铽激活碱土硼硅酸盐玻璃的长余辉发光性质

首次报道了一种新型的长余辉发光材料,即Tb^3 激活的钡硼硅长余辉发光玻璃。经254nm的紫外灯(辐照度为4．07mW／cm^3)照射30min后,该玻璃发出明亮的绿色长余辉,其余辉在黑暗中持续8h以上仍肉眼可辨。比较样品的余辉光谱和荧光发射光谱,发现两者的峰形、峰位基本相同,说明玻璃样品的绿色余辉发射中心,来自于Tb^3 的特征发射。余辉发射的峰值波长位于543nm,对应于Tb^3 的^5D4→^7F5跃迁。我们通过吸收光谱、荧光的激发和发射光谱、余辉衰减曲线、余辉发射光谱及热释光谱等表征方法,系统地对这种玻璃材料的荧光和长余辉发光性质进行了研究,并讨论了可能的长余辉发光的机理。     

温度对长余辉发光玻璃发光性能的影响

在还原气氛下, 制备了稀土Eu₂O₃ , Dy₂O₃掺杂的铝硅酸盐长余辉发光玻璃。分析了不同温度对SrAl₂O₄ : Eu, Dy发光玻璃的余辉发光的影响,比较了SrAl₂O₄ : Eu和SrAl₂O₄ : Eu, Dy发光玻璃的余辉发光的时间积分强度。结果表明:SrAl₂O₄ : Eu, Dy长余辉发光玻璃的发射光谱存在455,515 nm两个发射峰值,并且其余辉衰减正比于t^-0.8。SrAl₂O₄ : Eu, Dy长余辉发光玻璃余辉发光时间积分强度在150 K附近开始增加,并在275 K达到最大;Dy³⁺离子是造成空穴陷阱的主要原因。     

(Eu2+,Nd3+)∶CaAl2O4的长余辉发光及机理的研究

采用高温固相反应法制备了Eu^2 ∶CaAl2O4、（Eu^2 ,Nd^3 )∶CaAl2O4，等系列材料。测量了其激发、发射光谱及余辉衰减曲线。分析了掺杂稀土离子对长余辉发光的作用。并对其发光机理进行了深入地探讨。     

Eu,Dy共掺杂SrAl2O4长余辉材料制备新工艺

活化Al-Sr合金粉末水解制备SrAl₂O₄长余辉材料的前驱体,并采用高温固相反应法制备出Eu,Dy共掺杂的SrAl₂O₄长余辉材料,对其微观结构和发光特性进行了研究。实验结果表明:前驱体中Al、Sr元素在微观状态下分布均匀,所制成的长余辉发光材料的发射主峰位于520nm附近,为典型的Eu²⁺离子4f5d-4f的特征发射,初始亮度达到18cd/m²,余辉时间长达46h。     

红色长余辉材料Y2O2S : Eu,Si,M 的制备及发光性能

采用高温固相法合成了红色长余辉材料Y₂O₂S : Eu, Si, M(M=Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba),利用X晶体衍射、发光光谱、热释光测量等对材料的性能进行了表征。结果分析表明:Y₂O₂S : Eu,Si,M(M=Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba)长余辉材料的最大荧光发射和余辉发射峰完全一致都位于627 nm, 产生红光发射,是典型的Eu³⁺离子的⁵D₀-⁷F₂跃迁。激发停止后,能够产生较好的余辉性能。碱土金属离子能够增强其荧光发射峰强度并对余辉性能有一定促进作用,其中以Mg²⁺最好,其次是Ba²⁺。     

Eu3+摩尔浓度对Y2O2S:Eu3+,Mg2+,Ti4+红色长余辉材料光谱的影响

用高温固相法制备了Y2O2S：Eu^3 ,Mg^2 ,Ti^4 红色长余辉材料。测量了该材料的余辉曲线,余辉时间为1h以上;由X射线衍射得到晶体结构为Y2O2S.测量了不同Eu^3 摩尔浓度下的激发光谱和发射光谱,得到从^5DJ(J=0,1,2,3)^-7FJ(J=0,1,2,3,4,5)的发射谱线,并得到位于260,345,468和540nm激发峰。由于激活剂饱和效应,Y2O2S：Eu^3 ,Mg^2 ,Ti^4 发射光谱中513．6,540．1,556．4,587．3和589．3nm属于从^5D2,^5D1到^7FJ(J=0,1,2,3,4)跃迁的发射峰随Eu^3 摩尔浓度的增加相对削弱;激发谱包括位于350nm左右属于电荷转移态吸收(Eu^3 -O^2-,Eu^3 -S^2 )的激发主峰和在可见光区位于468,520和540nm属于Eu^3 离子4f-4厂吸收的激发峰。随着Eu^3 摩尔浓度的增加,位于468,520和540nm的激发峰相对增强。     

Y2O2S:Eu3+,Mg2+,Ti4+红色材料的制备和长余辉性能

用高温固相法制备了Y2O2S：Eu^3 ,Mg^2 ,Ti^4 红色长余辉材料,余辉时间达到1h以上,X射线衍射测量表明材料的晶体结构为Y2O2S。发射光谱对应了Eu^3 离子^5DJ(J=0,1,2,3)→^7FJ(J=0,1,2,3,4))的特征发射;激发光谱主峰位于345nm,另外在260,396,468,540nm等处也存在激发峰。对比测量了Y2O2S：Eu^3 ,Mg^2 ,Ti^4 和Y2O2S:Eu^3 的热释发光曲线,Y2O2S:Eu^3 的热释发光曲线可以拟合成3个热释发光峰的叠加：237,226,301K;而Y2O2S：Eu^3 ,Mg^2 ,Ti^4 的热释发光曲线可以拟合成5个热释发光峰的叠加：149,215,262,287,334K,并计算了相应的陷阱能级。Ti^4 是引起较深陷阱能级的主要原因,Mg^2 起电荷补偿的作用。     

CaTiO3:Pr3+长余辉玻璃的制备与发光性能

用二次熔融法制备了CaTiO3：Pr^3＋红色长余辉玻璃。测量了样品的发射光谱,其发射光谱峰值为611．7,614．5nm,对应于Pr^3＋的4f-4f（^1D2→^3H4）跃迁,与CaTiO3：Pr^3＋晶态长余辉发光粉的发射光谱峰值相一致。玻璃粉与发光粉的质量配比在95：5～80：20时,都可以形成玻璃态并得到红色长余辉发光。研究了气氛和熔融温度对发光性能的影响,在空气环境下,800℃即可得到性能良好的样品。     

Eu,Dy共掺铝硼硅酸盐的长余辉发光玻璃

选择铝硼硅酸盐玻璃体系,高温熔融法制备了Eu,Dy掺杂的铝硼硅酸盐基质透明的玻璃,并对其进行了激发光谱和发射光谱的表征分析。实验结果表明：在空气气氛条件下制备的Eu^3＋,Dy^3＋掺杂的铝硼硅酸盐基质玻璃样品并不具备长余辉发光特性;而经过还原气氛处理后,Eu离子以二价形式存在,样品具有长余辉发光现象。其激发光谱是位于250-450nm的宽带谱,发光光谱峰值位于462nm处。     

长余辉荧光粉发光特性的测试及实用装置

讨论了影响长余辉发光粉特性的主要因素。介绍了测试其发光特性的基本要求。在此基础上描述了一种测试长余辉荧光粉的新装置。它使用模拟D45光源作为激发光源，使用一台自动量程光度计来测量长余辉荧光粉亮度。从激发源到样品的激发光，以及从样品到光度计的发射光均由光纤进行传导。激发光通过耦合在二光纤中间的电动快门实施控制。装置的工作由计算机控制。需要特别指出的是装置可以在正常照明条件下工作。实测表明装置的设计非常巧妙和实用。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.