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1.
本文用基于HCN释放的简化Solomon模型的NO生成湍流反应的统一二阶矩代数模型(AUSM)和煤粉燃烧的双流体模型,对不同旋流数下煤粉燃烧器内两相流动,煤粉燃烧和NO生成进行了数值模拟。模拟结果和文献中实验结果符合很好。模拟结果指出,随着旋流数的增加,NO的排放先减少后增加,燃尽率先增加后减小,和气体燃烧中得到的规律类似。  相似文献   

2.
湍流扩散火焰局部熄火和再燃现象的PDF模拟   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
王海峰  陈义良 《计算物理》2004,21(6):471-476
对一个值班湍流CH4/O2/N2射流扩散火焰(Sandia Flame D)进行了数值模拟研究.所采用的数学物理模型包括双尺度的k—ε湍流模型,标量联合的概率密度函数(PDF)输运方程方法,甲烷氧化的ARM简化化学反应机理(包含16种组分,12步总包反应)和欧几里德最小生成树(EMST)小尺度混合模型.将计算结果和实验数据进行了比较,不仅对于平均量,对于标量的散点分布和条件概率密度分布也是如此.计算结果表明文中采用的模型不仅能够预测宏观的火焰结构,而且预测了湍流燃烧中复杂的局部熄火和再燃过程.  相似文献   

3.
通过大涡模拟得到三维等密度平面射流中的混合分数的动态演化过程并统计其概率密度(PDF)的分布,对非预混燃烧雷诺时均模拟中常用的简化模型,包括β函数和截尾高斯函数,进行了定性和定量分析。混合分数的PDF分布在流场的不同区域上定性存在较大的区别,可以分为四类:追随型单峰分布、非追随型单峰分布、平板型分布和双峰分布。单峰追随型主要分布在湍流充分发展区,对不同的简化模型都有较好的适应性;单峰非追随型PDF通过β函数模拟可以得到很好的结果;平板型分布PDF,定性上难以模拟但定量模拟效果好;双峰分布主要分布于湍流外问歇性较大的区域,现有简化PDF模型难以得到满意的结果。  相似文献   

4.
湍流燃烧模型在燃烧过程数值模拟中十分重要。商业软件中仍然应用的简单模型,如EBU和预设PDF模型,常常不能很好地模拟有限反应动力学。目前通行的湍流燃烧模型,如层流小火焰模型和条件矩模型,只对一定的火焰类型和火焰结构的效果较好。PDF方程模型更通用,但计算量太大,用于大涡模拟更是如此。另一类是统计矩模型,即基于湍流模型的思路,用雷诺展开和取平均,封闭未知项的二阶矩模型,但是遇到了高度非线性的温度指数函数的困难。不同研究者采取了不同的近似处理,都低估了时平均反应率。作者彻底放弃各种近似方法,构建了终版的二阶矩模型,用于不同的单相和两相燃烧的雷诺平均模拟和大涡模拟,得到了实验验证和直接数值模拟的验证。  相似文献   

5.
当气流速度较大时,多孔介质内预混燃烧的模拟需要考虑湍流的影响,本文利用简化的k-ε双方程湍流反应流模型对多孔介质内的预混火焰进行了数值模拟.结果表明,湍流大大加强了气流的组分和能世扩散,计算得到的火焰传播速度、CO及NO的排放量都与实验值符合得比较好,与层流模型相比,湍流模型能够改善计算结果.  相似文献   

6.
旋流数对湍流燃烧中NO生成影响的研究   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
通过实验和用湍流燃烧二阶矩概率密度模型对不同旋流数下甲烷-空气湍流燃烧和NO生成进行了研究。在燃料中加入少量氨模拟燃料氮。研究结果表明,随旋流数的增大(由0到1),热NO排放先上升后下降,而总NO和燃料NO排放则先下降后上升。旋流数增大使湍流强度先下降然后稍有上升,使进口附近温度先上升然后稍有下降。热NO的生成受温度的影响更大而燃料NO的生成受湍流的影响更大。  相似文献   

7.
旋流煤粉燃烧器加进口堵塞和煤粉浓缩器可以影响湍流,燃烧温度以及煤粉浓度的分布,从而影响NO的生成与排放。本文用三维相位多普勒颗粒测速仪(PDPA)测量和双流体模型数值模拟研究了堵塞和煤粉浓缩器对旋流煤粉燃烧器内两相流动的影响。实验结果和数值模拟结果基本符合。实验和模拟结果都表明,无论是进口堵塞还是煤粉浓缩器都会增加旋流燃烧器的进口湍流度,同时增加进口轴线附近的颗粒浓度,后者将有利于降低NO排放。  相似文献   

8.
湍流燃烧的新二阶矩模型   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
本文针对湍流燃烧中模拟包括污染物生成的详细有限反应动力学的要求,用二阶矩封闭与简化概率密度的概念相结合的方法,提出了湍流燃烧的新二阶矩模型。此模型可兼顾适用于工程问题中的合理性和经济性。  相似文献   

9.
NO_x生成的有限反应速率二阶矩封闭模型   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文用有限反应速率二阶矩封闭模型对大速差射流燃烧室内煤粉燃烧过程中NO的生成进行了数值模拟,并将该模型的计算结果与Arrhenius模型的计算结果进行了比较,模拟结果表明,燃烧室中NO的生成是由燃料NO的生成机理来控制,Arrhenius模型计算得到的NO的浓度值高于有限反应速率二阶矩封闭模型的计算结果.  相似文献   

10.
本文用谱方法对考虑浮力的三维槽道湍流反应流动进行了直接模拟,用直接模拟统计结果对二阶矩亚网格湍流燃烧模型(SOM-SGS)进行了检验,结果显示SOM-SGS模型具有合理性.进一步用SOM-SGS模型成功预报了甲烷-空气射流火焰,其统计结果显示了RANS模拟中代数SOM燃烧模型的合理性.  相似文献   

11.
12.
采用亚网格动能(k方程)应力模型、二阶矩(SOM)燃烧模型和欧拉拉氏两相流模型,对乙醇-空气液雾燃烧进行了大涡模拟(LES)。瞬态结果显示:在火焰的高温区域,旋涡强度较大;在高温区边缘附近存在的拟序结构有脱落的趋势。在燃烧装置的燃料进口附近,近喷嘴中心区域,大量液滴聚集在条状湍流拟序结构的周围。LES模拟的统计结果给出的温度分布与实验结果吻合较好。说明SOM燃烧模型适用于液雾两相湍流燃烧研究,计算结果经过和实验数据对比发现,LES-SOM燃烧模型优于RANS-PDF及LES-FA计算结果。数值计算结果与实验结果的误差主要是由于采用统观一步反应机理引起的,表明燃烧模型还有待进一步改进。  相似文献   

13.
Conditional Moment Closure (CMC) is a suitable method for predicting scalars such as carbon monoxide with slow chemical time scales in turbulent combustion. Although this method has been successfully applied to non-premixed combustion, its application to lean premixed combustion is rare. In this study the CMC method is used to compute piloted lean premixed combustion in a distributed combustion regime. The conditional scalar dissipation rate of the conditioning scalar, the progress variable, is closed using an algebraic model and turbulence is modelled using the standard k–? model. The conditional mean reaction rate is closed using a first order CMC closure with the GRI-3.0 chemical mechanism to represent the chemical kinetics of methane oxidation. The PDF of the progress variable is obtained using a presumed shape with the Beta function. The computed results are compared with the experimental measurements and earlier computations using the transported PDF approach. The results show reasonable agreement with the experimental measurements and are consistent with the transported PDF computations. When the compounded effects of shear-turbulence and flame are strong, second order closures may be required for the CMC.  相似文献   

14.
A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool for performing turbulent combustion simulations that require finite-rate chemistry is developed and tested by modelling a series of bluff-body stabilized flames that exhibit different levels of finite-rate chemistry effects ranging from near equilibrium to near global extinction. The new modelling tool is based on the multi-environment probability density function (MEPDF) methodology and combines the following: the direct quadrature method of moments (DQMOM); the interaction-by-exchange-with-the-mean (IEM) mixing model; and realistic combustion chemistry. Using DQMOM, the MEPDF model can be derived from the transport PDF equation by depicting the joint composition PDF as a weighted summation of a finite number of multi-dimensional Dirac delta functions in the composition space. The MEPDF method with multiple reactive scalars retains the unique property of the joint PDF method of treating chemical reactions exactly. However, unlike the joint PDF methods that typically must resort to particle-based Monte-Carlo solution schemes, the MEPDF equations (i.e. the transport equations of the weighted delta-peaks) can be solved by traditional Eulerian grid-based techniques. In the current study, a pseudo time-splitting scheme is adopted to solve the MEPDF equations; the reaction source terms are computed with a highly efficient and accurate in-situ adaptive tabulation (ISAT) algorithm. A 19-species reduced mechanism based on quasi-steady state assumptions is used in the simulations of the bluff-body flames. The modelling results are compared with the experimental data, including mixing, temperature, major species and important minor species such as CO and NO. Compared with simulations using a Monte-Carlo joint PDF method, the new approach shows comparable accuracy.  相似文献   

15.
用视密度加权平均二阶矩模型模拟旋流两相流动   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文用视密度加权平均代替时平均,建立了视密度加权平均的统一二阶矩两相湍流模型方程组(MUSM),其中用体积分数代替了数密度,用颗粒驰豫时间作为封闭两相脉动速度关联方程耗散项的时间尺度,并引入了颗粒视在的气体速度脉动的输运方程。用MUSM模型模拟了旋流数为0.47的气粒两相流动。并和实验结果及时间平均的USM模型的模拟结果进行了对照,两种模型均能较好地预报的两相的轴向和切向速度,轴向和切向脉动速度。此外,MUSM模型可以减少所用方程数,节省计算量。因此视密度加权平均的统一二阶矩两相湍流模型是一种对时间平均的统一二阶矩模型的改进,今后可以进一步扩大应用。  相似文献   

16.
本文对几种二阶矩湍流反应模型,包括统一二阶矩模型、只考虑温度脉动的二阶矩模型、只考虑浓度脉动关联的二阶矩模型、及同时考虑温度脉动和浓度脉动关联的二阶矩模型,进行了比较。将上述模型加入到FLUENT6.0软件平台上,模拟了不同旋流数下甲烷-空气的旋流燃烧。模拟结果和实验结果进行了比较,探讨了各关联量大小及其对时平均反应率的影响。结果表明,统一二阶矩湍流反应模型具有最好的模拟效果。其原因是,各种关联矩中,化学反应率系数与浓度间的脉动关联最重要。  相似文献   

17.
A stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA) approach is implemented with the components of a simplified biodiesel surrogate to predict NOx (NO and NO2) emission concentrations from the combustion of biodiesel. The main reaction pathways were obtained by simplifying the previously derived skeletal mechanisms, including saturated methyl decenoate (MD), unsaturated methyl 5-decanoate (MD5D), and n-decane (ND). ND was added to match the energy content and the C/H/O ratio of actual biodiesel fuel. The MD/MD5D/ND surrogate model was also equipped with H2/CO/C1 formation mechanisms and a simplified NOx formation mechanism. The predicted model results are in good agreement with a limited number of experimental data at low-temperature combustion (LTC) conditions for three different biodiesel fuels consisting of various ratios of unsaturated and saturated methyl esters. The root mean square errors (RMSEs) of predicted values are 0.0020, 0.0018, and 0.0025 for soybean methyl ester (SME), waste cooking oil (WCO), and tallow oil (TO), respectively. The SSA model showed the potential to predict NOx emission concentrations, when the peak combustion temperature increased through the addition of ultra-low sulphur diesel (ULSD) to biodiesel. The SSA method used in this study demonstrates the possibility of reducing the computational complexity in biodiesel emissions modelling.  相似文献   

18.
A method of chemistry tabulation combined with presumed probability density function (PDF) is applied to simulate piloted premixed jet burner flames with high Karlovitz number using large eddy simulation. Thermo-chemistry states are tabulated by the combination of auto-ignition and extended auto-ignition model. To evaluate the predictive capability of the proposed tabulation method to represent the thermo-chemistry states under the condition of different fresh gases temperature, a-priori study is conducted by performing idealised transient one-dimensional premixed flame simulations. Presumed PDF is used to involve the interaction of turbulence and flame with beta PDF to model the reaction progress variable distribution. Two presumed PDF models, Dirichlet distribution and independent beta distribution, respectively, are applied for representing the interaction between two mixture fractions that are associated with three inlet streams. Comparisons of statistical results show that two presumed PDF models for the two mixture fractions are both capable of predicting temperature and major species profiles, however, they are shown to have a significant effect on the predictions for intermediate species. An analysis of the thermo-chemical state-space representation of the sub-grid scale (SGS) combustion model is performed by comparing correlations between the carbon monoxide mass fraction and temperature. The SGS combustion model based on the proposed chemistry tabulation can reasonably capture the peak value and change trend of intermediate species. Aspects regarding model extensions to adequately predict the peak location of intermediate species are discussed.  相似文献   

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