氨基葡萄糖及羧甲基氨基葡萄糖与铁(Ⅱ)、锌(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)、铜(Ⅱ)配合物的光谱特征

本文研究了氨基葡萄糖及羧甲基氨基葡萄糖分别与铁（Ⅱ）、锌（Ⅱ）、钴（Ⅱ）、铜（Ⅱ）形成配合物的UV，IR和^1H-NMR光谱特征。配合物紫外的λmax发生了明显紫移；在IR谱中，配合物的面外振动峰655cm^-1较未配位的氨基葡萄糖中的面外振动峰670cm^-1低，且在990cm^-1附近出现新的吸收峰；在^1H-NMR谱中，配合物C3上羟基中的质子化学位移较未配位的均移向高场，氨基上质子的化学位移较未配位的也移向高场，其他碳上羟基中的质子化学位移值不变，从而初步证实了配合物中的氨－金属（N－M）键的形成。本文还研究了羧甲基氨基葡萄糖及其与铁（Ⅱ）、钴（Ⅱ）、铜（Ⅱ）配合物的合成。其配合物的IR谱线较未配位的IR谱线并没增多，指出这种反常现象是糖环的刚性所致。它们的IR和UV光谱均证实了分子中不存在游离的羰基峰，并证实了它们分子中内盐的存在，配合物的IR谱中出现新的一组吸收峰：433.1和408.9cm^-1(O-Fe)，507．1和495．0cm^-1（O－Co),403.1和389.0cm^-1(O-Cu)，证实了配合物中的氧－金属键（O－M）的形成。     

方列管型射流式O2（^1△）发生器的COIL出光研究

方列管型射流式O2(^1△)发生器是一种新型高效的氧碘化学激光器(COIL)化学能源供给装置。描述了采用该发生器在COIL上所做的一系列出光实验,这些实验着重于考察该发生器的性能参数及相应的COIL化学效率。结果在Cl2流量为0．25mol／s、无冷阱、稳定腔条件下获得化学效率高达26％。     

非核子自由度与发展核心基本理论的ABC计划

在分析核内运动,特别是其中非核子自由度的基础上提出了一个分三步发展原子核基本理论的ＡＢＣ计划. We emphasize that to develop a fundamental nuclear theory one has to consider various non nucleon degrees of freedom in nuclei and to make the theory relatvistic.A three step ABC Plan for this Purpose is proposed. The A pan is to reform the relatiivistic hadron field theory by taking the finite baryon size into account. We call finite size baryons atoms in contrast with points. The fundamental nuclear theory in this form is therefore a quantum atom dynamics(QAD). The B plan is to reform the...     

Sr9Ca(PO4)6Cl2:Eu2+晶体中的两种发光中心

Sr9Ca(PO4)6Cl2:Eu2+是一种性能良好效率较高的发光材料.作者合成并生长了Sr9Ca(PO4)6Cl:Eu2+的单晶体.从晶体的结构测定和光谱学研究,确证了晶体中存在有两种发光中心,即Eu(Ⅰ)中心和Eu(Ⅱ)中心.     

氯代苯分子3d Rydberg态的共振多光子电离光谱研究

用共振多光子电离（ＭＰＩ）技术，结合飞行时间质谱（ＴＯＦＭＳ），对氯代苯（Ｃｌ）分子的３ｄＲｙｄｂｅｒｇ态进行了研究。在λ＝（４７３．０ｎｍ～４８３．０ｎｍ）范围内所获得的光离子光谱呈现出明显的可分辨的结构。经分析为３ｄ态的（３＋１）共振多光子电离，光谱结构可能为３ｄ态振动能级的反映，考虑跃迁选律，对这些结构进行了尝试性指认。     

IM－DD SCM光波系统的非线性分析

本文在简要分析了激光器非线性机理的基础上，采用计算机模拟及数学归纳的方法，着重分析了ＩＭ－ＤＤＳＣＭ光纤通信系统中各种非线性失真项的数目、幅度及其抑制方法，归纳出了落入各个信道中的各种非线性失真项的数目的数学表达式，推导出了非线性失真项的功率之和的计算公式；通过对计算结果的比较得知，激光器Ｐ－Ｉ曲线的非线性是影响系统非线性失真的主要因素，指出了利用预失真的方法补偿激光器Ｐ－Ｉ曲线非线性的影响。     

SU(3)L×U(1)X

提出了一个基于SU（3）     

头孢噻肟钠与牛血清蛋白相互作用的光谱特征

用光谱法研究头孢噻肟钠（CS）和牛血清蛋白（BSA）在模拟生命体生理条件下相互作用的特征.结果表明CS主要以静态猝灭方式使BSA的荧光强度显著降低;利用同步荧光法研究了CS和BSA作用后牛血清蛋白的构象发生了变化;求得不同温度下二者的结合常数和结合位点数,探讨了微量金属离子对实验体系结合常数的影响,并根据热力学参数确定了CS和BSA之间主要依靠静电力结合.根据Froester非辐射能量转移机理,测定了CS与BSA相互结合时的作用距离2.56nm,表明BSA与CS之间发生了非辐射能量转移.     

基于神经网络拟合的腹部化学交换饱和转移成像

磁共振成像（Magnetic Resonance Imaging，MRI）化学交换饱和转移（Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer，CEST）技术在临床诊断中展现了巨大的潜力，但在腹部成像中受到主磁场偏移量大的挑战，而且利用传统的非对称性分析法得到的酰胺质子转移（Amide Proton Transfer，APT）成像对比度受到核奥氏增强（Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement，NOE）效应的干扰.本文提出了一种基于神经网络拟合的CEST后处理方法，对每个像素采集得到的Z谱特征进行识别，不需要额外序列扫描即可得到背景参考Z谱与主磁场偏移量，用以校正和获得理想的Z谱，并进一步分离得到源自APT效应与NOE效应的信号.鸡蛋清和健康志愿者腹部成像结果显示，本文提出的基于神经网络的CEST后处理方法效果较好.     

An experimental investigation of dual-resonant and non-resonant responses for vortex-induced vibration of a long slender cylinder

Experimental results of the dual-resonant and non-resonant responses are presented for vortex-induced vibrations(VIV)of a long slender cylinder.The cylinder has a diameter of 10mm and a length of 3.31 m,giving an aspect ratio of 331.The cylinder was towed by a carriage with the velocity up to 1.5 m/s,with the Reynolds number varying from 2500 to 38000.Three different weights were used to provide the initial tension.Dual resonance means that resonance occurs simultaneously in both the cross-flow(CF)and in-line(IL)directions.The experiments were conducted in two stages.At the first stage,dual-resonant dynamic features of the cylinder subjected to vortex-induced excitation were investigated.The features of CF and IL vibration amplitude,motion orbits,phase angle differences,dominant frequencies and mode order numbers are presented.At the second stage of the experiments,particular emphasis was placed on non-resonant dynamic features.The variation of multi-mode modal displacement amplitudes was investigated in detail.     

基于浸入边界-多松弛时间格子玻尔兹曼通量求解法的流固耦合算法研究

针对流固耦合问题,发展了基于浸入边界-多松弛时间格子玻尔兹曼通量求解法(immersed boundary method multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann flux solver,IB-MRT-LBFS)的弱耦合算法.依据多尺度Chapman-Enskog展开,建立不可压宏观方程状态变量和通量与格子玻尔兹曼方程中粒子密度分布函数之间的关系;采用强制浸入边界法处理流固界面使固壁表面满足无滑移边界条件,根据修正的速度求解动量方程力源项;结构运动方程采用四阶龙格-库塔法求解.格子模型与浸入边界法的引入使流固耦合计算可以在笛卡尔网格下进行,无需生成贴体网格及运用动网格技术,简化了计算过程.数值模拟了单圆柱横向涡激振动、单圆柱及串列双圆柱双自由度涡激振动问题.结果表明,IB-MRT-LBFS能够准确预测圆柱涡激振动的锁定区间、振动响应、受力情况以及捕捉尾流场结构形态,验证了该算法在求解流固耦合问题的有效性和可行性.     

基于有限差分法刚性圆柱体涡激振动响应特性数值研究

基于尾流振子模型对刚性圆柱体涡激振动响应特性进行数值研究.建立圆柱体结构振子及尾流振子之间的耦合方程,基于二阶精度中心差分格式对耦合模型先离散后迭代进行求解.对不同质量比及不同阻尼比圆柱体涡激振动响应的无量纲位移、无量纲升力、频率比及锁定区间等参数进行分析.结果表明数值方法可以很好地模拟刚性圆柱体的涡激振动响应特性.随着质量比的增加,锁定开始点逐渐延后,锁定结束点逐渐提前,锁定区间宽度逐渐变窄.     

DPIV in the wake of a tandem arrangement of two flexible circular cylinders

Abstract  

Visualization of the wake of a system of two circular cylinders in tandem is presented through Digital Particle Image Velocimetry results in a plane perpendicular to the models’ axes. Both cylinder models have an aspect ratio (length over diameter) of almost 100, a mass ratio (mass divided by mass of displaced fluid) under 2, and they are flexible and free to move in the in-line and cross-flow directions. A supporting structure provided attachment of both models through universal joints at each end and the cylinders were exposed to a uniform flow profile over the lower 45% of their lengths, producing vortex-induced vibrations with wake interactions. The centre to centre separation between the models could be varied and data is shown here for three separations of 2, 3 and 4 diameters.     

Coherence and Reynolds stresses in the turbulent wake behind a curved circular cylinder

The turbulent wake behind a curved circular cylinder is investigated based on data obtained from a direct numerical simulation. Here, emphasis is placed in the assessment of two approaches for simplified modelling: reduced-order modelling (ROM) and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations. To this end, the instantaneous vortical structures, the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) of the flow, and relevant Reynolds stress components have been analysed. The results show that despite the complexity of the instantaneous vortical structures, the wake dynamics are governed by the quasi-periodic shedding of primary vortices. Between 24% and 50% of the kinetic energy in the POD is captured by the two most energetic modes, and about 200 modes are needed to capture 90% of the kinetic energy. These findings suggest that, as long as the large-scale structures of the von Kármán vortex shedding are concerned, the present case can be approached by ROM; but a detailed representation of the flow dynamics without an eddy viscosity model that accounts for the unresolved turbulent fluctuations would require a large amount of degrees of freedom. Concerning the Reynolds stresses, their magnitude varies considerably depending on the depth at which they have been sampled. This dependence is related to the strength of the vortex shedding, and the intensity of the secondary flows induced by the curvature of the cylinder. As a consequence of the combination of these two effects, the correlation between streamwise and vertical velocity fluctuations is highest in the wake behind the midspan of the curved cylinder, and the correlation between cross-flow and vertical velocity fluctuations reaches large values in the lower wake.     

Numerical Simulation of Two-Dimensional Flow over Three Cylinders by LatticeBoltzmann Method

The numerical simulation using the multiple relaxation time lattice Boltzmann method (MRT-LBM) is carried out for the purpose of investigating the two-dimensional flow around three circular cylinders. Among these three circular cylinders, one of the three cylinders on which a forced in-line vibrating is used to do this research and attempt to find out the effects of the movingcylinder and the other two rigid cylinders on the wake characteristics and vortex formation. As a benchmark problem to discuss the problem of lift coefficient r.m.s for these cylinders with spacing ratios T/D between other rigid side-by-side cylinders, and the calculation is carried out with two compared cases at Reynolds number of 100, two of the cylinders are rigid and the other one is an in-line vibrated cylinder lying downstream, in addition, forced vibrating amplitude and frequency are A/D= 0.5 and f_ν=0.4 (where A is the forced amplitude, D is the cylinder diameter, and f_ν stands for the vibrating frequency, respectively). The calculated results not onlyindicate that the spacing ratios T/D (T is the center-to-center spacing between the two upstream cylinders) have influence on the wake patterns and the formation of vortex shedding, but also analyze the lift coefficient r.m.s for the three cylinders with the spacing ratios S/D (where S is the center-to-center spacing between the center of upstream two side-by-side cylinders and downstream cylinder).     

Investigation of a hybrid approach combining experimental tests and numerical simulations to study vortex-induced vibration in a circular cylinder

In this study, a hybrid approach based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to investigate the aerodynamic forces associated with vortex-induced vibration (VIV) in a circular cylinder. The circular cylinder and the flow field were considered as two substructures of a system. Circular cylinder motion was produced in a wind tunnel test of the VIV prior to the numerical simulation; this motion was used as a known cylinder boundary condition and applied to the flow field. The flow field with the known moving boundary condition was then numerically simulated by the ANSYS CFX code. The transient aerodynamic coefficients of the circular cylinder with predetermined motion were obtained from the numerical simulation. To verify the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed hybrid approach and to calculate cylinder vibrations, the transient aerodynamic coefficients were applied to a single degree of freedom (SDOF) model of the circular cylinder. The oscillation responses of the circular cylinder from the calculated (SDOF model) and experimental results were compared, and the results indicate that the hybrid approach accurately simulated the transient aerodynamic coefficients of the circular cylinder. For further comparison, a nonlinear aerodynamic coefficient model based on a nonlinear least square technique was applied to the SDOF model. The nonlinear aerodynamic model can predict well the amplitude and lock-in region of the VIV of the circular cylinder model.     

Wake-body resonance of long flexible structures is dominated by counterclockwise orbits

We identify a dominant mechanism in the interaction between a slender flexible structure undergoing free vibrations in sheared cross-flow and the vortices forming in its wake: energy is transferred from the fluid to the body under a resonance condition, defined as wake-body frequency synchronization close to a natural frequency of the structure; this condition occurs within a well-defined region of the span, which is dominated by counterclockwise, figure-eight orbits. Clockwise orbits are associated with damping fluid forces.     

Non-linear control of torsional and bending vibrations of oilwell drillstrings

Drillstring dynamics is highly non-linear in nature and its model can only be described by a set of non-linear differential equations. In addition to this complexity, the drillstring dynamics are not linearly controllable and thus linear control methods are not suitable for suppressing the coupled torsional and lateral vibrations of a rotating drillstring. In this paper a non-linear dynamic inversion control design method is used to suppress the lateral and the torsional vibrations of a non-linear drillstring. It was found that the designed controller is effective in suppressing the torsional vibrations and reducing the lateral vibrations significantly.     

Control of a coupled map lattice model for vortex shedding in the wake of a cylinder

The flow behind a vibrating flexible cable at low Reynolds numbers can exhibit complex wake structures such as lace-like patterns, vortex dislocations and frequency cells. These structures have been observed in experiments and numerical simulations, and are predicted by a previously developed low-order coupled map lattice (CML). The discrete (in time and space) CML models consist of a series of diffusively coupled circle map oscillators along the cable span. Motivated by a desire to modify the complex wake patterns behind flexible vibrating cables we have studied the addition of control terms into the highly efficient CML models and explored the resulting dynamics. Proportional, adaptive proportional and discontinuous non-linear (DNL) control methods were used to derive the control laws. The first method employed occasional proportional feedback. The adaptive method used spatio-temporal feedback control. The DNL method used a discontinuous feedback linearization procedure, and the controller was designed for the resulting linearized system using eigenvalue assignment. These techniques were applied to a modeled vortex dislocation structure in the wake of a vibrating cable in uniform freestream flow. Parallel shedding patterns were achieved for a range of forcing frequency-forcing amplitude combinations studied to validate the control theory. The adaptive proportional and DNL methods were found to be more effective than the proportional control method due to the incorporation of a spatially varying feedback gain across the cylinder span. The DNL method was found to be the most efficient controller of the low-order CML model. The required control level across the cable span was correlated to the 1/1 lock-on behavior of the temporal circle map.