基于扭曲长周期光纤光栅的高灵敏度压力传感器

研究了高频CO2激光脉冲写入的长周期光纤光栅在扭曲状态下的横向负载特性.发现扭曲降低了光纤光栅谐振波长横向负载灵敏度的方向相关性,使得这种光栅在各圆周方向上谐振波长对横向负载都不敏感,而谐振峰幅度随横向负载的增加线性减小,且谐振峰幅度的负载灵敏度随扭曲率的增加而提高.在扭曲率为1.8°mm－1时负载灵敏度可达0.47 dB/(g·mm－1),是自由状态长周期光纤光栅横向负载灵敏度的7倍,最后给出了利用这种扭曲长周期光纤光栅通过强度解调实现压力传感的实验研究结果.     

高频CO2激光脉冲写入长周期光纤光栅的弯曲特性分析

分析了高频CO2激光脉冲写入的长周期光纤光栅弯曲的谐振波长漂移灵敏度、谐振峰幅值变化的机理,讨论了新型长周期光纤光栅弯曲方向相关性并进行了数值计算,分析结果与实验结果相符.     

基于弯曲不敏感光纤的长周期光纤光栅可调谐增益均衡器

对高频CO2激光脉冲方法在弯曲不敏感光纤中写入的长周期光纤光栅的弯曲特性进行了研究，发现其谐振峰幅值对弯曲相当敏感，为普通光纤中写入的长周期光纤光栅的2．8倍，并且谐振波长和谐振峰幅值在圆周方向上呈现的对应规律与普通光纤不同．即谐振峰幅值最敏感方向所对应的谐振波长对弯曲不敏感。根据该现象，提出了一种利用调节其弯曲度来实现增益控制的可调增益均衡器方案，并进行了实验验证，该方法实用、简单。     

腐蚀后的新型长周期光纤光栅特性研究

报道了高频CO2激光脉冲写入的长周期光纤光栅的腐蚀特性,即LPFG的谐振波长随腐蚀时间的变化线性地向长波方向漂移,而其谐振峰幅值变化却很小.首次对腐蚀后的长周期光纤光栅的基础特性进行了研究,发现其温度、应变、扭曲特性都未发生改变,而弯曲灵敏度比未腐蚀时的要小.从而得出了可用腐蚀来调整长周期光纤光栅谐振波长而不改变其特性的结论.     

光纤光栅的压力传感特性研究

对聚合物封装的光纤光栅的压力敏感特性进行了实验研究,在10MPa的压力范围内,光纤光栅中心波长的相对变化与外界压力成良好的线性关系,由于聚合物基底的带动作用,两种不同聚合物封装的光纤光栅的压力灵敏度分别为-3.96×10^-5/MPa和-6.28×10^-5/MPa,提高为裸光栅的20倍和31.7倍。     

涂有半导体气敏薄膜的长周期光纤光栅气敏传感特性理论分析

首先利用耦合模理论研究了长周期光纤光栅LPFG折射率敏感特性,数值计算了长周期光纤光栅透射谱谐振波长与环境介质折射率的关系。其次分析了半导体氧化物气敏膜光学特性机理,当气体与薄膜接触时,气体会使敏感膜的消光系数、吸收系数和相应的折射率发生变化。基于上述两点,提出可将气敏膜涂于光栅表面,利用气敏膜的折射率随环境气体成分和浓度变化而变化的特性,从而影响LPFG透射谱谐振波长的变化,通过检测波长的变化达到探测气体成分和浓度的目的。由于长周期光纤光栅对环境介质折射率的灵敏度高于光纤,且其传感信号属于波长调制,测量信号不受光强波动及光纤损耗的影响,因此其灵敏度比强度型光纤气体传感器高。     

新型弯曲不敏感光纤中写入的长周期光纤光栅

报道了一种用高频CO2激光器在有纳米环结构的新型弯曲不敏感光纤上写入的长周期光纤光栅。实验表明只有周期在两个特定的范围内的长周期光纤光栅在1200-1650nm波长范围内会有明显的谐振峰出现。对两个周期分别为295μm和470μm的长周期光纤光栅的温度和应变特性进行了研究。实验结果显示周期为295μm的长周期光纤光栅的...     

长周期光纤光栅扭曲传感器

发现用高频CO2激光写入的长周期光纤光栅的谐振波长会随光栅扭曲而线性变化。当顺时针扭曲时，谐振波长向长波方向漂移；逆时针扭曲时，谐振波长向短波方向漂移。该新型扭曲传感器不但能实现对扭曲率的直接测量，而且能判断扭曲方向，因此具有广泛的应用前景。     

光纤光栅温度传感的非线性现象

对光纤光栅温度传感反射波长相对漂移量与温度改变量的非线性问题进行了详细研究.通过对实验曲线的多项式拟合,求出了光纤光栅反射中心波长相对漂移量Δλ_C/λ_C与温度改变量ΔT的解析式,用对比法得到了温度灵敏度系数η表达式.取样计算表明:多项式能更好地反映Δλ_C/λ_C与ΔT的关系,证明了温度灵敏度系数η不是常量,而是随温度增加缓慢增大.     

一种基于新型长周期光纤光栅的动态增益均衡器

报道了一种用高频CO²激光脉冲写出的长周期光纤光栅的温度特性和弯曲特性.实验表明,这种长周期光纤光栅的波长漂移随温度的变化呈线性关系,它的透射峰幅值变化随弯曲量的变化也呈线性关系.基于这两种线性关系,通过控制新型长周期光纤光栅的谐振峰位置和幅度,动态平坦了一组掺铒光纤放大器增益谱线.实验结果表明在C波段32nm范围内掺铒光纤放大器增益谱线平坦度可动态调整为±0.7dB.     

Bend-insensitive long-period fiber grating sensors

A novel bend-insensitive long-period fiber grating (LPFG) sensor written using focused CO₂ laser pulses is demonstrated, for the first time, to our knowledge. It is found that the central wavelength shift of such a LPFG is only −0.018 nm even for a curvature of 1.1 m⁻¹ at the most bend-insensitive position of the LPFG. Experimental results show that the bend sensitivity of the central wavelength of the LPFG has a periodic distribution along its circular directions. Such a bend-insensitive sensor could be used to solve the problem of cross-sensitivity between bend and other measurands, such as temperature, strain or refractive index, which is an unsolved problem for LPFG sensors in practice. In addition, the bend sensitivity of the LPFG can be adjusted by selecting its circular positions.     

Highly sensitive bend sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer using photonic crystal fiber

Optical fiber bend sensor with photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is demonstrated experimentally. The results show that the PCF-based MZI is sensitive to bending with a sensitivity of 3.046 nm/m⁻¹ and is independent on temperature with a sensitivity of 0.0019 nm/°C, making it the best candidate for temperature insensitive bend sensors. To that end, another kind of bend sensor with higher sensitivity of 5.129 nm/m⁻¹ is proposed, which is constructed by combining an LPFG and an MZI with zero offset at the second splice mentioned above.     

Temperature sensitivity of long period fiber grating in SMF-28 fiber

In this paper we have presented long period fiber grating (LPFG) as temperature sensor. Temperature based sensors have found a number of applications in commercial and industrial fields. In LPFG based temperature sensors, they respond to shift in various peak resonant wavelengths corresponding to various attenuation bands of the transmission spectrum. Temperature effect on the various attenuation bands of a LPFG have been investigated to create a highly sensitive measurement device. The temperature sensitivities of various attenuation bands of a LPFG over the wavelength region of 1.1–1.7 μm, for a grating period of 280 μm period, are obtained by monitoring the wavelength shift of each peak resonant wavelength with temperature increment of 20 °C, ranging from 0 °C to 100 °C.     

长周期保偏光纤光栅的偏振特性研究

用高频CO2激光脉冲写入法在熊猫保偏光纤上写入长周期光纤光栅,并对其偏振特性进行了全面的试验研究.试验结果表明,在输入椭圆偏振光偏振角度0到2π的变化范围内,高频CO2激光脉冲写入法在熊猫保偏光纤上写入的长周期光纤光栅谐振峰幅值会随着入射椭圆偏振光偏振角度的改变发生以π为周期的周期性变化,并且相邻两谐振峰幅值变化趋势相反,相位差为π.在相同偏振角度下将两谐振峰幅值相减,其差值呈近似于锯齿波的周期性变化,周期也为π.在没有发生模式干扰的情况下,谐振峰波长几乎没有发生漂移.基于模式耦合理论,文中还对所观察到的试验现象进行了定性的理论解释.     

Spectral characteristics of a two-section multilayer long-period fiber grating sensor

A novel long period fiber grating (LPFG) sensor structure is proposed in this paper. It is constituted by coating an over-layer partially on the fiber grating. Then the LPFG has a two-section multilayer transversely distributed refractive index structure. Using coupling mode theory and transfer matrix method, the influences of refractive index, thickness and length of the coating layer on the spectral characteristics of the new type LPFG were analyzed. The simulation results show that the resonant band is split due to the particularity of the LPFG structure, and the wavelength splitting is strongly dependent on the parameters of the coating layer. This LPFG designing may solve the cross sensitive problem and then realize synchronous measurement of temperature, strain and other physical quantities.     

基于长周期光纤光栅的磁场传感方案的实现

长周期光纤光栅是近几年出现的一种新型光纤器件。其耦合机理是前向传输的纤芯基模与前向传输的各阶包层模式之间的耦合 ,这与光纤布喇格光栅明显不同。它对温度、应力、弯曲及外部折射率的变化具有相当高的灵敏度 ,是一种理想的光纤型敏感结构。提出利用长周期光纤光栅谐振波长的移动或移动变化量进行磁场强度的测量 ,并进行了理论推导、仿真实验及分析研究。得出了谐振波长变化量与外界磁场强度的关系模型。分析了设计中应该考虑的因素。