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1.
王勋  张凤祁  陈伟  郭晓强  丁李利  罗尹虹 《物理学报》2019,68(5):52901-052901
由于缺少可用的散裂中子源,多年来我国在大气中子单粒子效应方面主要依靠模拟仿真和单能中子试验的方式开展研究.随着中国散裂中子源(CSNS)通过国家验收,基于CSNS开展大气中子单粒子效应研究成为可能.本文利用CSNS反角白光中子源开展多款静态随机存取存储器器件的中子单粒子效应试验,并与早期开展的高原大气试验结果进行对比,对CSNS在大气中子单粒子效应研究中的应用进行评估.结果表明,相同器件在CSNS反角白光中子源测得的单粒子翻转截面小于大气试验的结果,且不同器件的翻转截面与特征尺寸没有明显的单调关系.分析得到前者由于CSNS反角白光中子谱偏软;后者由于特征尺寸降低导致的临界电荷变小和灵敏体积变小对截面的贡献是竞争关系.针对截面偏小的问题,根据能谱差异分析了中子能量阈值对器件翻转截面的影响,发现能量阈值取12MeV进行计算时,器件在CSNS反角白光中子源和高原大气中子环境中能够得到较一致的截面.研究结果表明CSNS反角白光中子源能够用于加速大气中子单粒子效应试验.考虑到CSNS的运行功率正在逐步提高,且多条规划中的白光中子束线与大气中子能谱更为接近,预期未来CSNS将能更好地应用于大气中子单粒子效应研究.  相似文献   

2.
彭超  雷志锋  张战刚  杨少华  来萍  路国光 《强激光与粒子束》2023,35(5):059001-1-059001-6
基于多球能谱仪开展了广州、兰州和拉萨等地区的大气中子能谱和通量测量,获取了大气中子能谱的典型特征。测量结果表明:不同地区的大气中子通量受海拔高度的影响明显,地面大气中子通量随着海拔的增加而增加。此外,基于蒙特卡罗仿真工具也可以模拟初级宇宙射线粒子在地球大气层中的核反应过程,从而计算获取大气中子能谱。大气中子能谱测量数据与仿真数据吻合良好。  相似文献   

3.
霍安祥  况浩怀 《中国物理 C》1996,20(12):1068-1072
近年来,在太阳大耀班期间,由地面中子记录装置及地下不同深度μ子记录器记录到宇宙线粒子的短期增长(GLE)现象,其能量范围已达几百GeV,甚至可达TeV能区.本文讨论了TeV能区的增长现象可能是银河宇宙线部分粒子获得再加速,由于宇宙线粒子能谱很陡,几百GeV的再加速能量能使TeV以上能区宇宙线流强有明显增长.  相似文献   

4.
李华 《物理学报》2006,55(7):3540-3545
利用蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo)方法,对10—20MeV 中子在静态随机存储器(SRAM)中引起的单粒子翻转进行了模拟,着重对中子在SRAM 灵敏区引起的电离能量沉积进行了计算,并对中子引起单粒子翻转过程相关物理量进行了计算.这些计算模拟结果为了解10—20MeV 中子引起SRAM 单粒子翻转过程提供了详细的统计信息,为SRAM 的抗辐射加固提供相关参考信息. 关键词: SRAM单粒子翻转 Monte Carlo 模拟 能量沉积  相似文献   

5.
太阳远紫外辐射是临近空间能量输入的主要来源之一,临近空间环境对太阳爆发活动的响应是有待深化研究的重要科学问题。对太阳远紫外在中高层大气的辐射特性进行研究,是研究临近空间大气成分与密度变化、光化学反应以及动力学过程的重要基础。利用FISM2耀斑模型计算的远紫外数据和MSIS-E-00模型提供的地球中高层大气数据,将120~190 nm的太阳远紫外辐射分为7段,使用基于Lambert-Beer定律的大气辐射传输方法进行数值模拟。选取2010年1月至2020年12月共11年间的150组耀斑数据,利用时间滞后互相关(TLCC)评估了太阳远紫外辐射和软X射线的耀斑峰值时间差,使用最小二乘法(LS)计算了二者的耀斑峰值流量关系,然后利用大气辐射传输方法计算了耀斑爆发时太阳远紫外在临近空间(20~100 km)的光谱特性、流量变化以及加热率变化,最后计算了太阳远紫外辐射在地球大气中的沉积情况。计算结果表明,在太阳耀斑爆发过程中,远紫外辐射的流量出现明显变化,流量峰值比软X射线提前240 s左右;远紫外辐射与软X射线的流量峰值近似线性相关,大于140 nm波段的系数随波长的增加而增大;在20~100 ...  相似文献   

6.
分析了核裂变与聚变情况下,典型能量的中子与半导体器件反应,所产生的次级粒子及其能谱分布。根据中子所能导致的最恶劣情况,讨论了65nm工艺尺寸下,半导体静态存储器的单粒子效应,并给出了TCAD仿真的结果。结果显示,商用6管单元难以避免中子单粒子效应的发生。双互锁存储单元(DICE)结构在高密度设计时,也由于电荷共享效应,发生了单粒子翻转。由于电荷共享效应难以用SPICE仿真的方法得到,TCAD仿真更适用于中子单粒子免疫的SRAM设计验证。最后,讨论了65nm工艺下,中子单粒子免疫的SRAM设计,指出6管单元加电容的方式,可能是更有竞争力的方案。  相似文献   

7.
回顾了中子单粒子研究的国内外发展情况,介绍了近几年西北核技术研究所在西安脉冲堆开展的低能中子单粒子效应研究进展。比较了稳态与脉冲工况下中子单粒子效应的异同性;分析了含有SRAM结构器件随着特征尺寸的减小,中子单粒子效应敏感性加剧的物理机制。分析认为目前中子单粒子效应已成为小尺寸大规模互补金属氧化物半导体器件的主要中子效应表现;中子辐射效应研究中,除了位移损伤效应以外还必需重视由中子电离造成的中子单粒子效应。  相似文献   

8.
李永东  闫杨娇  林舒  王洪广  刘纯亮 《物理学报》2014,63(4):47902-047902
为了计算微波器件的微放电阈值,提出了一种快速单粒子蒙特卡罗方法.该方法对二次电子出射能量、出射角度和相位等参数进行随机处理,结合四阶龙格库塔法和Furman模型模拟了电子运动和二次电子发射系数,并以多次连续碰撞的二次电子发射系数的算数平均值作为微放电效应发生的判据.以平板传输线横电磁模式为研究对象,分别采用快速单粒子蒙特卡罗方法、统计模型、传统蒙特卡罗方法以及粒子模拟方法计算其微放电阈值和敏感区域.计算结果表明,该方法不仅具有与统计模型和粒子模拟方法相当的计算精度,而且比统计模型方法的适应性更强,比传统蒙特卡罗方法的稳定性更好,比粒子模拟方法的计算效率高几十倍以上.  相似文献   

9.
利用中国散裂中子源反角白光中子束线开展13款商用静态随机存取存储器的中子单粒子效应实验.研究了测试图形、特征尺寸和版图工艺差异对单粒子效应的影响.结果表明测试图形对器件的单粒子翻转截面影响不大,但对部分器件的多单元翻转占比有较大的影响;特征尺寸对器件单粒子翻转截面的影响没有明显的规律,但对多单元翻转的影响规律明显,多单元翻转占比和最大位数都随着特征尺寸的降低而增大;器件版图工艺差异对器件的单粒子翻转截面和多单元翻转占比都有较大的影响.此外,通过与高原辐照实验结果对比,发现在反角白光中子源获得的多单元翻转占比小于高原辐照实验的结果,其原因是反角白光中子源实验中,中子的最高能量和高能成分占比偏小,且中子束流只有垂直入射.因此,利用反角白光中子源评估器件的大气中子单粒子效应时可能会低估多单元翻转情况.本文的结果可为研究者利用反角白光中子源开展相关研究提供参考.  相似文献   

10.
沈硕  郝建红  张芳  赵强  范杰清  董志伟 《强激光与粒子束》2022,34(6):064004-1-064004-6
氢原子束在大气传输时,束流粒子与大气粒子碰撞电离形成的大气剥离效应,以及和大气剥离产生次级粒子碰撞电离形成的自剥离效应,是造成氢原子束能量损失的重要机制。考虑到自剥离效应成因复杂,虽然目前已有一些理论方面的研究结果,但对其发生机理和对束流损失效果尚未有实验或数值模拟方面的工作,因此,通过对自剥离效应的发生机理和对束流损失的影响进行分析,进一步完善了自剥离效应理论,在通过束流传输方程验证了粒子云网格-蒙特卡罗法对氢原子束大气传输仿真模拟适用的基础上,将仿真结果与自剥离理论进行了对比,验证了自剥离效应理论的适用性。模拟结果表明,自剥离效应是由束流被大气电离产生的带电次级粒子团在地磁场的影响不停地穿越束流导致的,且自剥离效应的强弱与原子束的密度有关,束流密度越大,自剥离效应越强,对束流的影响越大。  相似文献   

11.
We suggest a new approach to the normalisation of neutron monitor response to galactic cosmic rays. The reference normalisation count rate is the neutron monitor response to the model unmodulated flux of galactic cosmic rays. A comparison of the actually recorded neutron monitor count rate with the calculated normalisation count rate can provide one with an observationally obtained true-of-date integral measure of the current level of solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays. The Slovak VEGA grant agency is acknowledged for the grant 2-5137.  相似文献   

12.
Long-term variations in the natural thermal neutron flux in Tibet at an altitude of 4300 m above sea level are studied using scintillation en-detectors developed at the Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences. Substantial growth (on the level of several per cent each year over the last three years) in both the thermal neutron flux and the background recorded by the detectors is observed. This growth is associated with the intensity of cosmic rays. The effect is explained by an increase in the low-energy cosmic ray flux, due to reduced solar activity in the current solar cycle.  相似文献   

13.
进入地球大气中的宇宙线强度发生变化,可能导致气候,比如云量的变化. 利用羊八井中子监测器在2003—2004年观测到3次宇宙线福布什下降,在这期间同时记录了观测站点上空的云量变化. 通过对宇宙线福布什下降期间羊八井上空云量的统计分析发现,宇宙线福布什下降期间云量增加,即云量对宇宙线福布什下降表现出明显的负响应. 这表明,宇宙线福布什下降期间,低纬度薄云层地区云量增加,与其他观测结果相一致.  相似文献   

14.
The minimum between the 23rd and 24th cycles of solar activity was unusually deep and extended. The modulation of cosmic rays was minimal for the more than 70-year-long period of direct measurements. The data from stratospheric measurements by the Lebedev Physical Institute suggest that the flux of cosmic rays with more than 100 MeV/nucleon of energy exceeded the highest ever observed level (May 1965) by almost 12%. However, the ground-based neutron monitors sensitive to relatively high energies indicated that the flux of cosmic rays increased by less than 3%. This work compares the variations in the cosmic rays over periods of five minima of solar activity (the 20th to the 24th cycle). It is shown that in late 2008, an extra flux of particles with energies less than several GeV/nucleon was detected in the Earth’s orbit. A similar (though far smaller in scale) phenomenon was also observed in 1987 at the same orientation of the Sun’s magnetic field A < 0, but was not observed in epochs where A > 0.  相似文献   

15.
Quasiperiodic variations of various manifestations of solar activity, parameters of the interplanetary medium, and the flux of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are studied using the data of stratospheric sounding and measurements with neutron monitors. Groups of spectral components with periods of ~2, 1.3, and ~1 year are identified in the range of periods shorter than 5 years. Particular attention is paid to quasi-2-year GCR variations that are induced by similar variations of the mean magnetic field of the Sun and are integral to the processes of solar activity.  相似文献   

16.
The response of neutron detectors to the flux of secondary cosmic radiation particles incident on the detectors is simulated mathematically and detection efficiencies are found for neutron detectors of various designs.  相似文献   

17.
A new method is described for estimating the absolute flux of solar cosmic rays based on the data from a single neutron monitor. The method is capable of yielding the energy spectrum at the isotropic phase of a solar flare using the available data from the currently operable worldwide network of cosmic-ray stations. The method is based on the determination of the effective momentum or energy for which the particle flux derived from the neutron-monitor count rate is weakly sensitive to small variations in the exponent of the power-law spectrum. A comparison of the calculations with direct space-borne measurements and calculations by other authors based on the data from the neutron-monitor network shows their satisfactory agreement for the last ground-level enhancement of solar cosmic rays observed on December 13, 2006.  相似文献   

18.
王瑞光 《中国物理 C》2008,32(2):104-107
An extreme solar cosmic ray event broke out on 2005 January 20. Not only is it the most intensive solar energetic particle (SEP) event, with >100MeV particles measured by GOES satellite since 1986, but it has been the largest ground level enhancement (GLE) event recorded by the ground-based neutron monitors since 1956. This work presents the solar proton spectra for this event with data obtained by GOES in multiple energy channels. These spectra are well fitted by a modified power-law function. The spectral index of around -1 indicates that the January 20 event has a hard energy spectrum. Possible mechanisms for the acceleration of relativistic protons are discussed.  相似文献   

19.
An extreme solar cosmic ray event broke out on 2005 January 20.Not only is it the most intensive solar energetic particle (SEP) event,with>100 MeV particles measured by GOES satellite since 1986,but it has been the largest ground level enhancement (GLE) event recorded by the ground-based neutron monitors since 1956.This work presents the solar proton spectra for this event with data obtained by GOES in multiple energy cbannels.These spectra are well fitted by a modified power-law function.The spectral index of around -1 indicates that the January 20 event has a hard energy spectrum.Possible mechanisms for the acceleration of relativistic protons are discussed.  相似文献   

20.
Features of propagation of relativistic solar cosmic rays in magnetic clouds have been considered on the basis of model calculations. Magnetic clouds have a structure of magnetic flux ropes and are extended from the Sun to the Earth via coronal mass ejections. Features of propagation of particles of different energies in a magnetic cloud are discussed. The propagation of high-energy solar protons in the loop-like structure of the interplanetary magnetic field in the event of October 28, 2003 is analyzed.  相似文献   

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