Numerical simulation of nonlinear magnetic-mechanical-electric coupling effect in laminated magnetoelectric composites

Considering the significant nonlinear magnetoelectric (ME) characteristics in laminated ME composites, we build a numerical model of magnetic-mechanical-electric coupling effect based on the nonlinear magnetostrictive constitutive relation. The change of the ME field coefficients with bias magnetic field predicted by this model shows good agreement with the experimental result, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Furthermore, this paper considers and predicts the magnetoelectric conversion charateristics of laminated ME composites, calculates and analyzes the influence of the thickness ratio of magnetostrictive layer, the geometrical size of laminated composites, the saturation magnetization, and the types of piezoelectric materials on the ME conversion coefficient of ME laminated composites. We believe that this research provides a theoretical basis for the production of magnetoelectric devices with good magnetoelectric conversion characteristics.     

Polarity of magnetic field related magnetoelectric effects in heterotypic composite system of lead zirconate titanate and Terfenol-D

Using the idea of “stress-field-controlled graded ferroelectrics”, a ring-shaped composite system of Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃/Terfenol-D was fabricated. The magnetoelectric coupling of the composite was investigated. A resonant peak was observed at frequency of 69.6 kHz. The magnetoelectric frequency spectrum was found to relate to the polarity of the applied magnetic field, resulting in positive and negative magnetoelectric effects around the resonant point. Analysis shows that elastic resonance of the composite decides the resonant frequency and the magnetostrictive state of the Terfenol-D was responsible for the magnetoelectric coupling at different frequencies.     

Direct and inverse magnetoelectric effect in layered composites in electromechanical resonance range: A review

A model is presented for the increase in magnetoelectric (ME) coupling in magnetostrictive-piezoelectric bilayers in the electromechanical resonance region. The ME voltage coefficients α_E have been estimated for transverse field orientations corresponding to minimum demagnetizing fields and maximum α_E. We solved the equation of medium motion taking into account the magnetostatic and elastostatic equations, constitutive equations, Hooke's law, and boundary conditions. The resonance enhancement of ME voltage coefficient for the bilayer is obtained at antiresonance frequency. To obtain the inverse ME effect, a pick up coil wound around the sample is used to measure the ME voltage due to the change in the magnetic induction in magnetostrictive phase. The measured static magnetic field dependence of ME voltage has been attributed to the variation in the piezomagnetic coefficient for magnetic layer. The frequency dependence of the ME voltage shows a resonance character due to the longitudinal acoustic modes in piezoelectric layer. The model is applied to specific cases of cobalt ferrite–lead zirconate titanate and nickel–lead zirconate titanate bilayers. Theoretical ME voltage coefficients versus frequency profiles are in agreement with data.     

铁电/铁磁三相颗粒复合材料的磁电性能计算

采用格林函数方法给出了三相复合材料的磁电系数的解析式，对稀土-铁合金/压电陶瓷/高分子（Terfenol-D/PZT/PVDF）三相颗粒复合材料的磁电系数进行了计算.计算结果给出了复合材料的磁电性能与材料显微结构的关系，包括三相颗粒复合材料的磁电性能随组分、颗粒的长径比、PZT颗粒的电极化方向以及外磁场的变化趋势，可为实验设计提供参考和指导.通过合理设计，三相磁电复合材料的性能可以达到数百mV/A.作为一种新的磁电复合材料，三相颗粒复合材料有望成为一种新型高性能易制备的磁电材料. 关键词： 磁电效应 复合材料 格林函数     

有限输入阻抗下压电/磁伸层叠材料磁电效应理论及实验

将磁致伸缩材料及压电材料本构方程与运动方程结合,考虑压电材料具有的高输出阻抗的特点及测试设备的有限输入阻抗和传输信号引线电容对磁电效应输出电压的影响,推出了Terfenol-D巨磁伸材料与横向极化Pb(Zr_1-xTi_x)O₃压电材料的磁电效应理论,研制了由一维磁伸材料构成的三明治结构元件并对其性能进行了测试,采用考虑了测试系统有限输入阻抗后建立的磁电效应理论结果与实验结果更符合.理论结果表明磁电元件在有限输入阻抗 关键词： 磁电效应 有限输入阻抗 压电/磁伸复合 一维磁伸材料     

Study of magnetic properties and magnetoelectric effect in (x) Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4+(1−x)PZT composites

Magnetoelectric (ME) composites consisting of ferrite phase (x) Ni_0.5Zn_0.5Fe₂O₄+ferroelectric phase (1−x)Pb Zr_0.8Ti_0.2O₃ (Lead Zirconate Titanate—PZT) in which x (mol%) varies between 0 and 1 (0.0≤x≤1.0) was synthesized by double sintering ceramic method. The presence of constituent phases of ferrite, ferroelectric and their composites was confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies. The hysteresis measurement was used to study magnetic properties such as saturation magnetization (M_S) and magnetic moment (μ_B). The existence of single domain (SD) particle in the ferrite phase and mixed (SD+MD) particle in the composites was studied from AC susceptibility measurements. ME voltage coefficient for each mol% of ferrite phase was measured as a function of applied DC magnetic field and at the same time influence of magnetic field on ME response and resistivity of composites was studied. The maximum ME voltage coefficient of 0.84 mV/cm Oe was observed for 15% of ferrite phase and 85% of ferroelectric phase in the composites.     

Anomalous dispersion in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction: Experiments and modeling

We report results on dispersion relations and instabilities of traveling waves in excitable systems. Experiments employ solutions of the 1,4-cyclohexanedione Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction confined to thin capillary tubes which create a pseudo-one-dimensional system. Theoretical analyses focus on a three-variable reaction-diffusion model that is known to reproduce qualitatively many of the experimentally observed dynamics. Using continuation methods, we show that the transition from normal, monotonic to anomalous, single-overshoot dispersion curves is due to an orbit flip bifurcation of the solitary pulse homoclinics. In the case of “wave stacking”, this anomaly induces attractive pulse interaction, slow solitary pulses, and faster wave trains. For “wave merging”, wave trains break up in the wake of the slow solitary pulse due to an instability of wave trains at small wavelength. A third case, “wave tracking” is characterized by the non-existence of solitary waves but existence of periodic wave trains. The corresponding dispersion curve is a closed curve covering a finite band of wavelengths.     

Mild synthesis of a Zn(II) metal organic polymer and its hybrid with activated carbon: Application as antibacterial agent and in water treatment by using sonochemistry: Optimization,kinetic and isotherm study

In this work, a room temperature and short method (30 min) for synthesis of nanosized rod-like metal organic polymer (MOP) has been described. Reaction of 1,4-phenylenedioxy diacetic acid with zinc salt leads to the formation of [Zn(C₁₀H₈O₆)(H₂O)₄]_n and subsequently was loaded on activated carbon following sonication and structurally characterized by FTIR, SEM, EDX and XRD analysis. The combination of this new composite with sonication was applied for rapid and efficient adsorption of Bromocresol Purple (BCP). Effects of initial BCP concentration, mass of adsorbent and sonication time on response were investigated and optimized by central composite design (CCD). Analysis of variation (ANOVA) was adapted to experimental data to find best optimum conditions which was set at 15.22 mg L⁻¹, 2.41 min, 0.02 g and 0.009 mg for initial BCP concentration, sonication time and adsorbent mass, respectively. Conduction of similar experiments at specified condition permit achievement of 98.69% removal percentage. 1,4-phenylenedioxy diacetic acid and Zn(NO3)₂.4H₂O which have applied for preparation of MOP are interesting antibacterial properties and accordingly MOP was screened in vitro for their antibacterial actively against Proteus vulgaris bacteria and experimental results reveal this MOP was able to inhibit growth of the tested bacteria. The experimental data were best fitted by pseudo-second order and Langmuir for kinetic model and the adsorption equilibrium isotherm, respectively.