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1.
激光沉积修复BT20合金的显微组织和力学性能   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
针对BT20钛合金锻件当量孔损伤进行激光沉积修复试验,考察了修复试样的组织和力学特点。修复区与基材之间形成了致密冶金结合,Al,Zr,Mo,V合金元素由锻件基体到激光修复区均匀分布,无宏观偏析,硬度分布从基材到修复区依次提高。热影响区组织是由基材的双态组织过渡到网篮组织;修复区组织为粗大的原始柱状β晶,晶粒内为α/β网篮组织,晶内α片层取向随机,宽0.4~0.5μm。修复过程中发现,激光加工工艺参数选择不当、坡度过大等原因会造成修复区组织形成气孔和熔合不良等缺陷,但是通过优化工艺参数可以获得无缺陷修复试样。修复试样的室温静拉伸结果表明,试样的抗拉强度接近锻件基体强度,但修复件的韧性比锻件稍有提高。  相似文献   

2.
为研究激光冲击对E690高强钢激光熔覆修复层微观组织的影响,选用专用金属粉末对E690高强钢试样预制凹坑进行激光熔覆修复,并使用脉冲激光对激光熔覆层进行冲击强化处理,同时采用扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线应力分析仪分别对激光冲击前后激光熔覆层的微观组织和表面残余应力进行检测。结果表明:激光熔覆修复后,激光熔覆层组织为等轴晶,熔覆层与E690高强钢基体之间冶金结合良好,其表面残余应力为均匀分布的压应力。经激光冲击后,激光熔覆层截面晶粒得到细化,并观察到大量的形变孪晶,互相平行的孪晶界分割熔覆层粗大晶粒,在激光熔覆层的晶粒细化过程中发挥着重要作用;试样表层位错在{110}滑移面上发生交滑移,在晶界周围形成了位错缠结。经激光冲击后,激光熔覆层冲击区域表面残余压应力数值相较于冲击前提升了1.1倍。  相似文献   

3.
曹永青  林鑫  汪志太  王理林  黄卫东 《物理学报》2015,64(10):108103-108103
研究了在液氮冷却条件下激光快速熔凝Ni-28 wt%Sn亚共晶合金的组织演化过程. 结果显示, 熔池从上至下可以分为三个区域: 表层为平行激光扫描方向的α-Ni转向枝晶区; 中部为近乎垂直于熔池底部外延生长的α-Ni柱状晶区; 底部为少量的残留α-Ni初生相和大量的枝晶间(α-Ni+Ni3Sn) 共晶组织. 激光熔凝区组织受原始基材组织的影响很大, 熔池中的α-Ni枝晶生长方向受到了热流方向和枝晶择优取向的双重影响. 与基材中存在的层片状、棒状和少量离异(α-Ni+Ni3Sn)共晶的混合组织相比, 熔池内的共晶组织皆为细小的规则(α-Ni+Ni3Sn)层片状共晶, 皆垂直于熔池底部外延生长, 并且从熔池顶部至底部, 共晶层片间距逐渐增大. 分别应用描述快速枝晶生长的Kurz-Giovanola-Trivedi 模型和描述快速共晶生长的Trivedi-Magnin-Kurz模型对熔池表层凝固界面前沿的过冷度进行估算, 发现熔池表层α-Ni 枝晶和(α-Ni+Ni3Sn)层片共晶的生长过冷度在50.4-112.5 K 之间, 远大于相应深过冷凝固(α-Ni+Ni3Sn) 反常共晶生长的临界过冷度20 K, 这说明文献报道的临界过冷度并不是反常共晶出现的充分条件.  相似文献   

4.
魏雷  林鑫  王猛  黄卫东 《物理学报》2015,64(1):18103-018103
本文通过采用自适应网格技术, 将激光立体成形的宏观温度场模型和凝固微观组织的低网格各向异性元胞自动机模型(cellular automaton, CA)结合, 建立了适用于激光立体成形的集成数值模型. 模型包括基材的温度场分布, 熔池形貌和熔凝过程的凝固微观组织. 模拟了激光扫描速度为15 mm/s时, 激光作用在Fe-C单晶基材上形成熔池的形状以及熔池内凝固微观组织. 计算结果揭示了熔池内固液界面从平界面失稳到胞\枝晶的非稳态凝固过程, 并得到了平界面组织形成的白亮带. 白亮带上方形成了外延生长的枝晶列.  相似文献   

5.
由于镁合金耐磨及硬度性能较差,应用激光重熔技术进行表面改性就显得尤为必要,其中激光功率因素所产生的影响十分显著。为了探究激光重熔中功率因素对稀土镁合金的微观组织结构,硬度以及摩擦磨损性能的影响。通过使用3kW的DILAS半导体激光器对Mg-1.85Y-7.91Zn-0.75Zr(质量分数,%)合金进行不同功率下的激光重熔实验。采用光学显微镜(OM),电子扫描显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射仪(XRD)和能谱仪(EDS)观察所制得试样的组织,形貌,相成分及分布;使用显微硬度计测量维氏硬度;使用摩擦磨损试验机测试样品的摩擦磨损性能,从而得出不同激光功率对组织,性能的影响。研究表明,经过重熔处理的合金宏观凝固组织明显细化,且随着功率升高,晶粒变大,第二相分布愈加弥散。由于细晶强化,固溶强化以及弥散强化的影响导致了硬度和耐磨性提高,其中800,1000,1200,2000W激光功率作用下重熔细晶区的维氏硬度平均值分别为90.97,93.47,94.20,95.53HV,而粗晶基材区的维氏硬度平均值仅为63.90HV,2000W功率作用下的硬度照比基材提升了49.50%。随着功率的升高,耐磨性越高且逐渐从以黏着磨损为主过渡到以磨粒磨损为主。可见,激光重熔技术可以明显强化该稀土镁合金,激光功率的增大可以显著增加该合金的硬度以及抗摩擦磨损性能。  相似文献   

6.
李路远  阮莹  魏炳波 《物理学报》2018,67(14):146101-146101
采用落管方法实现了液态三元Fe-Cr-Ni合金的深过冷与快速凝固,合金液滴的冷却速率和过冷度均随液滴直径的减小而迅速增大.两种成分合金近平衡凝固组织均为粗大板条状α相.在快速凝固过程中,不同直径Fe_(81.4)Cr_(13.9)Ni_(4.7)合金液滴凝固组织均为板条状α相,其固态相变特征很明显,随着过冷度增大,初生δ相由具有发达主干的粗大枝晶转变为等轴晶.Fe_(81.4)Cr_(4.7)Ni_(13.9)合金液滴凝固组织由α相晶粒组成,随着过冷度增大,初生γ相由具有发达主干的粗大枝晶转变为等轴晶,其枝晶主干长度和二次分枝间距均显著下降,晶粒内溶质的相对偏析度也明显减小,溶质Ni的相对偏析度始终大于溶质Cr.理论计算表明,与γ相相比,δ相枝晶生长速度更大.在实验获得的过冷度范围内,两种Fe-Cr-Ni合金枝晶生长过程均由热扩散控制.  相似文献   

7.
采用自由落体和熔体急冷两种实验技术实现了三元等原子比Fe_(33.3)Cn_(33.3)Sn_(33.3)合金的快速凝固,研究了其组织形成机理和室温磁性特征.实验发现,合金熔体在不同快速凝固条件下都没有发生液相分离,其室温组织均由初生αFe相枝晶以及CU_3SU和CU_6Sn_5二个包晶相组成计算表明,落管中合金液滴的表面冷却速率和过冷度分别达1.3×10~5 K·s~(-1)和283 K(0.19 T_L)当表面冷却速率增大至3.3×10~3 K·s~(-1),初生αFe相发生由粗大枝晶向碎断枝晶的演化.急冷快速凝固过程中,初生αFe相凝固组织沿辊面向自由面方向形成细晶区和粗晶区,其中细晶区以粒状晶为特征而粗晶区存在具有二次分枝的树枝晶随着表面冷却速率由8.9×10~6增大至2.7×10~7 K·s~(-1),αFe相平均晶粒尺寸显著减小,合金条带的矫顽力增大一倍多.  相似文献   

8.
为了提高铝合金表面的力学和耐腐蚀性能,利用激光沉积技术在铝合金表面制备了AlCrFeCoNiCu高熵合金涂层。使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)、显微硬度计和电化学工作站,研究了涂层的相结构、微观组织、元素分布、硬度及耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,涂层与基材结合良好,基材中Al元素在熔池搅拌作用下上浮,使沉积层呈FCC相和BCC相;显微组织为典型的枝晶结构,Cu元素在枝晶间富集;涂层平均显微硬度为528HV_(0.2),约是基材的5倍;AlCrFeCoNiCu涂层在3.5% NaCl溶液中的腐蚀特征为点蚀和晶间腐蚀,耐腐蚀性优于基材。激光沉积制备的AlCrFeCoNiCu高熵合金可以改善铝合金表面性能。  相似文献   

9.
实现了大体积Cu60Sn30Pb10偏晶合金的深过冷与快速凝固.实验获得的最大过冷度为173 K(0.17TL).凝固组织发生了明显的宏观偏析,XRD分析表明,试样上部是由固溶体(Sn),(Ph)相和金属间化合物ε(Cu3Sn)相组成的三相区,下部为富(Ph)相区.在小过冷条件下,三相区中ε(CuSn)相的凝固组织为粗大的枝晶,随着过冷度的增大,ε(Cu3Sn)相细化成层片状组织.且层片间距随过冷度的增大而减小,而(Sn),(Ph)两相始终以离异共晶的方式存在.富(Pb)相区中分布有少量的ε(Cu3Sn)枝晶,枝晶长度随过冷度的增大而增大,且在大过冷条件下发生碎断.(Sn)相在ε(Cu3Sn)相表面形核、长大,其形态类似于包晶凝固组织.  相似文献   

10.
张敏  刘畅  任博  严凯  陈长军  王晓南 《中国光学》2016,9(3):335-341
采用3D打印激光熔化技术制备了多孔镍基合金,并对其显微组织构成和压缩力学性能进行了分析。研究结果表明,采用3D打印激光熔化技术制备的多孔镍合金,孔隙率为14.68%~18.97%、抗压强度为461~535 MPa,其微观组织主要呈现γ-Ni枝晶,压缩断口为撕裂式枝晶断裂。  相似文献   

11.
Microstructure characteristics of laser-MIG hybrid welded mild steel   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
To deepen the understanding of laser-arc hybrid welding, the weld shape and microstructure characteristics of laser-metal inert gas hybrid welded mild steel were analyzed. The results showed typical hybrid weld could be classified as two parts: the wide upper zone and the narrow nether zone, which were defined as arc zone and laser zone, respectively. In the hybrid weld, the microstructure, alloy element distribution and microhardness all have evident difference between laser zone and arc zone. The microstructure of arc zone consists of coarse columnar dendrite and fine acicular dendrite between the columnar dendrites, but that of laser zone is composed of fine equiaxed dendrite in weld center and columnar dendrite around the equiaxed dendrite. Compared to arc zone, laser zone has finer grain size, higher microhardness, smaller alloy element content in the fusion zone and narrower heat affected zone. The discussions demonstrated that the observed difference was caused by the difference of temperature gradient, crystallizing and the effects of arc pressure on the molten pool between laser zone and arc zone.  相似文献   

12.
The microstructure characteristics of laser forming repaired (LFR) Ti60 (Ti-5.6Al-4.8Sn-2Zr-1Mo-0.35Si-0.3Nb) as-deposited and annealed samples are analyzed. The microstructure of as-deposited repaired zone (RZ) consists of epitaxial columnar prior β grains, in which fine woven α laths and β-phase between α laths exist. The heat-affected zone (HAZ) experiences a continuous microstructural transition from duplex microstructure of the base metal zone (BMZ) to the microstructure of RZ. The presence of silicide precipitates is observed in both RZ and BMZ in an annealed sample by transmission electron microscopy. They are identified as (Ti, Zr) 6 Si 3 distributed mainly at the α/β interface with the size of 100 300 nm. The fine αprecipitates are detected in BMZ by electron diffraction; there was no α detected in RZ.  相似文献   

13.
The microstructure and residual stress of laser rapid formed (LRFed) nickel-base superalloy Inconel 718 was investigated. The as-deposited microstructure of an LRFed Inconel 718 alloy is composed of columnar dendrites growing epitaxially along the deposition direction, and the columnar dendrites transformed to unevenly distributed equiaxed grains after annealing treatment at high temperature. Residual stress evaluation in microstructure scale by Vickers micro-indentation method indicates that the residual thermal stress is unevenly distributed in the LRFed sample, and it has a significant effect on the recrystallization during solution annealing treatment. The residual stress is introduced by rapid heating and cooling during laser rapid forming. There is an alternative distribution between high residual stress regions and low residual stress regions, within a single deposited layer, resulting in a similar distribution of recrystallized grain size.  相似文献   

14.
Crack formation in laser cladding of the hardfacing alloy Stellite 1 on AISI-SAE 4340 steel was prevented through locally preheating the substrate prior to the deposition process. Numerical analysis showed that the preheating process helps developing a relatively steadier melt temperature as well as decreasing the cooling rates and consequently the thermal stresses during the subsequent deposition process. Microstructural analysis revealed a thicker cross-section with smoother surface profile, more uniform surface hardness and even distribution of a dendritic morphology in the preheated sample. This confirmed the presence of a well-developed melt pool with a homogeneous composition at solidification. The microstructure of non-preheated sample was, however, considerably non-uniform consisting of macro-scale colonies of dendritic and lamellar (eutectic) structures. The experimental observations, as implied through the numerical results, showed that the preheated sample, in general, reveals more uniform structure and properties making it less prone to cracking during the deposition process.  相似文献   

15.
系统研究了选区激光熔化(SLM)及热处理工艺对钴铬合金组织与性能的影响。通过设计正交实验,利用EOS M290选区激光熔化设备,优化钴铬合金成型的工艺参数;利用XRD、扫描电镜(SEM)、硬度仪及万能材料试验机对选区激光熔化钴铬合金的显微组织结构、物相组成及力学性能进行观察与测试。研究结果表明,选区激光熔化成型的最佳工艺参数为:扫描间距0.08 mm,扫描速度1110 mm/s,激光功率335 W,能量密度4.8 J/mm2,获得的致密度高达99.18%,且最佳的填充角度为67。SLM成型的钴铬合金的物相主要由相及少量相共存,微观组织由细小均匀的胞状晶及柱状晶构成;其硬度、抗拉强度及延伸率分别为41.0HRC,1032 MPa,10%,断裂机制主要为穿晶脆性断裂。热处理后显微组织发生相变,主要为相及少量相,并产生少量强化相M23C6(M=Cr,Mo,W);其硬度、抗拉强度及延伸率分别提升了6.1%,35.9%和17.6%,断裂机制主要为准解理断裂。  相似文献   

16.
激光熔覆TiC陶瓷涂层的组织和摩擦磨损性能研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
孙荣禄  杨贤金 《光学技术》2006,32(2):287-289
采用激光熔覆技术在TC4合金表面上制备了TiC陶瓷涂层,分析了熔覆层的微观组织,测试了熔覆层的硬度和摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:TiC激光熔覆层分为熔覆区和稀释区两个区域,熔覆区未受到基底的稀释,由TiC颗粒和TiC树枝晶组成;稀释区受到了基底的稀释,由TiC树枝晶和钛合金组成;TiC激光熔覆层的显微硬度在HV700~1500之间,明显地改善了TC4合金表面的摩擦和磨损性能。  相似文献   

17.
Rebuilding of metal components with laser cladding forming   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Laser cladding forming (LCF) is a novel powerful tool for the repairing of metal components. Rebuilding of V-grooves on medium carbon steel substrates has been carried out with laser cladding forming technique using stainless steel powder as the cladding material. Microstructure of the deposited layers has been characterized using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDAX), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical properties of the rebuilt V-groove samples have been evaluated by tensile and impacting tests and microhardness measurement. Experimental results show that good fusion bonding between the rebuilt layers and the substrate has been formed, and the microstructure of the cladding layers is mainly composed of fine, dense and defect-free epitaxial columnar dendrites. Due to the effect of grain size refinement, the tensile strength, impacting toughness, elongation and microhardness of the rebuilt samples have been greatly enhanced compared to those of the substrate. Microhardness is also very uniform throughout the rebuilt regions. With the growth of the deposited layers, the microhardness increases gradually. The good ductility of the deposited regions is verified by the SEM fracture analysis.  相似文献   

18.
J. Chen 《哲学杂志》2013,93(27):4341-4350
The structure and microstructure of La0.8MnO3 thin films on SrTiO3 substrates, fabricated by pulsed laser deposition at substrate temperatures of 873?K and 1073?K, have been studied by transmission electron microscopy. In both films, columnar growth morphology has been observed. The columnar grain size is found to increase with increasing substrate temperature. In the film deposited at a substrate temperature of 1073?K, there is only one rhombohedral phase. However, two phases, a rhombohedral one and an orthorhombic one, have been observed in the film deposited at 873?K.  相似文献   

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