烘丝过程中的组合积分控制器与双重控制研究

在烟草行业的烘丝过程中,烟丝的出口水分作为被控对象常常具有大滞后与强非线性的特性,且在工艺流程中通常存在干扰因素;当前,这一过程中大多仍采用传统PID控制器,存在响应稳态误差大、响应时间长等问题,进而影响烟丝的最终品质;针对这一情况,引入组合积分控制器替代传统PID控制器在烘丝过程中的作用;同时引入双重控制,并与组合积分控制器相结合;针对控制对象进行的仿真实验结果表明,这一新型控制策略在烘丝过程出口水分的控制效果上明显优于传统PID控制器,稳态误差较小且响应迅速,证明了组合积分控制器运用在双重控制系统中时具有优异的动态性能与鲁棒性;最后,这一新型双重控制算法已成功应用到烟草行业烘丝过程的水分控制上。     

基于遗传算法的统一混沌系统比例-积分-微分神经网络解耦控制研究

提出了采用改进的遗传算法优化比例-积分-微分(PID)神经网络解耦控制器的连接权值，从而实现PID控制器参数的优化及非线性多变量系统的解耦控制. 改进的遗传算法优于基本遗传算法，它使寻优过程中的计算量减少，计算效率提高，收敛速度加快. 将优化后的PID神经网络解耦控制器应用于统一混沌系统的控制中，仿真实验收到良好的控制效果，证明了PID控制器应用于统一混沌系统控制的有效性. 关键词： 混沌系统 遗传算法 比例-积分-微分 神经网络     

基于遗传算法的混沌系统二自由度比例-积分-微分控制研究

二自由度比例-积分-微分(PID)控制算法简单、实用，但将其应用于复杂非线性系统控制时参数整定困难.运用改进的遗传算法进行二自由度PID控制器参数优化，参数优化的收敛速度快、准确，将其应用于Chen氏混沌系统和同步电动机混沌系统的控制中，仿真研究收到良好的控制效果. 关键词： 混沌系统 遗传算法 比例-积分-微分控制     

特殊天气污水溶解氧浓度的自适应广义预测控制

污水处理过程具有非线性、时变、大滞后的特点,尤其在雨天暴雨等特殊天气下,污水的入水波动会对控制器造成严重干扰。文中提出一种基于模糊神经网络模型的自适应广义预测控制算法,实现对污水处理过程中溶解氧浓度的实时控制。该算法利用反馈线性化思想实现自适应广义预测控制器的设计,在证明其李雅普诺夫稳定的同时,得到修正系统的受控自回归积分滑动平均模型参数自适应规则,动态调整模型参数使系统跟踪误差达到最小。仿真实验结果表明,该算法能够稳定、快速地控制溶解氧浓度,具有较强的抗干扰能力和鲁棒性,该控制算法特别适合用于污水处理过程的特殊天气（如雨天和暴雨天）中。     

运输机重装空投二阶终端滑模控制方法研究

针对重装空投过程中,货物的持续移动及瞬间出舱影响空投任务完成性、威胁飞行安全等问题,提出了一种二阶终端滑模纵向飞行控制方法;该方法利用非线性多输入多输出反馈线性化完成系统解耦线性化,在此基础上采用二阶终端滑模变结构控制设计系统内环速度与俯仰姿态跟踪控制器,保证了系统鲁棒性,结合外环PID高度保持控制器完成了整个飞行控制系统的设计;数值仿真结果表明,该系统具有良好的响应特性,且对系统不确定性具有较强的鲁棒性。     

一种改进人工蜂群的分数阶PID控制器优化算法

摘 要：针对分数阶PID控制器参数整定过程参数多复杂性大,传统靠经验试凑的方法不易实现且优化效果差的问题,提出了一种改进的人工蜂群算法,实现分数阶PID控制器参数的整定.该算法通过改进人工蜂群算法中搜索方程,并引入一个淘汰机制,对分数阶控制器参数进行群智能搜索,将搜索到的参数送至分数阶PID控制器中反复迭代,以带有权值的误差绝对值积分指标（AIE）作为人工蜂群寻优的目标函数,最后得出控制器.本文以非线性系统为被控对象,经过实例仿真,验证了该算法实现的控制器比传统整数阶控制器和未改进的人工蜂群算法实现的分数阶控制器的动态性能和稳态性能都有所提高,在超调、上升时间、振荡性方面都优于未改进算法.     

基于积分分离SNPID的果蔬膨化温度控制系统设计

在果蔬膨化温度闭环控制系统中,一般PID调节器参数难以根据环境变化实时自整定,无法实现对被控制对象的精确有效控制;此外,传统数字PID控制器在系统启动、停止或因加工不同果蔬原料而大幅增减温度设定值时,会因为PID控制器积分积累的影响,引起膨化温度控制系统超调增大,从而导致果蔬膨化温度控制系统相对稳定性降低。针对上述问题,提出了以SCL语言开发基于积分分离算法的单神经元PID控制器。将该积分分离SNPID控制器应用于果蔬膨化温度控制系统中,既能避免控制系统产生较大超调,又可通过调整权系数以增强控制系统的自适应能力,从而实现对果蔬膨化温度的精确有效控制。     

冠状动脉系统高阶滑模自适应混沌同步设计

针对冠状动脉系统混沌同步问题, 系统模型受到有界但未知的不确定干扰条件下, 利用几何齐次性理论和积分滑模面设计高阶滑模自适应控制器, 使响应系统在有限时间内跟踪驱动系统, 该方法无需提前预知扰动边界. 采用Lyapunov理论对闭环系统进行分析并证明该控制器保证该系统能够在有限时间内镇定, 从仿真实验结果可以看出所设计的控制器在不确定干扰的情况下系统具有良好鲁棒性和未知参数的自适应性, 为能够有效治疗心肌梗死等冠状动脉疾病提供了一定的理论依据.     

基于遗传算法的统一混沌系统比例-积分-微分控制

提出了一种并行遗传算法用于比例-积分-微分(PID)控制器结构和参数的同时优化,遗传算法采用浮点数和二进制混合矩阵编码.优化后的PID控制器用于统一混沌系统的控制,仿真研 究结果表明：1) 用一个比例-积分(PI)调节器可将统一混沌系统控制到零不动点； 2) 用 三个PI调节器可将统一混沌系统控制到非零不动点；3) 所提出的并行遗传算法具有很强的 全局优化能力,较好地克服了简单遗传算法的过早收敛问题；4) 整个控制系统具有很好的调 节品质和很强的鲁棒性,对PID调节器用于控制混沌系统具有重要的参考价值. 关键词： 混沌 统一混沌系统 遗传算法 比例-积分-微分控制     

无人水面艇航迹跟踪控制仿真

摘要：针对模型参数不确定、存在外界风浪流干扰的欠驱动无人水面艇的航迹跟踪问题,为提高无人水面艇自主航行能力,减小航迹跟踪过程中的轨迹偏差与跟踪迟滞,提出了一种分层控制结构的方法。由外至内采取航迹、航向、舵角三层控制,外环航迹控制层使用过渡目标点策略,根据无人水面艇的偏航距确定实时目标点,中环航向控制层使用最小转角策略,根据无人水面艇艏向角与目标方向角之差确定偏转打角,内环舵角控制层使用模糊自适应整定PID控制器,对模型参数的动态变化进行补偿。基于MATLAB GUI进行无人水面艇航迹跟踪控制仿真试验,结果表明,模糊自适应整定PID控制器提高了舵角的控制响应速度,无人水面艇在航行过程中的直线行驶、连续折线行驶均能得到较好的航迹跟踪控制。     

A riemann integral approach to Feynman's path integral

It is a well known result that the Feynman's path integral (FPI) approach to quantum mechanics is equivalent to Schrödinger's equation when we use as integration measure the Wiener-Lebesgue measure. This results in little practical applicability due to the great algebraic complexibity involved, and the fact is that almost all applications of (FPI) practical calculations — are done using a Riemann measure. In this paper we present an expansion to all orders in time of FPI in a quest for a representation of the latter solely in terms of differentiable trajetories and Riemann measure. We show that this expansion agrees with a similar expansion obtained from Schrödinger's equation only up to first order in a Riemann integral context, although by chance both expansions referred to above agree for the free particle and harmonic oscillator cases. Our results permit, from the mathematical point of view, to estimate the many errors done in practical calculations of the FPI appearing in the literature and, from the physical point of view, our results supports the stochastic approach to the problem.     

Feynman's path integral

Feynman's integral is defined with respect to a pseudomeasure on the space of paths: for instance, letC be the space of pathsq:T?? → configuration space of the system, letC be the topological dual ofC; then Feynman's integral for a particle of massm in a potentialV can be written where $$S_{\operatorname{int} } (q) = \mathop \smallint \limits_T V(q(t)) dt$$ and wheredw is a pseudomeasure whose Fourier transform is defined by for μ∈C′. Pseudomeasures are discussed; several integrals with respect to pseudomeasures are computed.     

Three-dimensional polarimetric integral imaging

A three-dimensional (3D) polarimetric image sensing and display technique based on integral imaging is proposed. Three-dimensional polarization distribution of reflected light from a 3D object can be measured as elemental image arrays by a rotating linear polarizer. After the measurement of the polarization of the 3D object, the 3D polarimetric object can be reconstructed optically by displaying the polarization-selected elemental images in spatial light modulators with two quarter-wave plates. Experimental demonstration of 3D polarimetric imaging of a 3D object attached to two orthogonal linear polarizers is presented. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on 3D polarimetric sensing imaging and 3D optical reconstruction by integral imaging.     

光谱段积分辐射计的研制

介绍了在原有的MARKII光谱辐射计的基础之上 ,通过对光学系统、红外探测器、电子线路、机械结构和计算机控制软件进行重新设计、制作和调试而研制出的光谱段积分辐射计 ,实现了对 1～ 3μm、3～ 5 μm、8～ 12 μm三个波段的积分辐射测量 ,通过对黑体的测量和标定 ,验证并获得了作为测量仪器高重复性、稳定性和精确性的要求     

The generalised Feynman integral

The Feynman integral is generalised so as to involve the fluctuations of vacuum, from this integral the generalised Schrödinger equation is derived and the energy spectrum for the Coulomb potential determined.     

The generalized Jeffreys-Born integral

The Jeffreys-Born integral in the WKB approximation is generalized to include the Coulomb potential. The Weyl-transform is used to obtain phase functions for potentials frequently used in fitting modified Coulomb scattering data.     

Thermoalgebras and path integral

Using a representation for Lie groups closely associated with thermal problems, we derive the algebraic rules of the real-time formalism for thermal quantum field theories, the so-called thermo-field dynamics (TFD), including the tilde conjugation rules for interacting fields. These thermo-group representations provide a unified view of different approaches for finite-temperature quantum fields in terms of a symmetry group. On these grounds, a path integral formalism is constructed, using Bogoliubov transformations, for bosons, fermions and non-abelian gauge fields. The generalization of the results for quantum fields in topology is addressed.     

Depth-control method for integral imaging

We present a method for controlling the depth of three-dimensional (3D) images reconstructed by integral photography. Incoherent light is reflected from 3D objects, propagates through a lens array, and is captured as the first elemental images by a capturing device. The second elemental images of the 3D images are generated by numerical processing from the first elemental images in accordance with the desired depth. The optical reconstruction of 3D images at the desired depth by the second elemental images is confirmed experimentally.     

Path integral for Koenigs spaces

I discuss a path-integral approach for the quantum motion on two-dimensional spaces according to Koenigs, for short “Koenigs spaces”. Their construction is simple: one takes a Hamiltonian from a two-dimensional flat space and divides it by a two-dimensional superintegrable potential. These superintegrable potentials are the isotropic singular oscillator, the Holt potential, and the Coulomb potential. In all cases, a nontrivial space of nonconstant curvature is generated. We can study free motion and the motion with an additional superintegrable potential. For possible bound-state solutions, we find in all three cases an equation of the eighth order in the energy E. The special cases of the Darboux spaces are easily recovered by choosing the parameters accordingly. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Universal R-matrix as integral operator

We derive the integral operator form for the general rational solution of the Yang–Baxter equation with sℓ(2|1) symmetry. Considering the defining relations for the kernel of the R-operator as a system of second order differential equations we observe remarkable reduction to a system of simple first order equations. The obtained kernel of R-operator has a very simple structure. To illustrate all this in the simplest situation we treat also the sℓ(2) case.