根据到达角协方差测量大气湍流外尺度

通过湍流大气中光波相位结构函数得到两点间的到达角协方差与大气湍流外尺度的关系,并利用差分到达角方差进行了归一化,进而得到大气湍流外尺度和差分到达角方差及到达角协方差的表达式。采用四孔到达角起伏测量仪进行了近地面水平路径的实验,测量结果表明在离地面6 m的高度上,湍流外尺度在4 m左右,并随时间变化,不同方向的测量结果有一些差别。     

湍流折射率谱型对大气闪烁和相位起伏功率谱的影响

基于Taylor湍流冻结假设理论,在不同湍流折射率谱型条件下,推导得出了光波闪烁和相位起伏频谱的表达式;数值计算了湍流谱型中折射率标度指数、内尺度以及外尺度变化时对光波频谱的影响。结果表明:随着折射率起伏标度指数的增大,闪烁频谱的低频段不再仅为常数,高频段下降的幂率逐渐增大,同时相位频谱在整个起伏频率段下降的幂率越来越大;湍流内尺度的增加将引起光波频谱的高频段下降的幂率越来越大;而随外尺度的减小,闪烁频谱低频段的振幅减小,这种影响在大口径接收时较为明显,相位谱的低频段幂率减小。     

城市路径下激光光强起伏特性测量及链路余量估算

 在城市环境下进行了3.5 km的激光大气传输实验。实验中对光强起伏和到达角起伏进行了同步测量，分析了接收光强起伏的统计特性以及传输路径上大气折射率结构常数的特性。基于实验结果，对自由空间光通信中不同闪烁指数下的衰落冗余以及不同探测阈值下的衰落概率进行了估算，从而为空间光通信系统的设计提供可靠的实验基础。     

孔径接收下大气闪烁频谱的理论和实验研究

 基于孔径接收下的对数振幅时间相关函数，推导了弱湍流起伏条件下大气闪烁频谱的表达式，分析了接收孔径对大气闪烁频谱的影响。通过完成水平大气传输实验，实际测量了孔径接收下的大气闪烁频谱。实验结果验证了理论计算。结果表明，孔径接收下的大气频谱分为低频段和高频段两部分，低频谱为常数，高频谱呈幂指数关系变化，且幂指数为-11/3；随着接收孔径增大，频谱在各频率点上的幅值逐渐减小，其形状保持不变。     

部分相干光在大气湍流中的光强闪烁效应

以修正Rytov方法为基础,利用部分相干高斯-谢尔(GSM)光束模型并结合Andrews的唯像闪烁模型,研究部分相干光在大气湍流中的光强闪烁效应。推导出适用于不同湍流情形的部分相干光对数光强起伏方差表达式,系统分析了部分相干光在大气湍流中的光强起伏方差。结果表明:在同等的湍流环境下,部分相干光比完全相干光的光强起伏方差要小;光束相干性越差,光强起伏越小,抗湍流能力越强。在不同大气湍流情形下,光源相干性、大气折射率常数等参数对光强起伏都有不同程度的影响。     

多光束发射对湍流效应下激光传输的影响

大气湍流引起的光强起伏会导致大气闪烁、光束漂移、到达角起伏和波前畸变等效应.多光束发射技术是克服激光大气传输中光强起伏的有效途径之一.以单光束、双光束、四光束以及八光束发射为例,通过计算峰值光强、环围功率半径以及像散参数等光束质量参数,得到单光束和多光束大气传输的光强起伏特性.结果表明:随着光束数目的增加,峰值光强显著...     

湍流路径积分参量与湍流大气中光的传播效应

根据光波在湍流大气中传播的理论分析了弱起伏条件下决定光波传播效应的折射率结构常数Ｃ＾２ｎ的各种路径积分参量之间的关系，导出了由光波的强度起伏所确定的等效折射率结构常数对计算大气相干长度与光波的到达角起伏，光束的扩展及漂移的相对偏差的表达式。针对折射率结构常数Ｃ＾２ｎ具有周期性，递减，递增和随     

部分相干光在大气湍流中的到达角起伏

研究了部分相干高斯谢尔光束在大气湍流中的到达角起伏.主要采用湍流内外尺度的修正Von Karmon谱模型及广义惠更斯-菲涅尔原理和交叉谱密度函数推导出了部分相干光在大气湍流中的到达角起伏表达式.对比分析了湍流内外尺度、湍流强度、传输距离、源相干参数以及波长等参数对部分相干光在大气湍流水平路径上传输时的到达角起伏的影响.结果表明:随着传输距离的增加,到达角起伏越来越小;随着大气湍流内外尺度和源相干参数的增加,到达角起伏也越来越大;与部分相干光相比,完全相干光的到达角起伏受湍流影响很小;随着波长和湍流强度的减小,到达角起伏越来越小.     

高斯波束在湍流大气斜程传输中的闪烁问题研究

根据光波斜程传输理论以及随高度变化的ITU-R湍流大气结构常数模型,将水平传输的修正里托夫方法推广到了斜程传输问题中。导出了高斯波束入射时,在零内尺度湍流谱模型及考虑湍流内尺度效应和外尺度效应条件下,从弱起伏湍流区到强起伏湍流区闪烁指数随斜程里托夫方差变化的计算公式。讨论了不同传播高度、不同湍流内、外尺度对高斯波束斜程传输闪烁指数的影响。最后将有关数值计算结果与实验测量结果进行了比较和验证。     

湍流大气传输高斯谢尔光束的到达角起伏

研究了在弱大气湍流起伏环境下以窄带宽高斯谢尔光束为激光光源的大气通信问题,分析了大气湍流强度和光源空间相干度对通信光束到达角起伏的影响.采用窄带宽光场的交叉谱密度函数代替光场互相干函数的近似方法和采用包含大气湍流内外尺度的简化折射率谱密度函数,得出了湍流大气中传输高斯谢尔光束的波结构函数(WSF) 和到达角起伏方差解析近似关系.分析表明,光源的空间相干度和传输光束的湍流扩展是影响高斯谢尔光束的相位起伏结构函数和传输光束到达角起伏的重要因素.     

Theoretical expressions of temporal power spectra of irradiance fluctuations for optical waves propagating through weak non-Kolmogorov turbulence

The temporal power spectra of irradiance fluctuations reflect the frequency distribution of temporal statistical property of irradiance fluctuation. In this paper, new analytical expressions of the temporal power spectral models of irradiance fluctuations are developed for optical waves propagating through weak non-Kolmogorov turbulence with horizontal path. They are derived with the general modified atmospheric spectral model, and they consider the finite turbulence inner and outer scales, and have a general spectral power law value in the range of 3 to 4 instead of the standard power law value of 11/3. Numerical calculations are conducted to analyze the influence of non-Kolmogorov weak turbulence on the temporal power spectra of irradiance fluctuations.     

Influence of turbulence strength on temporal correlation of scintillation

Through extensive laboratory experimentation we demonstrate that the temporal frequency content of turbulence-induced scintillation strongly depends on the temperature gradient exerted at the propagation path of a collimated laser beam. We find a power law relating the turbulence strength induced by convection with the vertical temperature gradient and we show that the cutoff frequency of scintillation shows an approximately linear growth with turbulence strength, measured by angle-of-arrival fluctuations. The impact of these findings are discussed in the context of free-space optical communications.     

Angle-of-arrival fluctuations for wave propagation through non-Kolmogorov turbulence

Recently the increasing experimental evidences have shown that atmospheric turbulence statistics does not obey Kolmogorov’s power spectrum model in portions of the troposphere and stratosphere. These experiments have prompted the investigations of optical wave propagation through atmospheric turbulence described by non-classical power spectra. In this paper, using an original approach and considering a non-Kolmogorov power spectrum which uses a generalized power law instead of constant standard power law value 11/3 and a generalized amplitude factor instead of constant value 0.033, the variances of the angle-of-arrival fluctuations of the plane and spherical waves are derived in weak turbulence for a horizontal path. The concise closed-form expressions are obtained and used to analyze the influence of spectral power law variation on the angle-of-arrival fluctuations.     

光束在强湍流区中传播的到达角起伏

 基于修正Rytov理论，导出了适用于强湍流区的无限平面波和球面波的到达角起伏方差表达式及其功率谱表达式，分析了散射盘对到达角起伏的影响。研究结果表明：导出的方差表达式在弱湍流区也适用，随着Rytov方差的增加到达角起伏趋于饱和；高频功率谱的下降速度随着散射盘尺度的增加而增加。     

Effect of the outer scale on the angle of arrival variance for free-space-laser beam corrugated by non-Kolmogorov turbulence

It is well known that atmospheric turbulence causes significant variations of the arrival angle of laser beams used in free-space communications. Usually, angle-of-arrival fluctuations of an optical wave in the plane of the receiver aperture is calculated by Kolmogorov’s power spectral-density model. Unfortunately, recently increasing experimental evidence has shown that atmospheric turbulence statistics does not obey Kolmogorov’s power spectrum model in some parts of the troposphere and stratosphere. These experiments have prompted investigations of the optical-wave propagation through atmospheric turbulence described by nonclassical power spectra. In this paper, employing a new approach and considering a non-Kolmogorov power spectrum with a generalized power law instead of the constant standard power-law value 11/3 and a generalized amplitude factor instead of the constant value 0.033, we derive the variances of the angle-of-arrival fluctuations of the plane and spherical waves in a weak turbulence for the horizontal path. The concise closed-form expressions are obtained and used to analyze the influence of spectral power-law variations on the angle-of-arrival fluctuations. In addition, the outer scale effect is also analyzed.     

Irradiance scintillation considering finite turbulence inner scale for optical wave propagating through weak non-Kolmogorov turbulence

The turbulence inner scale plays an important role in investigating the irradiance scintillation index for optical wave propagating through atmospheric turbulence. However, previous expressions of the irradiance scintillation index, which were derived based on the general non-Kolmogorov spectral model, did not consider the influences of finite turbulence inner scale. In this study, based on the generalized exponential spectral model for non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence, theoretical expressions of the irradiance scintillation index are derived for plane and spherical optical waves propagating through weak turbulence. The new expressions have considered the influences of the finite turbulence inner scale and the receiver aperture on the irradiance scintillation index. Numerical simulations are performed to analyze these parameters’ influences.     

星地下行孔径接收闪烁频谱的理论研究

 基于孔径接收的对数振幅时间相关函数，结合星地激光下行链路的实际情况，推导了适用于星地下行孔径接收的闪烁频谱表达式。进而分析了孔径尺度和湍流外尺度对闪烁频谱的影响。结果表明，下行孔径接收闪烁频谱分为低频段和高频段两个区间，低频段为常数，高频段呈幂指数规律变化，且幂律的绝对值为11/3。当接收孔径增加时，频谱的幅值和宽度逐渐减小，其形状保持不变。随着等效湍流外尺度的增加，低频谱的幅值逐渐增大，高频谱保持不变。     

Analysis of the temporal power spectral models of angel of arrival fluctuations for optical waves propagating through weak non-Kolmogorov turbulence

New analytical expressions for the temporal power spectral models of angle of arrival (AOA) fluctuations are derived for optical plane and spherical waves propagating through weak non-Kolmogorov turbulence. They consider the finite turbulence inner and outer scales, and have a general power law value in the range of 3–4 instead of the standard power law value of 11/3. The results derived in this work can reduce correctly to the previously published analytic expressions for the case of plane and spherical waves propagation through Kolmogorov turbulence case. These results are useful for the understanding the potential impact of derivations from the standard Kolmogorov spectrum.