Fusion at the crossroads towards ITER

The decision to build ITER in Europe, at Cadarache, as a joint enterprise of all major partners in international fusion research opens a new era for fusion and is expected to focus a strong world-wide effort towards ITER and ITER-related R&D in fusion physics and technology.ITER, the unique Next Step device in magnetic fusion, aims at demonstrating the scientific and technological feasibility of fusion. A solid basis exists for constructing ITER and physics scenarios, diagnostics and technologies are being developed for the desired operational features and performance.The ITER project will be the central priority of the European and international fusion programmes. It will be put in the context of a broader approach of supporting R&D and preparations of the following step, DEMO. A vigorous European accompanying programme must comprise support to ITER and DEMO oriented activities, in particular fusion reactor technologies, the investigation of concept improvements and the corroboration of the theoretical foundations of magnetic confinement and of relevant technologies. The domestic programme will have a crucial role for securing the human potential needed for ITER and for ensuring a leading position in the competitive developments for ITER and the further development of commercial fusion energy.     

ITER PF电源现场层监控系统网络拓扑延时分析

为保障ITER极向场(PF)电源系统的高实时性控制需求,根据其设备体积大、分布分散等特点,选取了支持多种设备连接拓扑的实时工业以太网现场总线EtherCAT作为ITER PF电源现场层监控系统的数据通讯协议。为研究ITER极向场电源现场层监控系统的实时性,分析了数据帧在几种适合ITER PF整流器单元现场层信号采集与控制的现场总线设备网络拓扑中的传输延时,通过搭建测试平台验证了方案设计的可行性与正确性。在满足控制系统高实时性要求的同时,经对比找出了较为适合的设备网络拓扑来设计ITER PF电源现场层监控系统,也为ITER PF电源的其他子控制系统的拓扑优化提供了借鉴。     

ITER聚变功率关闭系统的一种阀门箱 结构的有限元分析

用ANSYS软件对ITER聚变功率关闭系统(FPSS)的一种阀门箱的结构在ITER各种典型荷载组合下的应力和应变进行了有限元分析，并遵照ASME及ITER标准对分析结果进行了评判。结果表明这种阀门箱结构能够满足ITER的设计要求。     

Investigation of stability of ITER candidate Hall sensors under neutron irradiation

Hall sensors offer an attractive true non-inductive method of magnetic field measurements for fusion reactors. Their use for steady state magnetic diagnostics of ITER is presently limited by their questionable radiation and thermal stability. Issues of stable and reliable operation in ITER like radiation and thermal environment are addressed by the contribution. Recently, novel Hall sensors, compatible with temperatures up to 200°C, were developed and their radiation stability was tested at LVR-15 experimental fission reactor. Overview of the experimental set-up on LVR-15 reactor is given. Degradation of the sensor’s sensitivity by several tens of percents was observed after neutron irradiation by the total neutron fluence of 2 × 10¹⁷ n/cm² in LVR-15. This level of neutron fluence is comparable to that expected to occur over the whole ITER life time for a sensor location just outside the ITER vessel. The in-situ recalibration techniques are expected to handle the observed degree of Hall sensors performance degradation in ITER environment.     

ITER 中国采购包标准化现状与策略

简要介绍了中国承担设计和制造任务的ITER 计划采购包的构成情况,分析了ITER 采购包采用标准的原则和ITER 中国采购包引用标准的特点,总结了ITER 中国采购包标准化现状。基于当前ITER 中国采购包对标准的需求以及着眼于国内磁约束核聚变长远发展需要,讨论提出了当前ITER 中国采购包的标准化策略建议。     

ITER装置CTB盒冷屏绝热结构初步设计与分析

根据装置系统对CTB盒的绝热性能要求,文章对CTB盒的真空绝热层的选型、搭接处理和真空度保证措施进行了分析和设计,并分别对辐射传热、固体导热、气体导热的表观传热系数,和绝热结构总的热损失进行了数值计算。经初步检验,该绝热结构的设计是可信的,并且其总的热损失能够满足ITER设计文集的要求,为CTB盒内部冷屏的设计和制造提供了可靠的技术参数。     

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简要介绍了中国承担设计和制造任务的ITER计划采购包的构成情况，分析了ITER采购包采用标准的原则和ITER中国采购包引用标准的特点，总结了ITER中国采购包标准化现状。基于当前ITER中国采购包对标准的需求以及着眼于国内磁约束核聚变长远发展需要，讨论提出了当前ITER中国采购包的标准化策略建议。     

ITER真空室中子屏蔽设计

ITER真空室中子屏蔽主要是屏蔽中子流、伽马射线以及降低环向场波纹度。介绍了ITER真空室的结构特点及屏蔽结构料材的选取情况,发展了屏蔽设计思想及相关的支撑结构,对铁磁性材料填充区域进行了布局设计。依据ITER真空室物理学计算结果,确定了屏蔽区域屏蔽材料的填充率。基于三维建模软件进行了屏蔽块零件库的仿真设计和屏蔽结构的模拟仿真。     

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简要介绍了ITER计划的发展历程;综述了ITER实验包层模块计划(ITER-TBM)的历史、主要技术路线和最新的设计与研发进展;概述了与实验包层计划相关的DEMO聚变堆的定义与发展策略。最后,介绍了国内开展的基于固体增殖剂概念的ITER实验包层的初步设计概况,对TBM的研发计划提出了建议。     

ITER脉冲功率变电站一次系统研究与实现

介绍了国际热核聚变堆（ITER）装置的脉冲功率变电站（PPEN）一次系统的设计,包括主变压器、400 kV/66 kV/22 kV这3个电压等级的断路器、隔离开关、互感器、避雷器、母线等的技术要求和选型设计。然后对PPEN系统进行了仿真分析,结果证明PPEN一次系统满足ITER运行的要求。最后对PPEN中方采购包的进展和后续工作进行了简要介绍。