封闭空间自适应有源噪声控制误差传声器的最优布放

对于封闭空间有源噪声控制,本文研究了在次级声源布放确定的情况下,如何选择误差传声器的数目及位置以取得最大降噪量的问题.理论分析及仿真结果表明:误差传声器布放准则与次级声源布放准则类似.同时,本文提出误差信号内插法,以减少误差传声器数目,提高降噪量。     

局部空间自适应宽带有源消声

本文提出一个局部空间自适应宽带有源消声系统,该系统能实现有源消声所要求的任意带宽噪声在局部空间衰减,能自动补偿背景噪声及消声装置中不可控参数及噪声源变化对消声效果的影响.自适应滤波由TMS 32010数字信号处理器采用NLMS算法多路并行处理完成.实验结果表明:对普通房间中的单次级源布置方式,在主次级源前方1m,±30°扇面区域内,该系统对20—600Hz内的宽带噪声抵消,取得的最大降噪量在25dB(A)以上.     

自适应宽带有源消声

实际中存在的噪声,一般都是窄带或有色宽带噪声(简称宽带噪声),而宽带噪声更为普遍.为使宽带自适应有源消声(AANC)得到实际应用,必须保证宽带AANC系统具有良好的稳定性和较高的降噪量.为此,本文对AANC系统稳态性能作了理论分析和数值计算,得到了系统降噪量对噪声带宽、空间声传播通道、自适应滤波器参数等的依赖关系;以自由声场远场AANC为例,从声学角度对AANC系统作了物理解释,从而为改进宽带AANC系统性能提供理论依据.     

有源声屏障中误差传感器的位置优化

有源声屏障利用有源控制系统提高声屏障低频段的降噪效果。有源控制系统中误差传感器的位置对整个系统的降噪效果有较大的影响。通过数值模拟和实验研究误差传感器的位置优化问题,得出了有源控制系统中误差传感器摆放位置的两条结论:(1)所介绍的三种摆放中,误差传感器的位置在次级声源的正上方时,有源控制系统在屏障后方声影区引入的新增插入损失最好,特别是对于距离屏障较远的区域;(2)当误差传感器的位置在次级声源的正上方时,误差传感器与次级声源间的距离存在一个最优距离使得屏障后方声影区的衍射声得到最好的降低。     

空间有源消声实验研究

本文分别在半声室和普通房间进行有源消声实验，证明了作者以前提出的算法是收敛的，稳定的，以此算法构成的多通道有源消声系统对直达声和混响声都能进行了有效的控制。     

空间有源消声的微机控制

本文讨论了通用微机控制空间有源消声，以修正的ＰＩＤ算法加上逻辑判断构成的控制软件，使得系统收敛迅速，跟踪速度快，消声效果令人满意，而且系统工作稳定可靠。     

空间有源消声的微机控制

本文讨论用通用微机控制空间有源消声．以修正的PID（比例、积分、微分）算法加上逻辑判断构成的控制软件，使得系统收敛迅速，跟踪速度快，消声效果令人满意，而且系统工作稳定可靠，     

自适应有源消声中的FMLMS算法研究及实现

因简便易行而在自适应有源噪声控制(AdaptiveActiveNoiseControl,简称AANC)中广泛应用的滤波-XLMS算法(简称FLMS算法),由于其对输入向量自相关矩阵特征值分散程度的敏感性强,从而限制了它在AANC中的应用范围。木文提出了滤波-XMLMS算法(简称FMLMS算法),是在原FLMS算法基础上增加了一个动量项。通过大量的理论分析、计算机仿真和实时实验,证明了该算法在单通道自由声场的AANC中有着比FLMS算法优越的性能。     

弹性结构封闭空间有源消声

本文研究了外力激励弹性结构条件下封闭空间有源消声问题。首先根据声弹性理论,提出分步代入法求解初、次级声场,然后以矩形空间为例,研究了不同介质条件下有源消声规律。结果表明:对于弹性结构封闭空间有源消声,当结构一声腔耦合较弱时,次级声源基本上只能抵消声腔模态;当结构一声腔耦合较强时,次级声源不仅能抵消声腔模态,而且对抵消与声腔模态耦合良好的结构模态辐射声也有作用。最后,以有限长圆柱封闭空间为模型,完成了结构受点力激励,腔内为空气介质和水介质条件下的单次级声源有源消声实验。验证了理论结果。     

Optimization of the number and the positions of error sensors in adaptive active sound control

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Development of adaptive algorithm for active sound quality control

This paper develops an active sound-quality control (ASQC) system based on the active noise equalization (ANE) technique, and optimizes it with the filtered-error least mean square (FELMS) algorithm and normalized reference signal generator. The ASQC system controls the sound quality of products such as engines by changing the amplitudes of harmonics. This optimized system uses the FELMS algorithm to limit disturbances in the passband caused by uncorrelated interferences with high gains in the secondary path, thereby increasing the system stability. It achieves fast convergence by normalizing the amplitudes of internally generated sinusoids in the reference signal according to the magnitude response of the secondary path at the corresponding frequencies. Computer simulations demonstrate the desired spectral shaping capability with faster convergence and reduced passband disturbance.     

An adaptive digital filter for broadband active sound control

The application of digital filtering to active sound control systems has increased their flexibility and reliability thus enabling optimum devices to be produced. A further improvement is possible: the systems can be made adaptive so that optimum performance is maintained. An algorithm is presented for using the signal from a monitoring microphone to adjust the controller's characteristic. The optimum characteristic is obtained quickly due to the rapid convergence of the algorithm. The scheme has been used to control the sound transmitted in a wind tunnel which had a flow with a Mach number of 0·1. The adaptive scheme was able to cope with large variations in the flow velocity and consequent changes in the characteristic required to maintain optimum performance. The attenuation in sound level achieved in the duct came within 2 dB of the theoretical maximum (which is limited by coherence) over more than two octaves of broadband sound.     

水下充水圆柱声腔内声场自适应有源控制实验研究

本文研究了有限长充水圆柱置于水中，外声场透射形成的腔内声场自适应有源控制实验研究，结果显示，由于圆柱结构与水介质的耦合，有源控制中的声控制方法能够较好的抵消声腔主导模态和强耦合的结构主导模态，因而能够抵消在圆柱腔内较宽频带范围的声场，实验还研究了消声频带，误差传感器布放位置及肖声区域等问题。     

Multi-domain active sound control and noise shielding

This paper describes an active sound control methodology based on difference potentials. The main feature of this methodology is its ability to automatically preserve "wanted" sound within a domain while cancelling "unwanted" noise from outside the domain. This method of preservation of the wanted sounds by active shielding control is demonstrated with various broadband and realistic sound sources such as human voice and music in multiple domains in a one-dimensional enclosure. Unlike many other conventional active control methods, the proposed approach does not require the explicit characterization of the wanted sound to be preserved. The controls are designed based on the measurements of the total field on the boundaries of the shielded domain only, which is allowed to be multiply connected. The method is tested in a variety of experimental cases. The typical attenuation of the unwanted noise is found to be about 20 dB over a large area of the shielded domain and the original wanted sound field is preserved with errors of around 1 dB and below through a broad frequency range up to 1 kHz.     

充液管路系统流体声与结构声的复合有源控制

采用基于谐频自适应控制算法的有源消声与消振系统对充液管路系统突出的低频线谱噪声进行有源控制实验研究.建立了泵水循环管路实验系统,在管路中安装有源消声器对流体声进行控制,在管路出口障板上采用8×8通道有源消振系统控制结构声辐射。开展的低频线谱噪声与振动有源控制实验结果表明,在50~200 Hz频带内,通过结合有源噪声与振动控制可在多数频点取得10 dB以上的降噪效果。针对该实验系统,通过分别控制流体声和结构声分析了两者的贡献.实验结果验证了有源消声与消振系统具有较好的降噪性能,各频点处流体声与结构声占比情况不同,需要综合控制流体声与结构声才可以取得显著的降噪效果。     

A demonstration of active control of broadband sound

This paper describes a short experiment undertaken to demonstrate how easily broad-band active control of sound can be used to tackle real industrial problems. Ten decibles of the low frequency sound entering an anechoic chamber through a lobby was blocked by using a single degree of freedom system. The experiment was set up, tested and demonstrated in a day.     

基于平面声源进行结构声辐射有源控制的实验研究

采用分布式平面声源作为次级声源,对振动钢板的声辐射进行了抵消实验,验证了以往研究中的一系列关键理论。实验研究结果表明:一个平面声源可以控制钢板奇-奇模态的声辐射,两个平面源可以控制结构偶-奇或奇-偶模态的声辐射,同时也可以控制结构奇-奇模态的声辐射;平面声源的面积和布放位置对降噪效果有重要影响,采用单个平面声源控制时,平面声源面积越大,控制效果越好;基于近场声压的误差传感策略是有效可行的,实际中,将近场测量面的声功率作为有源控制的目标函数与总声功率作为目标函数是一致的;控制后远场声压和声强都得到有效降低,部分区域的声能向声源流动,近场声压及声强分布也发生显著变化。     

基于平面声源实施结构声辐射有源控制的理论研究

摘要研究了利用分布式平面声源对结构声辐射进行有源控制的问题。首先建立了系统的数学模型,然后推导了有源控制条件下次级声源的强度和声功率降低的计算公式。在实际应用中,次级声源参数(面积大小、安放位置、个数等)对控制效果有重要影响,本文基于有源控制的物理机理和数值仿真研究这些问题。结果表明: -般情况下,次级声源板的振动模态分布与初级结构振动模态分布不相同,因此,在低频范围内,需要至少4个分布式次级声源,方能有效地控制初级结构声辐射。