的分析。详述了这些方法的测量原理和实验技术,并进行了新的应用研究。实验结果论证了这些方法的可行性,并证实了这些方法具有纳米级的位移测量灵敏度。     

Using the procedure of spectral projection for reactivity determination in physically large nuclear reactors

The reactivity determination methods which are based on the neutron field reconstruction procedure and the spectral-projection method are analyzed. The approximate methods of reactivity determination which can be used in practice are offered. The efficiency of the proposed methods in comparison to that of the methods applied in operation of nuclear power plants is demonstrated using computational models.     

High resolution methods for delay estimation

I.IntroductionInapplicationssuchasradar,sonar,geo1ogica1cxplorationandmedica1image,it'sncccs-sarytoobtainthecharacteristicsofscattcrcrs(targetS)fromactiveechoes.Oneofthecharacter-isticsisthede1ayparametersbctweenmultip1etargets.Thus,wcarefacedwiththeprob1cmsofresolvjnganunknownnumberofc1oseIy,over1appcdandnoisyechoesofasignalwiththeshapeprioriknown,andestimatingthedelayparametcrs.Ingeneral,anachvcechocscanbere-gardedasaconvolutionmode1x(t)=s(t)*h(t) w(t)(l)wherex(t)istheechowave,s(t)isthecmi…     

双棱镜干涉中虚光源的测量方法对实验的影响简

采用两种不同的方法分别测量了双光束干涉法中两个虚光源之间的距离,并对两种方法对实验结果的误差影响进行了比较分析,分析表明两种方法各有优劣,分别适合不同类型的学生。     

Investigation of Constrained Systems with Singular Higher-Order Lagrangians

Constrained Hamiltonian systems with singular higher-order Lagrangians are investigated by using two methods: the Dirac's and the Hamilton-Jacobi methods. Three examples are studied and it is shown that the equations of motion which are obtained by these two methods are in exact agreement.