全息平面变间距光栅位移传感器研究

基于变间距光栅位移传感器的基本原理,研究了高线密度变化率全息平面变间距光栅的制作方法.所作的变间距光栅已应用在变间距光栅位移传感器中,原理样机测试结果表明,系统分辨率可以达到0.05 mm,相对误差可以控制在0.2% FS之内,优于设计指标.     

信息光学 全息术与器件

O438.1 2006032242全息平面变间距光栅刻线弯曲程度分析=Study on line-profiles of variable line-space plane gratings with holo-graphic recording[刊,中]/楼俊(中国科学技术大学国家同步辐射实验室.安徽,合肥(230029)) ,徐向东…∥光学精密工程.—2006 ,14(1) .—12-15简述了全息变间距光栅的几何理论,研究了不同记录参数情况下的刻线弯曲程度。给出了用于评价光栅刻线弯曲程序的表达式,并推导出了它的积分形式,使计算效率提高了2 ~3倍。结果表明,球面波与非球面波干涉得到的光栅线条并不一定比球面波干涉得到的线条要平直。图2表2参…     

使用辅助光栅的平面变间距全息光栅加工理论研究

变间距全息光栅具有自聚焦和消像差功能,是高分辨率光谱仪与同步辐射单色器中的重要元件。研究了使用平面等间距光栅产生非球面波,记录平面变间距全息光栅的方法。根据几何光学的光线追迹理论,推导了光栅参量的四阶解析表达式。并基于费马原理,提出了记录光路的光线追迹数值算法。应用所推导的光栅参量四阶表达式,仿真设计了变间距全息光栅。通过合理选择记录参量,可以避免光栅基底受到零级及高阶衍射光场的影响。设计结果表明,理论光栅线密度与要求值相当符合;经光线追迹数值算法验证,解析表达式的展开误差在整个记录区域内小于1.5线;考虑到实际加工工艺允许误差,使用辅助光栅的记录光路对记录参量的误差并不敏感;设计实例证明了解析表达式的有效性,以及使用辅助光栅的记录光路的优越性。     

Ⅳ型凹面全息光栅参数误差对光谱性能的影响及补偿

在Ⅳ型凹面全息光栅制作和使用过程中,各参数误差会影响其光谱性能.光栅均方根法优化函数表达式复杂且不能给出光谱的带宽.由费马原理推导出一种数值处理较为简单且能直接描述光谱带宽的光栅优化函数——平方和法优化函数,验证了该函数的正确性.采用该函数对Ⅳ型凹面全息光栅使用参数和记录参数在参考平面内外的误差对光谱性能的影响及补偿做...     

体全息成像系统中非周期体光栅的深度选择性研究

由一束球面波和一束平面波或者两束球面波干涉所形成的体全息光栅,由于其光栅矢量在全息图体积内是随位置的变化而变化的,所以被称为非周期型的体光栅。主要研究了用于体全息三维成像系统的非周期体光栅的深度选择特性。根据叠加的原理,将非周期体光栅看作多个固定周期的基元体光栅的叠加,结合耦合波理论分析非周期体光栅的衍射特性。采用这一方法,利用Matlab软件模拟,研究了两束记录光夹角对所记录的非周期体光栅深度选择性的影响和在两束记录光夹角相同时,球面参考光体全息成像系统及平面参考光体全息成像系统深度选择性的差别,最后在光折变晶体材料中进行非周期型和周期型体光栅的记录和再现,对模拟结果进行了实验验证。     

双光束干涉条纹间距的在线测量

双光束干涉是物理光学中的重要内容，也是全息光栅制作的光学原理．本采用CCD光电传感器^[1]在线测量双光束干涉条纹间距的方法，来确定全息光栅常量的实验原理及实验装置，对了解全息照相及计算机在线测量技术是有益的。     

极紫外波段平面变栅距全息光栅的优化设计

为制作应用于极紫外波段(50~150 nm)的变栅距全息光栅,提出了一种新的应用于球面波曝光系统的优化算法,即改进的局部优化算法。根据仪器使用要求构建了期望刻线密度函数,并以此建立优化目标函数,其特点是使四个目标函数转化为多变量、带约束的一个目标函数,变为非线性优化问题。使用改进的局部算法时,由于对目标函数进行了加权,赋予了初值多样性,限定了记录参数取值,给出了刻线密度系数的约束条件,从而改变了各项系数对目标函数值的贡献,有效地降低了刻线密度函数系数的误差,提高了刻线函数符合程度及光栅分辨率。与常规局部优化算法相比较,使用改进的局部优化算法可使刻线密度函数与期望刻线密度函数绝对误差在0~0.02 line/mm范围内,提高一个数量级,分辨能力可由4000提高至17000以上。结果表明,只要优化方法选择得当,使用简单的球面波曝光系统可以制作高分辨率的变栅距全息光栅。     

基于遗传算法的全息光栅逆向优化设计

光栅是单色仪的核心器件,光栅的像差校正能力对单色仪性能有着决定性作用.本文研究了基于光线追迹点列图数值分析的遗传算法实现,建立了针对全息光栅成像质量的评价函数,并利用遗传算法实现了全息光栅的优化设计.结果表明,利用遗传算法可以简化求解过程,降低最优参量的误差,并克服局部极值的问题,明显优于阻尼最小二乘法.     

基于遗传算法的全息光栅逆向优化设计

光栅是单色仪的核心器件,光栅的像差校正能力对单色仪性能有着决定性作用.本文研究了基于光线追迹点列图数值分析的遗传算法实现,建立了针对全息光栅成像质量的评价函数,并利用遗传算法实现了全息光栅的优化设计.结果表明,利用遗传算法可以简化求解过程,降低最优参量的误差,并克服局部极值的问题,明显优于阻尼最小二乘法.     

高频可变间距全息光栅的制作方法的计算机模拟研究

提出了一种制作高频线性可变频率光栅的新方法，并给出了光栅空间频率的表达式.通过在相干的两光路中插入特殊透镜，可以实现线性可变空间频率光栅的制作，而且通过适当地调节实验参数可以改变空间频率的变化率.给出了相应的模拟全息图. 关键词： 全息光栅 全息 可变间距光栅     

高质量全息光栅实验系统研究

基于全息光栅在信息光学及光谱仪中的重要地位,对全息光栅进行了理论分析,提出了一种新的制作高质量全息光栅的实验系统.该实验系统的优点在于:将激光器发出的高斯光束改造成为均匀平面光波,以此平面光波作为光源可以制作出高质量的全息光栅.     

制造全息光栅的新装置

本文报道一种利用洛埃镜原理制造全息光栅的新装置及其调整方法.该装置具有光学系统简单,干涉条纹定位精度高和调整方便等优点,可制造性能良好的全息光栅.     

Dynamic analysis of holographic gratings in amulti-wavelength visible light sensitive photopolymer

A dynamic theoretical model of photochemistry and hologram formation in holographic photopolymer is established, and the dynamic development process of holographic gratings in the photopolymer is discussed with the model. A novel multi-wavelength visible light sensitive photopolymer for holographic storage is prepared. The influence of exposure wavelength on holographic storage characteristics is analysed. By fitting the experimental data of transmittance and diffraction efficiency to a function of time with different exposure intensities and wavelengths, the variations of dynamic parameters of photochemistry and photopolymerization diffusion are presented.     

Effect of recording conditions on the anisotropic diffraction of volume holographic gratings

The anisotropic Bragg diffraction of the volume holographic gratings in photorefractive crystals are investigated based on the model of anisotropic coupled-wave theory. The effect of the initial intensity ratio and the recording angles of the two recording waves on the anisotropic Bragg diffraction properties is discussed. It is shown that both the ratio of the initial intensity and the incident angles of the recording waves are selective action for the anisotropic Bragg diffraction efficiency of the volume holographic gratings, while these two recording conditions are not selective action for the isotropic Bragg diffraction. Furthermore, the Bragg phase matching condition of anisotropic diffraction is analyzed when the recording angles change.     

Modified phase contrast for recording of holographic optical elements

A modified phase contrast method is described for the fabrication of holographic optical elements with in-line diffraction patterns. In this method, a liquid crystal phase modulator is addressed by computer-generated holograms to achieve variable phase gratings. The phase gratings are imaged onto photosensitive material by a phase contrast method without a Fourier filter. We show the analytical treatment of the modified phase contrast method and demonstrate the application in holographic recording.     

Tilted and axis-shift Lloyd's mirror system for recording low-density and large-area holographic grating

It is difficult to record holographic gratings of low density (<100 lines/mm) and large area simultaneously using traditional holographic system. In order to produce both low-density and large-area holographic gratings, a tilted and axis-shift (TAS) Lloyd's mirror system was designed for recording such holographic gratings. The recording area will increase largely especially for gratings of low density, by setting the angle between the Lloyd's mirror and the substrate larger than 90°, and meanwhile, by enlarging the intersection angle of incident light and mirror surface. Insuring the projected area onto the substrate by reflex equal to the incident area directly onto the substrate, the optical axis was shifted to realize the maximization of utilization of interference area. The contrast of fringe pattern was analyzed by the coherence for the laser beam in the space and time scale. The TAS Lloyd's mirror system for 60 lines/mm grating in the contrast of 0.8 was optimized, and as a result, the interference area was increased by about 150 times comparing to the traditional Lloyd's mirror system using the Lloyd's mirror of same dimensions.     

Formation dynamics of nonvolatile crossed-beam photorefractive gratings in doubly doped LiNbO3 crystals: Theoretical investigation

The formation dynamics of crossed-beam photorefractive gratings formed by the method of two-center holographic recording in doubly doped LiNbO₃ crystals is investigated in this paper based on the theoretical model combining the two-center band transport model with the two-dimensional coupled-wave theory. The numerical simulations are presented for two-center holographic recording crossed-beam photorefractive gratings in LiNbO₃:Fe:Mn crystals. The temporal and spatial evolutions of the refractive index modulation and the diffraction efficiency are shown. The spatial variation of the wave intensity is also presented.