2-[(4-羟基苯基)偶氮]蒽醌的合成及其阴离子识别

以酚羟基为识别位点,蒽醌基和偶氮基为信号报告基团,设计合成了识别阴离子的主体分子2-[(4-羟基苯基)偶氮]蒽醌.紫外-可见吸收光谱结果表明,在DMSO介质中,主体分子可以“裸眼”识别F-和Ac-,吸收光谱发生显著变化,溶液颜色由黄色变为蓝绿色,其它阴离子不影响其对F-和Ac-的识别.初步探讨了识别机理,表明主体分子与阴离子之间形成氢键促进了分子内电荷转移,使吸收光谱发生显著红移,溶剂对主体分子与阴离子之间的反应存在影响.     

N-芳基-N′-(4-乙氧基苯甲酰基)硫脲衍生物阴离子识别性能的光谱研究

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱及1H NMR考察了两种N-芳基-N′-(4-乙氧基苯甲酰基)硫脲作为受体分子与F-,Cl-,Br-,I-,CH3COO-,H2PO4-,HSO4-,NO3-等阴离子的作用.结果表明,客体阴离子F-,CH3COO-,H2PO4-可以与该类受体分子形成氢键配合物,溶液颜色由无色转变为黄色,而加入其他阴离子则无变化.测定了主客体配合物的稳定常数和化学配位比,对苯环上不同取代基的受体分子与不同阴离子客体的识别作用以及同一受体对不同阴离子的识别作用进行了比较,其识别性能呈现规律性变化,提出了可能的配合物的结合模式.     

N-芳基-N＇-（4-乙氧基苯甲酰基）硫脲衍生物阴离子识别性能的光谱研究

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱及^1H NMR考察了两种N-芳基-N＇-（4-乙氧基苯甲酰基）硫脲作为受体分子与F^-，Cl^-，Br^-，I^-，CH3COO^-，H2PO4^-，HSO4^-，NO3^-等阴离子的作用。结果表明，客体阴离子F^-，CH3COO^-，H2PO4^-可以与该类受体分子形成氢键配合物，溶液颜色由无色转变为黄色，而加入其他阴离子则无变化。测定了主客体配合物的稳定常数和化学配位比，对苯环上不同取代基的受体分子与不同阴离子客体的识别作用以及同一受体对不同阴离子的识别作用进行了比较，其识别性能呈现规律性变化，提出了可能的配合物的结合模式。     

茜素应用于识别硼酸的研究

应用紫外-可见分光光度法研究了茜素与硼酸之间的识别行为,结果表明,在pH 9.0Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4缓冲介质中,茜素与硼酸形成1∶1稳定络合物,使茜素的吸收光谱发生明显蓝移,溶液颜色由玫红色变为橙黄色,阴离子F-、Cl-、Br-、I-、Ac-、NO-3、C2O24-等均未引起茜素的吸收光谱及溶液颜色发生明显变化,因此茜素可以选择性识别硼酸。初步探讨了茜素与硼酸之间的相互作用机理,并对茜素识别硼酸与茜素识别阴离子的机理进行了比较。     

缩酮席夫碱类阴离子识别的量子化学研究

缩酮席夫碱是良好的阴离子识别剂,利用量子化学密度泛函理论研究了3种缩酮席夫碱阴离子受体与阴离子客体相结合的空间结构、电荷分布、结合能等方面的变化,计算结果表明,阴离子受体分子的阴离子结合位点位于亚氨基-NH-部,受体分子和阴离子间通过氢键相互作用,阴离子有一部分负电荷转移到受体分子中,且转移的电荷量为R3-3 R3-2 R3-1,在考察的阴离子中,F~-与受体分子的结合能最大,而在3种受体分子中,R3-3对阴离子结合能最大.计算模拟结果,与实验情况相吻合.     

发光型主体分子胍基芘识别二羧酸根阴离子

在质子性溶剂甲醇中，发光型主体分子胍基芘通过氢键与二羧酸根阴离子结合，自组装形成2：1的主客体超分子复合物，本文采用前表面反射荧光检测，通过跟踪主体分子结合客体前后芘的激基二聚体与单体荧光强度比值的变化，研究了胍基芘对不同酸根数目，不同取代位置的苯取代羧酸盐，磺酸盐，长链二羧酸盐以及双羧基氨基酸的识别能力和识别选择性，结果表明，胍基芘对二羧酸根阴离子的识别能力与客体分子中两个羧基间的距离，分子的平面构型以及取代基的种类密切相关，1，2，4，5－苯四甲酸根的识别效果远远好于其他二羧酸根阴离子。     

N-邻羟基萘甲酰胺基-N′-苯基硫脲的合成及其对阴离子的识别

设计合成了3种N-邻羟基萘甲酰胺基-N′-苯基硫脲类化合物,通过核磁共振谱和质谱表征了其结构。应用吸收光谱和荧光光谱考察了在乙腈中其与F-、CH3CO2-、H2PO4-、HSO4-、Cl-和Br-等阴离子的相互作用。结果表明,该类主体分子与阴离子形成结合比为1∶1氢键配合物,通过改变萘环上酰基和羟基的相邻位置可调控识别作用的选择性,它们与阴离子作用分别在355、367nm和372nm出现最大吸收峰,荧光光谱显示它们对F-有突出的响应灵敏度,可选择性识别F-。     

1,3-双(1-苯基-1H-四唑-5-巯基)-乙酰苯腙钳形受体对卤素阴离子的识别机理

采用密度泛函B3LYP(Becke, three-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr)和HF(Hatree-Fock)方法, 从理论上探讨了1,3-双(1-苯基-1H-四唑-5-巯基)-乙酰苯腙(DAPHZ)钳形受体对卤素阴离子的识别机理,结果发现DAPHZ受体以其钳形结构中的-N-H基团与卤素阴离子间形成双侧红移氢键进行识别. 经BSSE校正后DAPHZ•••F-, DAPHZ•••Cl-和DAPHZ•••Br-体系的分子识别相互作用能ΔECP分别为-327.5,-163.5和-148.3 kJmol-1, 说明钳形DAPHZ受体对F-具有最好的识别能力. 此外, 采用自然键轨道(NBO)计算, 相关H原子化学位移计算及分子中原子(AIM)等理论分析了识别体系中红移氢键的电子结构和性质, 结果表明APHZ受体对卤素阴离子的识别能力的相对顺序为DAPHZ•••F- >> DAPHZ•••Cl- ≈ DAPHZ•••Br-.     

1,3-双(1-苯基-1H-四唑-5-巯基)-乙酰苯腙钳形受体对卤素阴离子的识别机理

采用密度泛函B3LYP(Becke, three-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr)和HF(Hatree-Fock)方法, 从理论上探讨了1,3-双(1-苯基-1H-四唑-5-巯基)-乙酰苯腙(DAPHZ)钳形受体对卤素阴离子的识别机理,结果发现DAPHZ受体以其钳形结构中的-N-H基团与卤素阴离子间形成双侧红移氢键进行识别. 经BSSE校正后DAPHZ•••F-, DAPHZ•••Cl-和DAPHZ•••Br-体系的分子识别相互作用能ΔECP分别为-327.5,-163.5和-148.3 kJmol-1, 说明钳形DAPHZ受体对F-具有最好的识别能力. 此外, 采用自然键轨道(NBO)计算, 相关H原子化学位移计算及分子中原子(AIM)等理论分析了识别体系中红移氢键的电子结构和性质, 结果表明APHZ受体对卤素阴离子的识别能力的相对顺序为DAPHZ•••F- >> DAPHZ•••Cl- ≈ DAPHZ•••Br-.     

芘四磺酸四钠盐光物理性质的研究

本文利用吸收光谱、荧光光谱以及时间分辨瞬态吸收光谱研究芘四磺酸四钠盐的光物理特性.研究结果表明,芘四磺酸四钠盐在水溶液中的荧光量子产额高达0.54.在纳秒时间分辨瞬态吸收光谱研究中发现芘四磺酸四钠盐具有很长的三重态寿命(3.5ms),这有利于将其作为光敏化分子把激发能传给其它受体分子;芘四磺酸四钠盐被光激发后,可能发生双光子吸收过程并产生芘四磺酸四钠盐阳离子,其吸收峰为460nm和505nm.由实验结果,我们给出了其动力学过程的解释.     

A Zinc-dipicolylethylenediamine Modified Near Infrared Fluorophore for Sensing of ATP

The development of fluorescent probes for sensing of anions in biological environments is still a demanding task. Due to the structural versatility of biological active anions there are many challenges to cope with compared to fluoroionophores for the determination of metal cations. This concerns particularly the design of the recognition element, which has to provide a selective response, preferably unaffected by alterations of pH and ionic strength. Polyphosphate anions such as ATP are interesting targets in bioanalysis because they are involved in many enzymatic reactions and bear versatile biological functions. Zinc dipicolylamine complexes attached to fluorophores have been turned out to be promising candidates for ATP sensing with sufficient sensitivity and selectivity. We now report the first NIR probe that responds to ATP based on a zinc dipicolylethylenediamine receptor. It shows a “turn-on” fluorescence behavior which is selective to other polyphosphate species even at high ionic strength of the sample solution.     

氯柱硼镁石在硼酸溶液中溶解转化的Raman光谱

利用Raman光谱对氯柱硼镁石在30℃时,45%的硼酸水溶液中溶解相转化过程进行了研究。研究结果表明相转化产物为库水硼镁石(2MgO·3B2O3·15H2O)。根据Raman光谱位移对溶液中各种聚硼酸根B(OH)-4,B2O(OH)2-6,B3O3(OH)-4等阴离子的Raman峰进行了归属以及它们间的相互作用分别进行了讨论分析。提出了溶液中硼氧配阴离子的存在形式及其相互作用机理和我国青藏高原盐湖区库水硼镁石形成的地球化学成盐条件和机理。     

The structure and radiophysical properties of solutions of salts in liquid polar dielectrics

Solutions of metal salts in liquid polar dielectrics are treated as systems of interacting charged particles, that is, cations, anions, and water molecules around cations and anions. The size of solvated ion-clusters is estimated in the approximation of the existence of a self-consistent field in solution volume. The behavior of solutions under the action of external electric field and electromagnetic wave is analyzed. The condition under which a solution of a salt in a liquid polar dielectric reflects electromagnetic waves of a certain frequency is found.     

Dawson结构钼钒磷电荷转移配合物的合成及光谱研究

由(E)N丁基4(2(4二甲氨基苯基)乙烯基)吡啶溴化物与Dawson结构钼钒磷杂多酸合成了一系列组成为(C19H25N2)6Hn[P2Mo18-nVnO62]的有机无机电荷转移配合物。用红外光谱、紫外可见光谱、固体漫反射可见近红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱等研究了阴阳离子在固态和溶液中的相互作用。结果表明,该系列固体配合物中阴阳离子间存在着较强的相互作用。     

Competition between counterions and active protein sites to bind bisquaternary ammonium groups. A combined mass spectrometry and quantum chemistry model study

A model study of the interaction between biologically active bisquaternary ammonium salts and their molecular targets in living systems is urgently needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the interactions between these compounds. To address this need a combined experimental-computational study of the interaction of two tetramethylammonium cations (modeling two quaternary groups) with the chlorine anion and with the deprotonated 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (modeling a carboxylic group and an aromatic ring of side radicals of proteins) has been performed. Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry method and DFT/B3LYP/6-31++G^** and MP2/6-31++G^** calculations have been employed in the study. Stable noncovalent complexes with different ratios of the tetramethylammonium cations and chlorine anions or deprotonated 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid anions were registered in the mass spectra of tetramethylammonium chloride and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid mixture. This finding shows that the organic and inorganic anions compete to bind tetramethylammonium in the studied system. The theoretically determined stabilities of the noncovalent complexes were compared with the relative stabilities evaluated from the mass spectrometric measurements. The results of the study allow us to elucidate the competing interactions that exist between quaternary groups with inorganic counterions or with active groups of molecular protein targets.     

基于含偶氮酚羟基席夫碱新型简单比色传感器

通过简单的步骤合成了一个新型的N-(2-羟基-5-氯二苯酮基)-N'-[2-羟基-5-偶氮苯基-苯甲醛]-1,2-二苯胺受体,并有很高的产率．利用紫外光谱研究了受体的阴离子识别的性质．结果表明受体对F^-、AcO^-和H₂PO₄^-有很高的结合能力,而对Cl^-、Br^-和I^-没有结合能力．在受体的二甲基亚砜溶液中加入三种有结合能力的阴离子时,溶液展示了从无色到黄色的明显颜色变化,可以通过裸眼识别．在其它卤素离子存在下受体可以担当氟离子的传感器．紫外数据证明受体与阴离子通过氢键的相互作用形成1:1化学计量比的复合物.     

Fluorescent Studies of Salicylaldehyde and Other Related Carbonyl Compounds for the Selective and Sensitive Detection of Zinc(II) Ions in Aqueous Solution

Salicylaldehyde was found to have a high selectivity for zinc ions with simultaneous enhancement of fluorescence in aqueous buffer solution at optimum pH 8.5. The stoichiometry of the complex was determined to be 1:1 with a K(a) value of 3.4 × 10(4) M(-1) at 298 K. The fluorescence of the complex is not affected by common anions and Zn(2+) binds preferentially to salicylaldehyde in the presence of alkali, alkaline earth and heavy metal cations (Hg(2+), Cd(2+), Cr(3+) and Ni(2+)). This property is not observed with related phenolic compounds bearing a carbonyl group such as esters, amides, carboxylic acids and ketones.     

Effects of ultrasound on the reaction step of boric acid production process from colemanite

Colemanite is one of the most important boron minerals used for production of boric acid. Boric acid (H(3)BO(3)) is produced by the reaction of colemanite (2CaO.3B(2)O(3).5H(2)O) with sulfuric acid in a heterogeneous solid-liquid reaction leading to crystallization of gypsum as a byproduct.The influence of ultrasound on the dissolution of colemanite in H(2)SO(4) solution and on the precipitation of the gypsum during the reaction was investigated. Experiments have been carried out in a batch stirred vessel at 85 degrees C in the absence and presence of ultrasound. The stirring rates were chosen as 600 rpm (for 500-600 microm) and 800 rpm (for 1000-1180 microm) to provide a homogeneous suspension during the reaction. The boric acid and calcium ion concentrations in the solution were determined as a function of time. The results showed that ultrasound enhances the dissolution of colemanite and precipitation rate of the gypsum in the solution after 1h. It has been shown that the use of ultrasound decreases the size of gypsum crystals.