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随着京都议定书和蒙特利尔议定书的执行,寻找HCFCs制冷剂的替代制冷剂成了当务之急。环保制冷剂HFO-1234yf的ODP为0,GWP为4,已经在欧洲国家应用于汽车空调中替代R134a。文中对HFO-1234yf替代R22进行理论循环分析对比。通过理论分析,结果发现:标准工况下HFO-1234yf单位制冷量比R22低37.6%,单位容积制冷量低47.6%,同时排气温度比R22低23.78℃,在高温环境中有利于压缩机的运行,适用于高温工况。高温工况下HFO-1234yf单位制冷量比R22低31.9%,排气温度低21.71℃,使用HFO-1234yf替代R22需要增加制冷剂充注量,并加大压缩机工作容积。同时对润滑油分析表明,HFO-1234yf可以使用PAG、POE及PVE润滑油,与矿物油的互溶性还需要进一步研究。 相似文献
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目前汽车空调常用的制冷剂四氟乙烷(R134a)存在较高的温室效应指数(GWP=1 300),会对环境造成不利的影响。将R1234yf和RE170以质量配比为70:30组成新型混合制冷剂(代号NCUR04)应用于汽车空调中,通过热力学性质、环境特性、循环性能、安全特性、润滑特性方面综合考虑替代R134a的可行性,并与潜在替代制冷剂R1234yf进行对比。研究表明:NCUR04环境性能、热力学性质较R134a和R1234yf优异;单位质量制冷量分别比R134a和R1234yf高24.7%和66.2%;单位容积制冷量比R134a低4.5%,比R1234yf高5.9%;能效比(COP)分别比R134a和R1234yf高1.4%和8.8%;排气温度比R134a低2.4℃,比R1234yf高5.5℃;与POE润滑油互溶性良好。因此,NCUR04替代R134a用于汽车空调具有可行性。 相似文献
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汽车空调系统中使用较多的制冷剂是R134a,但其GWP(全球变暖潜能值)高达1300,R1234yf作为一种新型制冷剂,其GWP仅为4,且具有与R134a相似的热力学性质。基于动磁式无油直线压缩机对R1234yf和R134a两种制冷剂的性能进行了试验分析,结果表明,当换热器温度分别为-3℃(蒸发器)、40℃(冷凝器)时,R1234yf和R134a的冷却能力分别为92 W和117 W;在冷凝器温度为50℃时,R1234yf的冷却性能与R134a几乎相同。验证了R1234yf替代R134a的可行性。 相似文献
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《低温与超导》2016,(8)
太阳能喷射制冷系统具有变工况间歇性工作特点,优良制冷工质特性是太阳能喷射制冷系统获得良好循环性能至关重要条件。因此,优化选择绿色环保替代工质对扩大太阳能喷射制冷系统工作温区和寻找太阳能喷射制冷系统的最佳变工况工作特性具有重要理论意义。文中在建立改进型太阳能喷射制冷系统热力学模型基础上,研究了以R161、R1234yf、R152a、R290、R134a及R600a为制冷剂的太阳能喷射制冷系统变工况热力学特性。结果表明,以R161为制冷剂的太阳能喷射制冷系统的性能系数平均(COP)值最高,其变工况循环性能明显优于R134a和R600a等制冷工质;绿色环保新型制冷剂R161是适用于喷射制冷系统变工况运行的优良替代工质。 相似文献
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L20制冷剂是基于HFO制冷剂R1234ze(E)开发出的新型低GWP非共沸制冷剂,用于替代R22。其组成成分为R32、R152a和R1234ze(E),ODP值为0,GWP值为295。对其热物理性质、制冷循环理论计算以及替代R22时CO2减排率进行了分析。结果表明,除了有较大的滑移温度以外,L20和R22有相似的饱和蒸气压力-温度曲线,其导热系数高于R22;在空调标准工况下其单位质量制冷量为R22的115%,单位容积制冷量与R22的基本一致;压缩机排气温度比R22低2.2℃。在替代R22时,可减少86%的CO2排放量。 相似文献
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主要利用NIST8.0软件,针对R23/R134 a,R23/R600 a,R23/R125,R23/R14等二元混合工质在Linde-Hampson循环下进行了理论分析,设计一套可制得-60℃的单级压缩节流回热循环系统。通过对工质成分特性分析对比,研究其对循环的热力学性能的影响规律,得到了最佳制冷剂组合。 相似文献
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In this study, the performances of R152a, R161, and R1234yf with very low global warming potential were investigated theoretically as alternatives to R134a in vapor compression refrigeration systems. The results obtained showed that the saturation vapor pressures for R152a and R1234yf are very close to that of R134a, which indicates similar properties, while that of R161, between the temperature range of ?30 to 40°C, deviated significantly by 49.2%. R152a emerged as the most energy efficient of the investigated refrigerants with average power per ton of refrigeration (PPTR) of 30.5% less than that of R134a. R152a and R161 exhibited a higher volumetric refrigerating capacity (VRC) and coefficient of performance (COP) than R134a. The highest COP was obtained using R152a in the system with an average value of 43.5% higher than that of R134a, while the average COPs for R161 and R1234yf are 4.8% higher and 7.1% lower, respectively. Generally, R152a performed better than the other two alternatives as R134a substitute in that it has similar saturation pressure as R134a, exhibited lowest PPTR, very high VRC, and highest COP. Major system redesign will be required before R161 can be employed as R134a substitute. Also, low performance of R1234yf in terms of PPTR, VRC and COP will increase its indirect contributions to global warming. 相似文献
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An experimental study of condensation heat transfer characteristics of flow inside horizontal micro-fin tubes is carried out using R410A, R22, and R32 as the test fluids. This study especially focuses on the influence of heat transfer area upon the condensation heat transfer coefficients. The test sections were made of double tubes using the counter-flow type; the refrigerants condensation inside the test tube enabled heat to exchange with cooling water that flows from the annular side. The saturation temperature and pressure of the refrigerants were measured at the inlet and outlet of the test sections to defined state of refrigerants, and the surface temperatures of the tube were measured. A differential pressure transducer directly measured the pressure drops in the test section. The heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops were calculated using the experimental data. The condensation heat transfer coefficient was measured at the saturation temperature of 48°C with mass fluxes of 50–380 kg/(m2s) and heat fluxes of 3–12 kW/m2. The values of experimental heat transfer coefficient results are compared with the predicted values from the existing correlations in the literature, and a new condensation heat transfer coefficient correlation is proposed. 相似文献
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基于换热器几何结构参数以及流路布置等相同的3HP商用空调,在空调工况下,研究了相对湿度对R22替代制冷剂R407C、R410A、R32以及R290在蒸发器内的流动和传热性能的影响规律。研究表明:在一定的条件下,增加环境相对湿度,这五种制冷剂对应蒸发器换热量、压降和质量流量均增加,其中R407C蒸发器换热量最大,R290和R32蒸发器压降和制冷剂质量流量均小于R22蒸发器。在低湿度环境下(约20—30%相对湿度),显热换热占主导因素。随着相对湿度的增加,显然换热减少,潜热换热增强且起主导因素。在满足换热量的要求下,R290在协调压降与质量流量具有一定的优势且满足现行工质替代理念,可以作为现有商用空调的环保型替代工质。 相似文献