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1.
银和去合金银-金纳米粒子的SERS活性研究   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
用乙二醇还原硝酸银,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮作表面活性剂合成了大量的银纳米颗粒。银纳米颗粒和HAuCl4发生置换反应后形成去合金银-金纳米粒子。以吡啶和SCN-作为探针分子研究了它们的SERS活性。结果表明,当探针分子吸附于银纳米颗粒和去合金银-金纳米粒子上时,探针分子的特征振动峰强度增强、频率发生位移。SERS可表征纳米粒子物理和化学性质的变化。  相似文献   

2.
在硼氢化钠和双氧水共存的体系中还原硝酸银,以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为表面活性剂,在柠檬酸钠的作用下合成三角银纳米粒子,随后加入氯离子,研究其作用下三角银纳米粒子的形貌变化.结果表明:随着氯离子浓度不断增大,三角银纳米粒子逐渐被刻蚀成圆盘粒子,且吸附生物分子多巴胺后,SERS信号随着粒子减小而增强,原因可能在于粒子形状发生转化的同时还生成了大量的银团簇物质,这些银团簇的存在活化了溶胶体系的性质.  相似文献   

3.
银纳米立方体的合成及其SERS活性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用乙二醇还原硝酸银,以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮作表面活性剂合成了银纳米立方体晶粒,并以吡啶和SCN-作为探针分子初步研究了银纳米立方体晶粒组装体系的SERS活性。当探针分子吸附于银纳米立方体晶粒上时,吡啶和SCN-的谱峰强度明显增强,表明银纳米立方体晶粒可望作为SERS活性基底。通过研究探针分子的SERS强度与粒子尺度关系,也有望用于表征银纳米立方体晶粒的光学性质。  相似文献   

4.
用液相法合成弯曲的银/银(Ag/Ag)同质结纳米线, 即由Ag/Ag同质结和Ag纳米棒组成。同质结相邻的两个Ag纳米棒以一定的角度形成弯曲的Ag纳米线, 其角度可能是锐角, 也可能是钝角, 而且其长度可达几个微米。研究发现, 反应温度对弯曲Ag/Ag同质结纳米线的形成具有非常重要的作用, 改变反应温度, 得到的是其它形状的纳米粒子; 同时, 表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)表征发现, 与Ag纳米球和纳米线相比, 弯曲Ag/Ag同质结纳米线具有更好的SERS活性。  相似文献   

5.
分别用硼氢化钠和氢气还原法制备了两种不同的银溶胶(I和II),并采用自组装技术将银纳米粒子组装到对巯基苯胺(PATP)修饰的光滑银基底表面,形成银纳米粒子亚单层二维阵列。比较两种阵列中PATP的表面增强拉曼光谱发现,溶胶II所得阵列中的PATP的b2振动得到了较大的增强,即存在较大程度的电荷转移,说明银纳米粒子的性质直接影响了耦联分子的光谱特征。对溶胶Ⅰ进行离心处理,组装,得到的拉曼特征与阵列II类似。就溶胶II的银纳米粒子而言,组装结构中可能形成Ag-N化学键,从而导致更强的氨基与银粒子的相互作用。  相似文献   

6.
优化了一种基于表面等离激元银纳米链的马赫-曾德干涉式传感结构.该结构由参考臂、传感臂及纳米线波导构成.纳米线波导由银纳米线包裹一定厚度的硅来构成.引入两条银纳米链分别作为马赫-曾德干涉仪的参考臂和传感臂,并研究所设计结构的传输特性,通过降低传输损耗以提高所设计结构的精确度与灵敏度.相比于两条完全相同的银纳米线作为参考臂和传感臂的情况,在参考臂和传感臂改为银纳米链后,传输特性有明显提高,单位长度损耗明显降低.这是由于银纳米链中的单元结构之间的长程/库仑相互作用增强了结构中的电磁场,进而降低了传输损耗.将两条银纳米链的晶格常数设置为不同的情况,研究发现,在特定的银包硅纳米线的宽度与某些占空比下,含有非对称的银纳米链结构的单位传输损耗小于含有对称的银纳米链结构.由此可以知道,具有小损耗的银纳米颗粒链可以弥补大损耗的银纳米颗粒链的传输损失.利用这个特点,进一步优化设计结构,将一侧银纳米链改为纳米线.改变另一侧银纳米链的晶格常数与占空比,可以发现大多数情况下,这类结构传输特性优于含有两条银纳米链以及含有两条银纳米线的结构.本文的设计结构可以大幅减小传统的马赫-曾德干涉仪的传输损耗,且在结构的制备...  相似文献   

7.
利用自组装技术,将不同浓度比例的对巯基苯胺和N,N'-二苯基硫脲为功能耦联分子,在光滑银基底表面组装不同表面密度的二维银纳米粒子阵列。通过对组装阵列和粗糙银表面耦联剂分子的表面增强拉曼光谱比较,阵列中对巯基苯胺分子拉曼信号得到了明显的增强,但只有微弱的N,N'-二苯基硫脲的拉曼增强信号,说明在这种组装阵列中得到的拉曼散射增强主要来自于银纳米粒子和光滑银表面之间。  相似文献   

8.
在水相体系中以柠檬酸钠和硝酸银为反应物,利用可见光诱导的还原过程在室温下制备盘状的银纳米粒子,通过紫外-可见光谱监控了不同反应条件下银纳米粒子的生长过程及体系的稳定性.吸收光谱随时间的变化表明,在一定的反应条件下早期的产物为球形粒子;随着反应时间延长盘状产物开始逐渐生成并长大,球形粒子数也进一步增加;而到了后期盘状粒子则通过粒子间的Ostwald熟化过程进一步长大.研究还发现,过量的柠檬酸根离子无助于稳定胶态体系,而适量的PVP(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)的加入则能起到有效的稳定作用;严格控制的搅拌对于保证体系良好的分散稳定性不可缺少.进一步的研究还表明,在反应体系中引入大量的氢氧根离子能大大的加快反应速度.  相似文献   

9.
通过在硅片上修饰聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)对银纳米粒子进行组装,得到均一的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)基底。借助于此基底,在水溶液环境中,以异烟酸(INA)和罗丹明6g(R6g)作为探测分子,研究了氯离子(Cl-)对SERS增强的影响。结果表明,对于不同的探针分子,Cl-对银颗粒SERS活性的影响存在选择性。对于INA分子,在溶液中没有Cl-的情况下,分子通过羧基以锐角吸附在银颗粒表面,具有良好的SERS谱。在加入Cl-后,由于竞争吸附,INA分子脱附,SERS信号消失。R6g分子在银颗粒表面没有特异吸附,Cl-的加入并没有影响其与银颗粒的作用状态,在加入Cl-后SERS光谱没有发生显著变化。  相似文献   

10.
采用柠檬酸三钠化学还原法制备球形Ag纳米粒子溶胶,并用高压球形氙灯对球形Ag纳米粒子溶胶进行光诱导实验.利用透射电子显微镜、紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了不同光照时间下的银胶纳米粒子的光谱特性和表面形貌,并以结晶紫为探针分子测量了银胶纳米粒子的表面增强喇曼散射光谱.实验结果表明:随着光照时间的增多,Ag纳米粒子溶胶颜色变化显著;紫外-可见吸收光谱吸收峰从单一峰渐渐显示出多个峰;透射电子显微镜图显示Ag纳米粒子由球形逐渐转变成片状三角形银纳米粒子、截角的片状三角形银纳米粒子;表面增强喇曼散射的增强效应随着光照时间的变化先逐渐增大,然后逐渐减小.  相似文献   

11.
A new route for silver electroless deposition on Si(1 0 0) substrate is developed based on the galvanic displacement process. The basic electroless bath contains NaF and AgNO3 with different concentrations. The morphologies of electrolessly deposited silver nanostructures, including silver nanowires and nanoparticles, are strongly dependent on the electrolyte composition. Adding an excess dosage of polyvinylpyrrolidone into the basic electrolyte yields final silver films of porous structures composed by multitudinous Ag nanoparticles. The porous silver films possess the surface hydrophobic property after the modification with n-dodecanethiol. Unidirectional wetting and spreading of a water droplet are also demonstrated on the patterned porous Ag films.  相似文献   

12.
Silver nanoparticles with size less than 50 nm were synthesized from silver nitrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and ethylene glycol, where these chemicals acted as metal precursor, stabilizer and reducing agent, respectively. Then a conductive silver ink was prepared with a suitable solvent by adding a viscosifier, hydroxyethyl-cellulose (HEC), and a surfactant, diethylene glycol (DEG). The combined effect of both viscosifier and surfactant on the physical property of the silver ink was analyzed by measuring the contact angle of the silver ink on a cellulose film. Moreover, the influences of PVP molecular weight and reaction temperature on the size of the silver nanoparticles were analyzed. Then the silver ink was coated on the cellulose film by spin coating and the effects of different solvents, sintering temperatures and solid contents on its electrical resistivity were examined. It was found that, with 50 % co-solvent of deionized water and DEG and solid content of around 50 %, the silver ink exhibited the lowest resistivity. This ink can be used for inkjet printing of conductive patterns on cellulose films.  相似文献   

13.
周城 《发光学报》2012,33(10):1120-1126
设计了基于银纳米线等离子体共振效应的大孔径微流通道的类熊猫型微结构光纤传感器,采用全矢量有限元法对该传感器进行了数值研究,讨论了待测液折射率等参数对光纤传感器的损耗和灵敏度的影响。结果表明:随着待测液折射率和银纳米线直径的增大,损耗和光谱峰值λpeak都将增大;并且当银纳米线的直径增加到一定程度时,损耗和灵敏度都会呈现多峰值现象。最后取银纳米线直径d=150 nm,得到最大幅度灵敏度为910 dB/RIU,最大光谱灵敏度为1 400 nm/RIU。  相似文献   

14.
Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction reveal that four different types of crystalline silver nanostructures including nanoparticles, nanowires, nanocubes, and bipyramids are synthesized by a solvothermal method by reducing silver nitrate with ethylene glycol using poly(vinylpyrrolidone) as an adsorption agent and adding different quantities of sodium chloride to the solution. These nanostructures which exhibit different surface plasma resonance properties in the ultraviolet–visible region are shown to be good surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates using rhodamine 6G molecules. Our results demonstrate that the silver nanocubes, bipyramids with sharp corners and edges, and aggregated silver nanoparticles possess better SERS properties than the silver nanowires, indicating that they can serve as high-sensitivity substrates in SERS-based measurements.  相似文献   

15.
A facile aqueous-phase approach for the synthesis of silver nanowires is reported, in which tannin (C76H52O46) is used as a mild reducing agent for silver nitrate. This synthesis is a root-temperature, seedless process, and does not need any surfactant or capping agent to direct the anisotropic growth of the nanoparticles. The obtained silver nanowires are about 25 nm in diameter and up to 20 μm in length. Unlike the usually reported cases of silver nanowires or nanorods, in which the silver nanocrystals were often generated with a multi-twinned structure, in our experiments the nanowires adopt a single-crystal structure with their growth direction along the [100] axis. Investigations on the influence of different experimental conditions indicate that slow rate of the reduction process is a key factor for inducing the anisotropic growth of the nanowires.  相似文献   

16.
《Current Applied Physics》2010,10(3):853-857
Silver nanowires of 50–190 nm in diameters along with silver nanoparticles in the size range of 60–200 nm in prismatic and hexagonal shapes are synthesized through chemical process. The lengths of the silver nanowires lie between 40 and 1000 μm. The characterizations of the synthesized samples are done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. The syntheses have been done by using two processes. In the first process, relatively thicker and longer silver nanowires are synthesized by a soft template liquid phase method at a reaction temperature of 70 °C with methanol as solvent. In the second process, thinner silver nanowires along with silver nanoparticles are prepared through a polymer mediated polyol process at a reaction temperature of 210 °C with ethylene glycol as solvent. The variations of photoluminescence (PL) emission from the silver nanocluster dispersed in methanol as well as in ethylene glycol are recorded at room temperature under excitation wavelengths lying in between 300 and 414 nm. The blue–green PL emission is observed from the prepared samples and these emissions are assigned to radiative recombination of Fermi level electrons and sp- or d-band holes.  相似文献   

17.
The sizes, shapes, and growth rates of gold and silver nanoparticles stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone in water can be controlled by using picosecond laser pulses. The nucleation of small metal clusters formed with NaBH4 addition to produce nanoparticles takes two months with aging but 30 min with laser irradiation. Laser pulses can also induce nanoparticles to have narrow size and shape distribution or to undergo aggregation into much larger particles. The latter process is more likely found when the metal is silver or the irradiation wavelength is short. Laser-induced growth and shape transformation processes are explained in terms of BH4 depletion, metal fusion, and electron ejection followed by disintegration.  相似文献   

18.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules act as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the formation of silver nanoparticles. PEG undergoes thermal oxidative degradation at temperatures over 70 °C in the presence of oxygen. Here, we studied how the temperature and an oxidizing atmosphere could affect the synthesis of silver nanoparticles with PEG. We tested different AgNO3 concentrations for nanoparticles syntheses using PEG of low molecular weight, at 60 and 100 °C. At the higher temperature, the reducing action of PEG increased and the effect of PEG/Ag+ ratio on nanoparticles aggregation changed. These results suggest that different synthesis mechanisms operate at 60 and 100 °C. Thus, at 60 °C the reduction of silver ions can occur through the oxidation of the hydroxyl groups of PEG, as has been previously reported. We propose that the thermal oxidative degradation of PEG at 100 °C increases the number of both, functional groups and molecules that can reduce silver ions and stabilize silver nanoparticles. This degradation process could explain the enhancement of PEG reducing action observed by other authors when they increase the reaction temperature or use a PEG of higher molecular weight  相似文献   

19.
在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)存在下,用多元醇还原硝酸银,Cu(NO_3)_2作为保护剂,快速有效的合成大量银纳米线,并优化了反应条件,得到结构均一、分散性较好的银纳米线。以罗丹明B为探针分子检测了该银纳米基底的表面增强效应,结果表明该基底对罗丹明B的表面增强效果明显,其表面增强因子可达6.4×10~5。文中利用这种基底得到了右旋肉碱的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS),与其固体常规拉曼光谱(NRS)和10~(-3) mol·L~(-1)水溶液的拉曼光谱对比,并对各自的峰位进行了归属。右旋肉碱固体在3 100~2800和1 700~200cm~(-1)处有明显拉曼振动峰,在右旋肉碱的表面增强拉曼光谱中,1700~200cm~(-1)处的峰得到了明显的增强。经分析,右旋肉碱分子与银纳米基底呈180°。本文还用合成的纳米银基底得到了不同浓度右旋肉碱溶液的表面增强拉曼光谱,其最低检测浓度为10~(-6) mol·L~(-1)。右旋肉碱是一种重要的心血管药物,本文为其研究提供了较全面的拉曼光谱信息,为右旋肉碱的快速、特征、痕量监测提供了有力依据,也为进一步研究右旋肉碱的药理学提供了重要参考。  相似文献   

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