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1.
小波变换与高斯拟合在光谱重叠峰解析中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用小波变换对小波低频系数置零、高频系数阈值量化,实现了光谱信号的基线校正和谱线去噪;对光谱信号进行多尺度小波变换,搜寻各层小波系数模极值所构成的脊线,并对其中复合脊线进行校正,脊线中小波尺度参量最大时所对应的位置即为峰位;根据得到的峰位值,在最小二乘意义下寻找由多个单峰高斯函数叠加而成的最佳拟合光谱,得到谱峰峰强以及峰宽信息.利用该算法对含有基线漂移和随机噪声的光谱重叠峰进行解析,结果表明该算法能够较好地分离重叠峰,其中利用多尺度小波变换求解得到的峰位值偏差在±1.3以内,通过高斯拟合得到的峰强值偏差不超过8.5%.与现有算法求解得到的谱峰信息对比可知,本文所设计的光谱重叠峰解析算法具有一定优势.  相似文献   

2.
探地雷达反问题的小波-同伦混合反演算法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
构造一种求解探地雷达反问题的小波一同伦混合反演算法.利用小波将反问题分解到不同尺度上,在最大尺度上采用同伦反演方法.求得次级尺度的初始近似解,在其余尺度上进行多次迭代修正,以获得全局最小点.算法结合小波反演和同伦反演的优点,数值结果表明其具有较强的全局搜索能力.  相似文献   

3.
针对瞬态信号方位估计问题,提出了基于连续小波变换的多重信号分类测向算法(CWT_MUSIC)。首先由信号特征确定小波尺度参数,构造Morlet小波,对信号进行小波变换,利用获得的小波变换系数建立多分辨时频阵列信号模型,并据此模型设计基于子空间的MUSIC算法以实现瞬态信号的波达方向估计;然后对该算法的多分辨与误差性能进行分析,最后仿真实验和实际爆炸试验验证了所提出的CWT_MUSIC算法能有效地提高空间谱的分辨率和DOA估计性能。   相似文献   

4.
基于三次样条插值的图像多尺度方向边缘重构   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了检测小结构的轮廓以及大目标的边缘,将多尺度边缘检测与小波变换有机地结合起来,利用小波分析方法来研究信号的多尺度边缘特征。针对图像信号的多尺度边缘检测和重构问题,利用二进小波变换的多尺度分析特性,定义了图像在水平和垂直方向的多尺度边缘。同时,利用三次样条插值算法,提出了一种由二进小波变换在水平和垂直方向的极值重构图像信号的算法。实验结果显示多尺度重建方法与著名的交替投影算法相比,算法复杂度低,图像重建速度提高了20倍,而且重建图像质量较好,其峰值信噪比提高了1 dB以上。  相似文献   

5.
分析了基于小波变换进行弱小目标检测的基本思想,利用小波变换的多尺度多分辨率特性,结合小波变换系数的方向特性和扩散滤波扩散方向的可选择性,提出了基于小波域扩散滤波的弱小目标检测算法。采用该算法对不同尺度、不同方向的小波系数分别进行扩散滤波,取得了较好的效果。仿真试验结果表明:该算法能在Gaussian噪声背景和不均匀背景下实现对对比度为2%的微弱目标的检测。  相似文献   

6.
基于小波域扩散滤波的弱小目标检测   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
刘伟宁 《中国光学》2011,4(5):503-508
分析了基于小波变换进行弱小目标检测的基本思想,利用小波变换的多尺度多分辨率特性,结合小波变换系数的方向特性和扩散滤波扩散方向的可选择性,提出了基于小波域扩散滤波的弱小目标检测算法。采用该算法对不同尺度、不同方向的小波系数分别进行扩散滤波,取得了较好的效果。仿真试验结果表明:该算法能在Gaussian噪声背景和不均匀背景下实现对对比度为2%的微弱目标的检测。  相似文献   

7.
针对黑体辐射反问题,提出将其离散为线性不适定问题,利用小波变换方法进行数值求解.将小波变换和正则化方法相结合,利用小波函数的紧支撑性,将原不适定问题转化为粗子空间上的适定问题.数值模拟结果表明方法可行,重构区域温度分布有效.  相似文献   

8.
基于非抽样Contourlet变换的彩色图像数字水印算法   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
梁栋  殷兵  于梅  李新华  王年 《光学学报》2008,28(8):1469-1474
研究了小波变换和Contourlet变换的不足,利用非抽样Contourlet变换的多尺度性、多方向性以及平移不变性特征进行彩色图像数字水印.先对图像进行非抽样Contourlet变换得到不同尺度不同方向上的系数.然后为了满足水印的不町见性和稳健性,在低频系数和高频系数中采用不同的嵌入强度.并依据人类视觉的彩色感知特性,在蓝色分量中嵌入较多水印,在其他颜色分量选取变换系数能量最大的区域嵌入水印.与同样嵌入规则的Contourlet变换算法和平稳小波变换算法相比.该算法具有更好的稳健性,利用该算法得到的水印相似度更高,最高町提高约0.5.  相似文献   

9.
将小波变换用于处理人体行走时产生的加速度信号.利用离散小波变换的多尺度、多分辨率特性对原始加速度信号进行尺度分解,在对小波基以及分解尺度进行合理选取后准确地从加速度信号中提取出隐藏的步态节律.与利用阈值法直接对原始加速度信号提取峰值的算法比较后发现:利用小波分解得到与步态节律相关的特征尺度后再进行峰值检测能显著地提高信号峰值的检出率;即使当原始信号存在较严重的噪声干扰时,该方法也能保证所提取出的步态序列的准确性.这对于步态序列的后续分析具有至关重要的意义.研究表明,离散小波变换是一种有效的提取步态节律的方 关键词: 小波变换 步态序列 峰值检测 特征尺度  相似文献   

10.
针对复杂背景下红外弱小目标检测效果不佳的问题,结合多尺度分析法和各向异性扩散方程,利用图像尺度和方向信息,提出一种新的红外弱小目标检测算法.首先,采用Surfacelet变换对图像进行多尺度、多方向分解,得到不同尺度下高频子带系数和低频子带系数;其次根据不同频带的特点,分别采用改进的各向异性扩散方程差分滤波和局部去均值滤波对高频子带系数和低频子带系数进行处理;最后,采用逆Surfacelet变换重构处理后的子带系数,并采用自适应阈值分割对重构的图像进行分割,以实现目标检测.采用多组红外图像进行试验,并与小波滤波以及各向异性扩散滤波进行比较,实验结果显示,该算法能有效抑制背景及其边缘,可以获得比另外两种算法更好的红外弱小目标检测效果.  相似文献   

11.
This paper deals with the computational simulation of both scalar wave and vector wave propagation problems in infinite domains. Due to its advantages in simulating complicated geometry and complex material properties, the finite element method is used to simulate the near field of a wave propagation problem involving an infinite domain. To avoid wave reflection and refraction at the common boundary between the near field and the far field of an infinite domain, we have to use some special treatments to this boundary. For a wave radiation problem, a wave absorbing boundary can be applied to the common boundary between the near field and the far field of an infinite domain, while for a wave scattering problem, the dynamic infinite element can be used to propagate the incident wave from the near field to the far field of the infinite domain. For the sake of illustrating how these two different approaches are used to simulate the effect of the far field, a mathematical expression for a wave absorbing boundary of high-order accuracy is derived from a two-dimensional scalar wave radiation problem in an infinite domain, while the detailed mathematical formulation of the dynamic infinite element is derived from a two-dimensional vector wave scattering problem in an infinite domain. Finally, the coupled method of finite elements and dynamic infinite elements is used to investigate the effects of topographical conditions on the free field motion along the surface of a canyon.  相似文献   

12.
13.
光子扫描隧道显微镜球形样品二维近场强度分析   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4  
采用时域有限差分方法计算全内反射和光子扫描隧道显微镜系统。光子扫描隧道显微镜的基本工作原理是隐失波的产生和探测,当入射光在两种介质的分界面上发生全内反射,并在界面处产生非辐射的电磁波——隐失波时,采取对两界面入射光进行分别设置的方法即“三波法”设置入射激励元。分别计算一个球和两个球形样品的近场分布,并计算散射小球为探针,一个球为样品的扫描图像。结果表明:采用二维时域有限差分方法计算能较直观地显示样品表面的近场分布。表明时域有限差分方法在光子扫描隧道显微镜理论研究中具有很大潜力。  相似文献   

14.
In this paper, we present an adaptive approach to design the artificial boundary conditions for the two-level Schrödinger equation with conical crossings on the unbounded domain. We use the windowed Fourier transform to obtain the local wave number information in the vicinity of artificial boundaries, and adopt the operator splitting method to obtain an adaptive local artificial boundary condition. Then reduce the original problem into an initial boundary value problem on the bounded computational domain, which can be solved by the finite difference method. By this numerical method, we observe the surface hopping phenomena of the two-level Schrödinger equation with conical crossings. Several numerical examples are provided to show the accuracy and convergence of the proposed method.  相似文献   

15.
The stability of the finite-difference approximation of elastic wave propagation in orthotropic homogeneous media in the three-dimensional case is discussed. The model applies second- and fourth-order finite-difference approaches with staggered grid and stress-free boundary conditions in the space domain and second-order finite-difference approach in the time domain. The numerical integration of the wave equation by central differences is conditionally stable and the corresponding stability criterion for the time domain discretisation has been deduced as a function of the material properties and the geometrical discretization. The problem is discussed by applying the method of VonNeumann. Solutions and the calculation of the critical time steps is presented for orthotropic material in both the second- and fourth-order case. The criterion is verified for the special case of isotropy and results in the well-known formula from the literature. In the case of orthotropy the method was verified by long time simulations and by calculating the total energy of the system.  相似文献   

16.
For the computational solution of the acoustic scattering problem, new domain integral equations are proposed. These domain integral equations describe the acoustic wave propagation in some chosen inhomogeneous background, whereas the influence of the scattering object is viewed as a superposition of contrast sources. A stretching procedure of the inhomogeneous background to a homogeneous one leads to a domain integral equation in a stretched space, where the Green function has the same simple functionality as the one of the non-stretched homogeneous background. This leads to improved efficiency in the computation of the scattering problem at hand.  相似文献   

17.
The application of B-spline wavelet on interval (BSWI) finite element method for wave motion analysis in arch structures is presented in this paper. Instead of traditional polynomial interpolation, scaling functions at certain scales have been adopted to form the shape functions and construct wavelet-based elements. Different from other wavelet numerical methods adding wavelets directly, the element displacement field represented by the coefficients of wavelets expansions is transformed from wavelet space to physical space via the corresponding transformation matrix. The energy functional of the arch is obtained by the generalized shell theory, and the finite element model for wave motion analysis is constructed according to Hamilton's principle and the central difference method in time domain. Taking the practical application into account, damaged arch waveguides are also investigated. Proper analysis of the responses from structure damages allows one to indicate the location very precisely. This paper mainly focuses on the crack in structures. Based on Castigliano's theorem and the Pairs equation, the local flexibility of crack is formulated for BSWI element. Numerical experiments are performed to study the effect of wave propagations in arch waveguides, that is, frequency dispersion and mode spilt in the arch. The responses of the arch with cracks are simulated under the broad-band, narrow-band and chirp excitations. In order to estimate the spatial, time and frequency concentrations of responses, the reciprocal length, time-frequency transform and correlation coefficient are introduced in this investigation.  相似文献   

18.
A wavelet-based method was developed to compute elastic band gaps of one-dimensional phononic crystals. The wave field was expanded in the wavelet basis and an equivalent eigenvalue problem was derived in a matrix form involving the adaptive computation of integrals of the wavelets. The method was then applied to a binary system. For comparison, the elastic band gaps of the same one-dimensional phononic crystals computed with the wavelet method and the well-known plane wave expansion (PWE) method are both presented in this paper. The numerical results of the two methods are in good agreement while the computation costs of the wavelet method are much lower than that of PWE method. In addition, the adaptability of wavelets makes the method possible for efficient band gap computation of more complex phononic structures. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10632020)  相似文献   

19.
The results of modeling and an experimental study of electromagnetic (EM) waves in microwave range propagating along the surface of the human body have been presented. The parameters of wave propagation, such as the attenuation and phase velocity, have also been investigated. The calculation of the propagation of EM waves by the numerical method FDTD (finite difference time domain), as well as the use of the analytical model of the propagation of the EM wave along flat and curved surfaces has been fulfilled. An experimental study on a human body has been conducted. It has been shown that creeping waves are slow and exhibit a noticeable dispersion, while the surface waves are dispersionless and propagate at the speed of light in free space. A comparison of the results of numerical simulation, analytical calculation, and experimental investigations at a frequency of 2.55 GHz has been carried out.  相似文献   

20.
Topological imaging is a recent method. So far, it has been applied to bulk waves, and high resolution has been demonstrated for imaging scatterers even with a single ultrasonic insonification of the inspected medium. This method consists of (i) emitting waves and measuring the response of the medium; (ii) solving two propagation problems: the direct problem, where the experimental source is simulated, and the adjoint problem, where the source is the time-reversed difference between the measured wave field and that obtained from the direct problem; (iii) computing the image by simply multiplying both wave fields together in the frequency domain, and integrating over the frequency. The speed of the method depends only on the cost of the field computations that are performed in the defect-free medium. The present work deals with the application of topological imaging to plate guided waves. Combining modal theory and Fourier analysis, the computations are performed in a very short time. In the investigated cases, two-dimensional in-plane imaging is based on propagation of the single S0 Lamb mode. Despite very high dispersion of that mode, scatterers are accurately located and the spatial resolution is equal to about one wavelength.  相似文献   

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